Compare Montserrat (2002) - Kiribati (2002)

Compare Montserrat (2002) z Kiribati (2002)

	Montserrat (2002)	Kiribati (2002)

Administrative divisions	3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter	3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina)
Age structure	0-14 years: 23.6% (male 1,001; female 986) 15-64 years: 65% (male 2,624; female 2,864) 65 years and over: 11.4% (male 508; female 454) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 40.2% (male 19,588; female 19,092) 15-64 years: 56.6% (male 26,905; female 27,625) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 1,339; female 1,786) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers; livestock products	copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish
Airports	none; only airport was destroyed by volcanic activity; a helicopter service to Antigua is used	21 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 16 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 4 (2002)
Area	total: 102 sq km land: 102 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 811 sq km land: 811 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands
Area - comparative	about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC	four times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Much of this island has been devastated and two-thirds of the population has fled abroad due to the eruption of the Soufriere Hills volcano that began on 18 July 1995.	The Gilbert Islands were granted self-rule by the UK in 1971 and complete independence in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island groups in a 1979 treaty of friendship with Kiribati.
Birth rate	17.54 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	31.58 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $31.4 million expenditures: $31.6 million, including capital expenditures of $8.4 million	revenues: $28.4 million expenditures: $37.2 million, including capital expenditures of $NA million (2000 est.) (2000 est.)
Capital	Plymouth (abandoned in 1997 due to volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades Estate, in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat)	Tarawa
Climate	tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation	tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	40 km	1,143 km
Constitution	present constitution came into force 19 December 1989	12 July 1979
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Montserrat	conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati conventional short form: Kiribati note: pronounced kir-ih-bahss former: Gilbert Islands
Currency	East Caribbean dollar (XCD)	Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate	7.47 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	8.76 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$8.9 million (1997) (1997)	$10 million (1999 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati; the ambassador to the Marshall Islands is accredited to Kiribati
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	Kiribati does not have an embassy in the US; there is an honorary consulate in Honolulu
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	Country Policy Plan (2001) is a three-year program for spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance	$15.5 million (1995), largely from UK and Japan
Economy - overview	Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcano and on public sector construction activity. The UK has launched a three-year $122.8 million aid program to help reconstruct the economy. Half of the island is expected to remain uninhabitable for another decade.	A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few national resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence from the UK in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets. Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. The financial sector is at an early stage of development as is the expansion of private sector initiatives. Foreign financial aid, from UK, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and China, is a critical supplement to GDP, equal to 25%-50% of GDP in recent years. Remittances from workers abroad account for more than $5 million each year.
Electricity - consumption	4.65 million kWh (2000)	6.51 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	5 million kWh (2000)	7 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Chances Peak (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) 914 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m
Environment - current issues	land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation	heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; ground water at risk
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	black, white	predominantly Micronesian with some Polynesian
Exchange rates	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976)	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Anthony LONGRIGG (since NA May 2001) head of government: Chief Minister John OSBORNE (since 5 April 2001) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister	chief of state: President Teburoro TITO (since 1 October 1994); Vice President Beniamina TIINGA (since NA December 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Teburoro TITO (since 1 October 1994); Vice President Beniamina TIINGA (since NA December 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: 12-member Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the House of Parliament elections: the House of Parliament chooses the presidential candidates from among their members and then those candidates compete in a general election; president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 25 February 2003 (next to be held by November 2007); vice president appointed by the president election results: Teburoro TITO reelected president; percent of vote - Teburoro TITO 50.4%, Taberannang TIMEON 48.4%, Bakeua Bakeua TEKITA 1.2%
Exports	$1.5 million (1998)	$6 million f.o.b. (1998)
Exports - commodities	electronic components, plastic bags, apparel, hot peppers, live plants, cattle	copra 62%, coconuts, seaweed, fish
Exports - partners	US, Antigua and Barbuda (1993)	Japan, Bangladesh, US, Australia, Brazil, Poland (2000)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	NA
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross	the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean
GDP	purchasing power parity - $31 million (1999 est.)	purchasing power parity - $79 million (2001 est.), supplemented by a nearly equal amount from external sources (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 5% industry: 14% services: 81% (1996 est.)	agriculture: 30% industry: 7% services: 63% (1998 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,400 (1999 est.)	purchasing power parity - $840 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-1.5% (1999 est.)	1.5% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	16 45 N, 62 12 W	1 25 N, 173 00 E
Geography - note	the island is entirely volcanic in origin and contains seven active volcanoes	21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru
Highways	total: 269 km paved: 203 km unpaved: 66 km (1995)	total: 670 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km note: 27 km are paved in South Tarawa (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe	-
Imports	$26 million (1998)	$44 million c.i.f. (1999)
Imports - commodities	machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials	foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous manufactured goods, fuel
Imports - partners	US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada (1993)	Australia, Japan, Fiji, Poland, US (2000)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	12 July 1979 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	0.7% (1991 est.)
Industries	tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances	fishing, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	7.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	52.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	5% (1998) (1998)	2.5% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	Caricom, CDB, ECLAC (associate), ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, WCL	ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WTrO (applicant)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	17 (2000)	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court)	Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges at all levels are appointed by the president
Labor force	4,521 (1992); note - lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity	7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (1985 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 50.68% other: 49.32% (1998 est.)
Languages	English	I-Kiribati, English (official)
Legal system	English common law and statutory law	NA
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 9 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms) note: expanded in 2001 from 7 to 9 elected members with attorney general and financial secretary sitting as ex-officio members elections: last held NA April 2001 (next to be held by November 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPLM 7, NPP 2 note: in 2001, the Elections Commission instituted a single constituency/voter-at-large system whereby all eligible voters cast ballots for all nine seats of the Legislative Council	unicameral House of Parliament or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (42 seats; 39 elected by popular vote, one ex officio member - the attorney general, one appointed to represent Banaba, and one other; members serve four-year terms) elections: first round elections last held 29 November 2002; second round elections held 6 December 2002 (next to be held by November 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - BTK 17, MTM 16, independents 7, other 2 (includes attorney general)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.2 years male: 76.1 years female: 80.4 years (2002 est.)	total population: 60.54 years male: 57.61 years female: 63.62 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 97% male: 97% female: 97% (1970 est.)	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico	Oceania, group of 33 coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the equator; the capital Tarawa is about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia; note - on 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its territory lies in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (GMT +12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its jurisdiction lie on the other side of the International Date Line
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Oceania
Maritime claims	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,291 GRT/1,295 DWT ships by type: passenger/cargo 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force	no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts are on all islands)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA%
National holiday	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)	Independence Day, 12 July (1979)
Nationality	noun: Montserratian(s) adjective: Montserratian	noun: I-Kiribati (singular and plural) adjective: I-Kiribati
Natural hazards	severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1996)	typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level
Natural resources	NEGL	phosphate (production discontinued in 1979)
Net migration rate	74.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	National Progressive Party or NPP [Reuben T. MEADE]; New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE]	Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON]; Maneaban Te Mauri Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; National Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG] note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	8,437 note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2002 est.)	96,335 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	8.43% (2002 est.)	2.28% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Plymouth (abandoned), Little Bay (anchorages and ferry landing), Carr's Bay	Banaba, Betio, English Harbour, Kanton
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 note: the shortwave station may be inactive (2002)
Radios	7,000 (1997)	17,000 (1997)
Railways	0 km (2003)	0 km
Religions	Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations	Roman Catholic 52%, Protestant (Congregational) 40%, some Seventh-Day Adventist, Muslim, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, and Church of God (1999)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.12 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: NA	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) note: Kiribati is being linked to the Pacific Ocean Cooperative Telecommunications Network, which should improve telephone service
Telephones - main lines in use	4,000 (1997)	3,800 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular	70 (1994)	NA
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	1 (not reported to be active) (2002)
Terrain	volcanic islands, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland	mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs
Total fertility rate	1.81 children born/woman (2002 est.)	4.32 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	6% (1998 est.)	2%; underemployment 70% (1992 est.)
Waterways	none	5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands)

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