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Compare Lithuania (2001) - Seychelles (2001)

Compare Lithuania (2001) z Seychelles (2001)

 Lithuania (2001)Seychelles (2001)
 LithuaniaSeychelles
Administrative divisions 44 regions (rajonai, singular - rajonas) and 11 municipalities*: Akmenes Rajonas, Alytaus Rajonas, Alytus*, Anyksciu Rajonas, Birstonas*, Birzu Rajonas, Druskininkai*, Ignalinos Rajonas, Jonavos Rajonas, Joniskio Rajonas, Jurbarko Rajonas, Kaisiadoriu Rajonas, Kaunas*, Kauno Rajonas, Kedainiu Rajonas, Kelmes Rajonas, Klaipeda*, Klaipedos Rajonas, Kretingos Rajonas, Kupiskio Rajonas, Lazdiju Rajonas, Marijampole*, Marijampoles Rajonas, Mazeikiu Rajonas, Moletu Rajonas, Neringa* Pakruojo Rajonas, Palanga*, Panevezio Rajonas, Panevezys*, Pasvalio Rajonas, Plunges Rajonas, Prienu Rajonas, Radviliskio Rajonas, Raseiniu Rajonas, Rokiskio Rajonas, Sakiu Rajonas, Salcininku Rajonas, Siauliai*, Siauliu Rajonas, Silales Rajonas, Silutes Rajonas, Sirvintu Rajonas, Skuodo Rajonas, Svencioniu Rajonas, Taurages Rajonas, Telsiu Rajonas, Traku Rajonas, Ukmerges Rajonas, Utenos Rajonas, Varenos Rajonas, Vilkaviskio Rajonas, Vilniaus Rajonas, Vilnius*, Zarasu Rajonas 23 administrative districts; Anse aux Pins, Anse Boileau, Anse Etoile, Anse Louis, Anse Royale, Baie Lazare, Baie Sainte Anne, Beau Vallon, Bel Air, Bel Ombre, Cascade, Glacis, Grand' Anse (on Mahe), Grand' Anse (on Praslin), La Digue, La Riviere Anglaise, Mont Buxton, Mont Fleuri, Plaisance, Pointe La Rue, Port Glaud, Saint Louis, Takamaka
Age structure 0-14 years:
18.75% (male 345,694; female 331,125)

15-64 years:
67.69% (male 1,181,119; female 1,262,872)

65 years and over:
13.56% (male 165,732; female 323,993) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
28.27% (male 11,367; female 11,167)

15-64 years:
65.47% (male 25,453; female 26,737)

65 years and over:
6.26% (male 1,673; female 3,318) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products grain, potatoes, sugar beets, flax, vegetables; beef, milk, eggs; fish coconuts, cinnamon, vanilla, sweet potatoes, cassava (tapioca), bananas; broiler chickens; tuna fish
Airports 72 (2000 est.) 14 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
9

over 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total:
6

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
63

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
5

under 914 m:
55 (2000 est.)
total:
8

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
4 (2000 est.)
Area total:
65,200 sq km

land:
65,200 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total:
455 sq km

land:
455 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than West Virginia 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Independent between the two World Wars, Lithuania was annexed by the USSR in 1940. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but this proclamation was not generally recognized until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently has restructured its economy for eventual integration into Western European institutions. A lengthy struggle between France and Great Britain for the islands ended in 1814, when they were ceded to the latter. Independence came in 1976. Socialist rule was brought to a close with a new constitution and free elections in 1993.
Birth rate 10 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 17.66 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$1.5 billion

expenditures:
$1.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.)
revenues:
$249 million

expenditures:
$262 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)
Capital Vilnius Victoria
Climate transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers tropical marine; humid; cooler season during southeast monsoon (late May to September); warmer season during northwest monsoon (March to May)
Coastline 99 km 491 km
Constitution adopted 25 October 1992 18 June 1993
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Lithuania

conventional short form:
Lithuania

local long form:
Lietuvos Respublika

local short form:
Lietuva

former:
Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
conventional long form:
Republic of Seychelles

conventional short form:
Seychelles
Currency litas (LTL) Seychelles rupee (SCR)
Death rate 12.86 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.65 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $2.5 billion (2000 est.) $240 million (1999 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador John F. TEFFT

embassy:
Akmenu 6, 2600 Vilnius

mailing address:
American Embassy, Vilnius, PSC 78, Box V, APO AE 09723

telephone:
[370] (2) 223-031

FAX:
[370] (2) 227-236
the US does not have an embassy in Seychelles; the ambassador to Mauritius is accredited to Seychelles
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Vygaudas USACKAS

chancery:
2622 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 234-5860

FAX:
[1] (202) 328-0466

consulate(s) general:
Chicago and New York
chief of mission:
Ambassador Claude Sylvestre MOREL

chancery:
800 Second Avenue, Suite 400C, New York, NY 10017

telephone:
[1] (212) 972-1785

FAX:
[1] (212) 972-1786
Disputes - international Latvia has not ratified a 1998 maritime boundary agreement with Lithuania (primary concern is oil exploration rights); 1997 border agreement with Russia not yet ratified by Russia claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory)
Economic aid - recipient $228.5 million (1995) $16.4 million (1995)
Economy - overview Lithuania, the Baltic state that has conducted the most trade with Russia, has been slowly rebounding from the 1998 Russian financial crisis. High unemployment and weak consumption have held back recovery. GDP growth for 2000 - estimated at 2.9% - fell behind that of Estonia and Latvia, and unemployment is estimated at 10.8%, the country's highest since regaining independence in 1990. For 2001, Lithuanians forecast 3.2% growth, 1.8% inflation, and a fiscal deficit of 3.3%. In early 2001, the Lithuanian Government announced that it will repeg its currency, the litas, to the euro (the litas is currently pegged to the dollar) some time in 2002. Lithuania must ratify 25 agreements along with other legal documents and obligations by 1 May 2001 before gaining World Trade Organization membership. Lithuania was invited to the Helsinki summit in December 1999 and began EU accession talks in early 2000. Privatization of the large, state-owned utilities, particularly in the energy sector, remains a key challenge for 2001. Since independence in 1976, per capita output in this Indian Ocean archipelago has expanded to roughly seven times the old near-subsistence level. Growth has been led by the tourist sector, which employs about 30% of the labor force and provides more than 70% of hard currency earnings, and by tuna fishing. In recent years the government has encouraged foreign investment in order to upgrade hotels and other services. At the same time, the government has moved to reduce the dependence on tourism by promoting the development of farming, fishing, and small-scale manufacturing. The vulnerability of the tourist sector was illustrated by the sharp drop in 1991-92 due largely to the Gulf war. Although the industry has rebounded, the government recognizes the continuing need for upgrading the sector in the face of stiff international competition. Other issues facing the government are the curbing of the budget deficit and further privatization of public enterprises. Growth slowed in 1998-2000, due to sluggish tourist and tuna sectors. Tight controls on exchange rates and the scarcity of foreign exchange have hindered short-term economic prospects. The black market value of the Seychelles ruppee is half the official exchange rate; without a devaluation of the currency the tourist sector should remain sluggish as vacationers seek cheaper destinations such as Comoros, Mauritius, and Madagascar.
Electricity - consumption 9.817 billion kWh (1999) 148.8 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 3.2 billion kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 400 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 13.567 billion kWh (1999) 160 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
23.89%

hydro:
3.43%

nuclear:
72.68%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Baltic Sea 0 m

highest point:
Juozapines/Kalnas 292 m
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Morne Seychellois 905 m
Environment - current issues contamination of soil and groundwater with petroleum products and chemicals at military bases water supply depends on catchments to collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:
Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Lithuanian 80.6%, Russian 8.7%, Polish 7%, Byelorussian 1.6%, other 2.1% Seychellois (mixture of Asians, Africans, Europeans)
Exchange rates litai per US dollar - 4.000 (fixed rate since 1 May 1994); note - litai is the plural of litas Seychelles rupees per US dollar - 6.0397 (November 2000), 5.6009 (2000), 5,3426 (1999), 5.2622 (1998), 5.0263 (1997), 4.9700 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Valdas ADAMKUS (since 26 February 1998)

head of government:
Premier Algirdas BRAZAUSKAS (since 3 July 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the nomination of the premier

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 21 December 1997 and 4 January 1998 (next to be held NA 2002); premier appointed by the president on the approval of the Parliament

election results:
Valdas ADAMKUS elected president; percent of vote - Valdas ADAMKUS 50.4%, Arturas PAULAUSKAS 49.6%
chief of state:
President France Albert RENE (since 5 June 1977); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President France Albert RENE (since 5 June 1977); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 20-22 March 1998 (next to be held by NA 2003)

election results:
France Albert RENE reelected president; percent of vote - France Albert RENE (SPPF) 66.7%, Wavel RAMKALAWAN (UO) 19.5%, Sir James MANCHAM (DP) 13.8%
Exports $3.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000) $111 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities machinery and equipment 22%, mineral products 15%, chemicals 12%, textiles and clothing, foodstuffs (1999) fish, cinnamon bark, copra, petroleum products (reexports)
Exports - partners Germany 15.8%, Latvia 12.6%, Russia 6.9%, Belarus 5.8%, Denmark (1999) France, UK, Netherlands, Italy, China, Germany, Japan
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), green, and red five oblique bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, red, white, and green (bottom) radiating from the bottom of the hoist side
GDP purchasing power parity - $26.4 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $610 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
10%

industry:
33%

services:
57% (1999 est.)
agriculture:
3.1%

industry:
26.3%

services:
70.6% (1999)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $7,300 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $7,700 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 2.9% (2000 est.) 1.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 56 00 N, 24 00 E 4 35 S, 55 40 E
Geography - note - 40 granitic and about 50 coralline islands
Highways total:
44,000 km

paved:
35,500 km

unpaved:
8,500 km (2000)
total:
373 km

paved:
315 km

unpaved:
58 km (1997)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
3.1%

highest 10%:
25.6% (1996)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs transshipment point for opiates and other illicit drugs from Southwest Asia, Latin America, and Western Europe to Western Europe and Scandinavia; limited production of methamphetamine and ecstasy -
Imports $4.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000) $440 million (c.i.f., 1999)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment 18%, mineral products 16%, chemicals 10%, textiles and clothing 10%, transport equipment 7% (1999) machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals
Imports - partners Russia 20.4%, Germany 16.5%, Denmark 3.8%, Belarus 2.2%, Latvia 2% (1999) South Africa, UK, China, Singapore, France, Italy
Independence 11 March 1990 (independence declared from Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (Soviet Union recognizes Lithuania's independence) 29 June 1976 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 2.3% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, television sets, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture making, textiles, food processing, fertilizers, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, electronic components, computers, amber fishing; tourism; processing of coconuts and vanilla, coir (coconut fiber) rope, boat building, printing, furniture; beverages
Infant mortality rate 14.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 17.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1% (2000 est.) 6% (1999 est.)
International organization participation ACCT (observer), BIS, CBSS, CCC, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNMIK, UPU, WCL, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) ACCT, ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 14 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 430 sq km (1993 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts appointed by the Parliament Court of Appeal; Supreme Court; judges for both courts are appointed by the president
Labor force 2 million (2000 est.) 30,900 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation industry 30%, agriculture 20%, services 50% (1997 est.) industry 19%, services 71%, agriculture 10% (1989)
Land boundaries total:
1,273 km

border countries:
Belarus 502 km, Latvia 453 km, Poland 91 km, Russia (Kaliningrad) 227 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
39%

permanent crops:
9%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
31%

other:
15% (2001 est.)
arable land:
2%

permanent crops:
13%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
11%

other:
74% (1993 est.)
Languages Lithuanian (official), Polish, Russian English (official), French (official), Creole
Legal system based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament or Seimas (141 seats, 71 members are directly elected by popular vote, 70 are elected by proportional representation; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 8 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - Social Democratic Coalition 31.1%, New Union/Social Liberals 19.6%, Liberal Union 17.2%, TS 8.6%, remaining parties all less than 5%; seats by party - Social Democratic Coalition 52, Liberal Union 34, New Union/Social Liberals 29, TS 9, Farmer's Party 4, Center Union 2, Poles' Electoral Action 2, Modern Christian Democratic Union 1, independents 3, others 5
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (34 seats - 25 elected by popular vote, 9 allocated on a proportional basis to parties winning at least ten percent of the vote; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 20-22 March 1998 (next to be held by NA 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - SPPF 61.7%, UO 26.1%, DP 12.1%; seats by party - SPPF 30, UO 3, DP 1

note:
the 9 awarded seats are apportioned according to the share of each party in the total vote
Life expectancy at birth total population:
69.25 years

male:
63.3 years

female:
75.5 years (2001 est.)
total population:
70.69 years

male:
65.17 years

female:
76.37 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
98%

male:
99%

female:
98% (1989 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
58%

male:
56%

female:
60% (1971 est.)
Location Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia Eastern Africa, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, northeast of Madagascar
Map references Europe Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea:
12 NM
contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total:
50 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 293,168 GRT/327,827 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 26, combination bulk 10, petroleum tanker 2, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 7, roll on/roll off 1, short-sea passenger 3 (2000 est.)
total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,353 GRT/7,638 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1 (2000 est.)
Military branches Ground Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Force, Security Forces (internal and border troops), National Guard (Skat) Army, Coast Guard, air wing, National Guard, Presidential Protection Unit, Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure $181 million (FY99) $13 million (FY93)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.66% (FY00) 2.8% (FY93)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
929,389 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
22,951 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
730,363 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
11,452 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
28,506 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 16 February (1918); note - 16 February 1918 is the date of independence from German, Austrian, Prussian, and Russian occupation, 11 March 1990 is the date of independence from the Soviet Union Constitution Day, 18 June (1993)
Nationality noun:
Lithuanian(s)

adjective:
Lithuanian
noun:
Seychellois (singular and plural)

adjective:
Seychelles
Natural hazards NA lies outside the cyclone belt, so severe storms are rare; short droughts possible
Natural resources peat, arable land fish, copra, cinnamon trees
Net migration rate 0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -6.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines crude oil, 105 km; natural gas 760 km (1992) -
Political parties and leaders Christian Democratic Party or LKDP [Zigmas ZINKEVICIUS, chairman]; Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles [Valdemar TOMASZEVSKI, chairman]; Homeland Union/Conservative Party or TS [Vytautas LANDSBERGIS, chairman]; Lithuanian Center Union or LCS [Kestutis GLAVECKAS, chairman]; Lithuanian Farmer's Party or LUP [Ramunas KARBAUSKIS, chairman]; Lithuanian Liberal Union [Rolandas PAKSAS, chairman]; Lithuanian Social Democratic Coalition [Algirdas BRAZAUSKAS, chairman] consists of the Lithuanian Democratic Labor Party or LDDP, the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party or LSPD, and New Democracy; Modern Christian Democratic Union [Vytautas BOGUSIS, chairman]; New Union-Social Liberals [Arturas PAULAUSKAS, chairman] Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM]; Seychelles National Party or SNP (formerly the United Opposition or UO) [Wavel RAMKALAWAN]; Seychelles People's Progressive Front or SPPF [France Albert RENE] - the governing party
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Roman Catholic Church; trade unions
Population 3,610,535 (July 2001 est.) 79,715 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate -0.27% (2001 est.) 0.49% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Butinge, Kaunas, Klaipeda Victoria
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 112, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios 1.9 million (1997) 42,000 (1997)
Railways total:
2,002 km

broad gauge:
2,002 km 1.524-m gauge (122 km electrified) (1994)
0 km
Religions Roman Catholic (primarily), Lutheran, Russian Orthodox, Protestant, Evangelical Christian Baptist, Muslim, Jewish Roman Catholic 90%, Anglican 8%, other 2%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.94 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.51 male(s)/female

total population:
0.88 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.5 male(s)/female

total population:
0.93 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 17 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
inadequate, but is being modernized to provide an improved international capability and better residential access

domestic:
a national, fiber-optic cable, interurban, trunk system is nearing completion; rural exchanges are being improved and expanded; mobile cellular systems are being installed; access to the Internet is available; still many unsatisfied telephone subscriber applications

international:
landline connections to Latvia and Poland; major international connections to Denmark, Sweden, and Norway by submarine cable for further transmission by satellite
general assessment:
effective system

domestic:
radiotelephone communications between islands in the archipelago

international:
direct radiotelephone communications with adjacent island countries and African coastal countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 1.048 million (1997) 19,635 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 297,500 (November 1998) 16,316 (1999)
Television broadcast stations 20 (plus 30 repeaters) (1995) 2 (plus 9 repeaters) (1997)
Terrain lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs
Total fertility rate 1.37 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.83 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 10.8% (2000) NA%
Waterways 600 km (perennially navigable) none
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