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Compare Mayotte (2001) - Uzbekistan (2001)
Compare Mayotte (2001) z Uzbekistan (2001)
| Mayotte (2001) | Uzbekistan (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territorial collectivity of France) | 12 wiloyatlar (singular - wiloyat), 1 autonomous republic* (respublikasi), and 1 city** (shahri); Andijon Wiloyati, Bukhoro Wiloyati, Farghona Wiloyati, Jizzakh Wiloyati, Khorazm Wiloyati (Urganch), Namangan Wiloyati, Nawoiy Wiloyati, Qashqadaryo Wiloyati (Qarshi), Qoraqalpoghiston* (Nukus), Samarqand Wiloyati, Sirdaryo Wiloyati (Guliston), Surkhondaryo Wiloyati (Termiz), Toshkent Shahri**, Toshkent Wiloyati
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
46.59% (male 38,188; female 37,920) 15-64 years: 51.73% (male 46,132; female 38,378) 65 years and over: 1.68% (male 1,361; female 1,387) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years:
36.32% (male 4,646,341; female 4,489,265) 15-64 years: 59.06% (male 7,351,908; female 7,504,626) 65 years and over: 4.62% (male 466,029; female 696,895) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra | cotton, vegetables, fruits, grain; livestock |
| Airports | 1 (2000 est.) | 267 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total:
10 over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 5 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total:
257 over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 11 914 to 1,523 m: 13 under 914 m: 222 |
| Area | total:
374 sq km land: 374 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total:
447,400 sq km land: 425,400 sq km water: 22,000 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC | slightly larger than California |
| Background | Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other Comoros in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forgo independence. | Russia conquered Uzbekistan in the late 19th century. Stiff resistance to the Red Army after World War I was eventually suppressed and a socialist republic set up in 1925. During the Soviet era, intensive production of "white gold" (cotton) and grain led to overuse of agrochemicals and the depletion of water supplies, which have left the land poisoned and the Aral Sea and certain rivers half dry. Independent since 1991, the country seeks to gradually lessen its dependence on agriculture while developing its mineral and petroleum reserves. Current concerns include insurgency by Islamic militants based in Tajikistan and Afghanistan, a non-convertible currency, and the curtailment of human rights and democratization. |
| Birth rate | 44.39 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 26.1 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$NA expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1991 est.) |
revenues:
$4 billion expenditures: $4.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.) |
| Capital | Mamoutzou | Tashkent (Toshkent) |
| Climate | tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November) | mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid grassland in east |
| Coastline | 185.2 km | 0 km; note - Uzbekistan includes the southern portion of the Aral Sea with a 420 km shoreline |
| Constitution | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) | new constitution adopted 8 December 1992 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte conventional short form: Mayotte |
conventional long form:
Republic of Uzbekistan conventional short form: Uzbekistan local long form: Uzbekiston Respublikasi local short form: none former: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic |
| Currency | French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) | Uzbekistani sum (UZS) |
| Death rate | 8.84 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 8 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $3.3 billion (1999 est.) |
| Dependency status | territorial collectivity of France | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territorial collectivity of France) | chief of mission:
Ambassador John Edward HERBST embassy: 82 Chilanzarskaya, Tashkent 700115 mailing address: use embassy street address; US Embassy Tashkent, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7110 telephone: [998] (71) 120-5444 FAX: [998] (71) 120-6335 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territorial collectivity of France) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Shavkat HAMRAKULOV chancery: 1746 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 887-5300 FAX: [1] (202) 293-6804 consulate(s) general: New York |
| Disputes - international | claimed by Comoros | occasional target of Islamic insurgents based in Tajikistan and Afghanistan |
| Economic aid - recipient | $107.7 million (1995); note - extensive French financial assistance | $276.6 million (1995) |
| Economy - overview | Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism. | Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country of which 10% consists of intensely cultivated, irrigated river valleys. More than 60% of its population lives in densely populated rural communities. Uzbekistan is now the world's third largest cotton exporter, a large producer of gold and oil, and a regionally significant producer of chemicals and machinery. Following independence in December 1991, the government sought to prop up its Soviet-style command economy with subsidies and tight controls on production and prices. Faced with high rates of inflation, however, the government began to reform in mid-1994, by introducing tighter monetary policies, expanding privatization, slightly reducing the role of the state in the economy, and improving the environment for foreign investors. The state continues to be a dominating influence in the economy and has so far failed to bring about much-needed structural changes. The IMF suspended Uzbekistan's $185 million standby arrangement in late 1996 because of governmental steps that made impossible fulfillment of Fund conditions. Uzbekistan has responded to the negative external conditions generated by the Asian and Russian financial crises by tightening export and currency controls within its already largely closed economy. Economic policies that have repelled foreign investment are a major factor in the economy's stagnation. A growing debt burden, persistent inflation, and a poor business climate led to stagnant growth in 2000, with little improvement predicted for 2001. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 43.455 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 3.92 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 7.5 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 42.876 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
fossil fuel:
86.4% hydro: 13.6% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Benara 660 m |
lowest point:
Sariqarnish Kuli -12 m highest point: Adelunga Toghi 4,301 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | drying up of the Aral Sea is resulting in growing concentrations of chemical pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then blown from the increasingly exposed lake bed and contribute to desertification; water pollution from industrial wastes and the heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides is the cause of many human health disorders; increasing soil salination; soil contamination from agricultural chemicals, including DDT |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | NA | Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 est.) |
| Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) | Uzbekistani sums per US dollar - 325.0 (January 2001), 141.4 (January 2000), 111.9 (February 1999), 110.95 (December 1998), 75.8 (September 1997), 41.1 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Pierre BAYLE (since 15 July 1998) head of government: President of the General Council Younoussa BAMANA (since NA 1977) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term |
chief of state:
President Islom KARIMOV (since 24 March 1990, when he was elected president by the then Supreme Soviet) head of government: Prime Minister Otkir SULTONOV (since 21 December 1995) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president with approval of the Supreme Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 9 January 2000 (next to be held NA January 2005); note - extension of President KARIMOV's original term for an additional five years overwhelmingly approved - 99.6% of total vote in favor - by national referendum held 27 March 1995; prime minister and deputy ministers appointed by the president election results: Islom KARIMOV reelected president; percent of vote - Islom KARIMOV 91.9%, Abdulkhafiz DZHALALOV 4.2% |
| Exports | $3.44 million (f.o.b., 1997) | $2.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon | cotton, gold, natural gas, mineral fertilizers, ferrous metals, textiles, food products, automobiles |
| Exports - partners | France 80%, Comoros 15%, Reunion | Russia 13%, Switzerland 10%, UK 10%, Belgium 3%, Kazakhstan 4%, Tajikistan 4% (1999) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | calendar year |
| Flag description | the flag of France is used | three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and green separated by red fimbriations with a white crescent moon and 12 white stars in the upper hoist-side quadrant |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $85 million (1998 est.) | purchasing power parity - $60 billion (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
NA% industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture:
28% industry: 21% services: 51% (1999 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $600 (1998 est.) | purchasing power parity - $2,400 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | 2.1% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 12 50 S, 45 10 E | 41 00 N, 64 00 E |
| Geography - note | part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands | along with Liechtenstein, one of the only two doubly landlocked countries in the world |
| Highways | total:
93 km paved: 72 km unpaved: 21 km |
total:
81,600 km paved: 71,237 km (these roads are said to be hard-surfaced, and include, in addition to conventionally paved roads, some that are surfaced with gravel or other coarse aggregate, making them trafficable in all weather) unpaved: 10,363 km (these roads are made of unstabilized earth and are difficult to negotiate in wet weather) (1996) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%:
3.1% highest 10%: 25.2% (1993) |
| Illicit drugs | - | limited illicit cultivation of cannabis and very small amounts of opium poppy, mostly for domestic consumption, almost entirely eradicated by an effective government eradication program; increasingly used as transshipment point for illicit drugs from Afghanistan to Russia and Western Europe and for acetic anhydride destined for Afghanistan |
| Imports | $141.3 million (f.o.b., 1997) | $2.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals | machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals; foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | France 66%, Africa 14%, Southeast Asia 11% (1997) | Russia 14%, South Korea 14%, Germany 11%, US 8%, Turkey 4%, Kazakhstan 4% (1999) |
| Independence | none (territorial collectivity of France) | 1 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | 6.4% (2000 est.) |
| Industries | newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction | textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, natural gas, chemicals |
| Infant mortality rate | 69.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | 71.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | 40% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | FZ | AsDB, CCC, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECO, ESCAP, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | NA | 42 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 40,000 sq km (1993 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel | Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and confirmed by the Supreme Assembly) |
| Labor force | NA | 11.9 million (1998 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | agriculture 44%, industry 20%, services 36% (1995) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | total:
6,221 km border countries: Afghanistan 137 km, Kazakhstan 2,203 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,099 km, Tajikistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km |
| Land use | arable land:
NA% permanent crops: NA% permanent pastures: NA% forests and woodland: NA% other: NA% |
arable land:
9% permanent crops: 1% permanent pastures: 46% forests and woodland: 3% other: 41% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population | Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1% |
| Legal system | French law | evolution of Soviet civil law; still lacks independent judicial system |
| Legislative branch | unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 7 October 2000 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 1995 (next to be held 24 September 2001); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - MPM 1; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May and 1 June 1997 (next to be held as a special election on NA May 2002); results - percent of vote by party - UDF/FD 51.7%, RPR 48.3%; seats by party - UDF/FD 1 |
unicameral Supreme Assembly or Oliy Majlis (250 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 5 December and 19 December 1999 (next to be held NA December 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NDP 48, Self-Sacrificers Party 34, Fatherland Progress Party 20, Adolat Social Democratic Party 11, MTP 10, citizens' groups 16, local government 110, vacant 1 note: not all seats in the last Supreme Assembly election were contested; all parties in the Supreme Assembly support President KARIMOV |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
59.83 years male: 57.77 years female: 61.96 years (2001 est.) |
total population:
63.81 years male: 60.24 years female: 67.56 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (yearend 1996) |
| Location | Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique | Central Asia, north of Afghanistan |
| Map references | Africa | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
none (doubly landlocked) |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | - |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of France; small contingent of French forces stationed on the island | - |
| Military branches | - | Army, Air and Air Defense Forces, Security Forces (internal and border troops), National Guard |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $200 million (FY97) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | - | 2% (FY97) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49:
6,550,587 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49:
5,318,418 (2001 est.) |
| Military manpower - military age | - | 18 years of age |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | - | males:
274,602 (2001 est.) |
| National holiday | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) | Independence Day, 1 September (1991) |
| Nationality | noun:
Mahorais (singular and plural) adjective: Mahoran |
noun:
Uzbekistani(s) adjective: Uzbekistani |
| Natural hazards | cyclones during rainy season | NA |
| Natural resources | NEGL | natural gas, petroleum, coal, gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead and zinc, tungsten, molybdenum |
| Net migration rate | 10.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | -2.06 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Pipelines | - | crude oil 250 km; petroleum products 40 km; natural gas 810 km (1992) |
| Political parties and leaders | Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Younoussa BAMANA]; Mahoran Rally for the Republic or RPR [Mansour KAMARDINE]; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]; Socialist Party or PS (local branch of French Parti Socialiste) [Ibrahim ABUBACAR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE] | Adolat (Justice) Social Democratic Party [Anwar JURABAYEV, first secretary]; Democratic National Rebirth Party (Milly Tiklanish) or MTP [Aziz KAYUMOV, chairman]; Fatherland Progress Party [Anwar Z. YOLDASHEV]; People's Democratic Party or NDP (formerly Communist Party) [Abdulkhafiz JALOLOV, first secretary]; Self-Sacrificers Party or Fidokorlar National Democratic Party [Ahtam TURSUNOV, first secretary] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | Birlik (Unity) Movement [Abdurakhim PULAT, chairman]; Erk (Freedom) Democratic Party [Muhammad SOLIH, chairman] was banned 9 December 1992; Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan [Abdumanob PULAT, chairman]; Independent Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan [Mikhail ARDZINOV, chairman] |
| Population | 163,366 (July 2001 est.) | 25,155,064 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 4.58% (2001 est.) | 1.6% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Dzaoudzi | Termiz (Amu Darya river) |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 20, FM 7, shortwave 10 (1998) |
| Radios | NA | 10.8 million (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | total:
3,380 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines broad gauge: 3,380 km 1.520-m gauge (300 km electrified) (1993) |
| Religions | Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic) | Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3% |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.2 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.98 male(s)/female total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications domestic: NA international: microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros and other international connections |
general assessment:
antiquated and inadequate; in serious need of modernization domestic: the domestic telephone system is being expanded and technologically improved, particularly in Tashkent and Samarqand, under contracts with prominent companies in industrialized countries; moreover, by 1998, six cellular networks had been placed in operation - four of the GSM type (Global System for Mobile Communication), one D-AMPS type (Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System), and one AMPS type (Advanced Mobile Phone System) international: linked by landline or microwave radio relay with CIS member states and to other countries by leased connection via the Moscow international gateway switch; after the completion of the Uzbek link to the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic cable, Uzbekistan will be independent of Russian facilities for international communications; Inmarsat also provides an international connection, albeit an expensive one; satellite earth stations - NA (1998) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 9,314 (1997) | 1.98 million (1999) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (2000) | 26,000 (1998) |
| Television broadcast stations | 3 (1997) | 4 (plus two repeaters that relay Russian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Tadzhik programs) (1997) |
| Terrain | generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks | mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes; broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along course of Amu Darya, Sirdaryo (Syr Darya), and Zarafshon; Fergana Valley in east surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west |
| Total fertility rate | 6.24 children born/woman (2001 est.) | 3.06 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 45% (1997) | 10% plus another 20% underemployed (1999 est.) |
| Waterways | none | 1,100 km (1990) |
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