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Compare Kazakhstan (2006) - Guernsey (2001)

Compare Kazakhstan (2006) z Guernsey (2001)

 Kazakhstan (2006)Guernsey (2001)
 KazakhstanGuernsey
Administrative divisions 14 provinces (oblystar, singular - oblys) and 3 cities* (qala, singular - qalasy); Almaty Oblysy, Almaty Qalasy*, Aqmola Oblysy (Astana), Aqtobe Oblysy, Astana Qalasy*, Atyrau Oblysy, Batys Qazaqstan Oblysy (Oral), Bayqongyr Qalasy*, Mangghystau Oblysy (Aqtau), Ongtustik Qazaqstan Oblysy (Shymkent), Pavlodar Oblysy, Qaraghandy Oblysy, Qostanay Oblysy, Qyzylorda Oblysy, Shyghys Qazaqstan Oblysy (Oskemen), Soltustik Qazaqstan Oblysy (Petropavlovsk), Zhambyl Oblysy (Taraz)


note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses); in 1995, the Governments of Kazakhstan and Russia entered into an agreement whereby Russia would lease for a period of 20 years an area of 6,000 sq km enclosing the Baykonur space launch facilities and the city of Bayqongyr (Baykonur, formerly Leninsk); in 2004, a new agreement extended the lease to 2050
none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 10 parishes including St. Peter Port, St. Sampson, Vale, Castel, St. Saviour, St. Pierre du Bois, Torteval, Forest, St. Martin, St. Andrew
Age structure 0-14 years: 23% (male 1,792,685/female 1,717,294)


15-64 years: 68.8% (male 5,122,027/female 5,357,819)


65 years and over: 8.2% (male 438,541/female 804,878) (2006 est.)
0-14 years:
16.22% (male 5,285; female 5,151)

15-64 years:
66.67% (male 21,264; female 21,630)

65 years and over:
17.11% (male 4,546; female 6,466) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products grain (mostly spring wheat), cotton; livestock tomatoes, greenhouse flowers, sweet peppers, eggplant, fruit; Guernsey cattle
Airports 150 (2006) 2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 67


over 3,047 m: 9


2,438 to 3,047 m: 27


1,524 to 2,437 m: 17


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 10 (2006)
total:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 83


over 3,047 m: 5


2,438 to 3,047 m: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 9


914 to 1,523 m: 10


under 914 m: 53 (2006)
-
Area total: 2,717,300 sq km


land: 2,669,800 sq km


water: 47,500 sq km
total:
194 sq km

land:
194 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes Alderney, Guernsey, Herm, Sark, and some other smaller islands
Area - comparative slightly less than four times the size of Texas slightly larger than Washington, DC
Background Native Kazakhs, a mix of Turkic and Mongol nomadic tribes who migrated into the region in the 13th century, were rarely united as a single nation. The area was conquered by Russia in the 18th century, and Kazakhstan became a Soviet Republic in 1936. During the 1950s and 1960s agricultural "Virgin Lands" program, Soviet citizens were encouraged to help cultivate Kazakhstan's northern pastures. This influx of immigrants (mostly Russians, but also some other deported nationalities) skewed the ethnic mixture and enabled non-Kazakhs to outnumber natives. Independence in 1991 caused many of these newcomers to emigrate. Current issues include: developing a cohesive national identity; expanding the development of the country's vast energy resources and exporting them to world markets; achieving a sustainable economic growth outside the oil, gas, and mining sectors; and strengthening relations with neighboring states and other foreign powers. The island of Guernsey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy, which held sway in both France and England. The islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II.
Birth rate 16 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) 9.9 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $12.19 billion


expenditures: $12.44 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2005 est.)
revenues:
$381.3 million

expenditures:
$368.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital name: Astana


geographic coordinates: 51 10 N, 71 30 E


time difference: UTC+6 (11 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


note: Kazakhstan is divided into three time zones
Saint Peter Port
Climate continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and semiarid temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of days are overcast
Coastline 0 km (landlocked); note - Kazakhstan borders the Aral Sea, now split into two bodies of water (1,070 km), and the Caspian Sea (1,894 km) 50 km
Constitution first post-independence constitution adopted 28 January 1993; new constitution adopted by national referendum 30 August 1995 unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Kazakhstan


conventional short form: Kazakhstan


local long form: Qazaqstan Respublikasy


local short form: Qazaqstan


former: Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic
conventional long form:
Bailiwick of Guernsey

conventional short form:
Guernsey
Currency - British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Guernsey pound
Death rate 9.42 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) 9.87 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $41.66 billion (2005 est.) $NA
Dependency status - British crown dependency
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador John M. ORDWAY


embassy: Ak Bulak 4, Str. 23-22, Building #3, Astana 010010


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [7] (3172) 70-21-00


FAX: [7] (3172) 34-08-90
none (British crown dependency)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Kanat B. SAUDABAYEV


chancery: 1401 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 232-5488


FAX: [1] (202) 232-5845


consulate(s): New York
none (British crown dependency)
Disputes - international in 2005, Kazakhstan agreed with Russia, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan to commence demarcating their boundaries; delimitation with Kyrgyzstan is complete; creation of a seabed boundary with Turkmenistan in the Caspian Sea remains unresolved; equidistant seabed treaties have been ratified with Azerbaijan and Russia in the Caspian Sea, but no resolution has been made on dividing the water column among any of the littoral states none
Economic aid - recipient $74.2 million in US assistance programs, 1992-2000 (FY2004) $NA
Economy - overview Kazakhstan, the largest of the former Soviet republics in territory, excluding Russia, possesses enormous fossil fuel reserves and plentiful supplies of other minerals and metals. It also has a large agricultural sector featuring livestock and grain. Kazakhstan's industrial sector rests on the extraction and processing of these natural resources and also on a growing machine-building sector specializing in construction equipment, tractors, agricultural machinery, and some defense items. The breakup of the USSR in December 1991 and the collapse in demand for Kazakhstan's traditional heavy industry products resulted in a short-term contraction of the economy, with the steepest annual decline occurring in 1994. In 1995-97, the pace of the government program of economic reform and privatization quickened, resulting in a substantial shifting of assets into the private sector. Kazakhstan enjoyed double-digit growth in 2000-01 - 9% or more per year in 2002-05 - thanks largely to its booming energy sector, but also to economic reform, good harvests, and foreign investment. The opening of the Caspian Consortium pipeline in 2001, from western Kazakhstan's Tengiz oilfield to the Black Sea, substantially raised export capacity. Kazakhstan also has begun work on an ambitious cooperative construction effort with China to build an oil pipeline that will extend from the country's Caspian coast eastward to the Chinese border. The country has embarked upon an industrial policy designed to diversify the economy away from overdependence on the oil sector by developing light industry. The policy aims to reduce the influence of foreign investment and foreign personnel. The government has engaged in several disputes with foreign oil companies over the terms of production agreements; tensions continue. Upward pressure on the local currency continued in 2005 due to massive oil-related foreign-exchange inflows. Financial services - banking, fund management, insurance, etc. - account for about 55% of total income in this tiny Channel Island economy. Tourism, manufacturing, and horticulture, mainly tomatoes and cut flowers, have been declining. Light tax and death duties make Guernsey a popular tax haven. The evolving economic integration of the EU nations is changing the rules of the game under which Guernsey operates.
Electricity - consumption 52.55 billion kWh (2003) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 6 billion kWh (2003) NA kWh
Electricity - imports 2.45 billion kWh (2003) NA kWh
Electricity - production 60.33 billion kWh (2003) NA kWh
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
NA%

hydro:
NA%

nuclear:
NA%

other:
NA%
Elevation extremes lowest point: Vpadina Kaundy -132 m


highest point: Khan Tangiri Shyngy (Pik Khan-Tengri) 6,995 m
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location on Sark 114 m
Environment - current issues radioactive or toxic chemical sites associated with former defense industries and test ranges scattered throughout the country pose health risks for humans and animals; industrial pollution is severe in some cities; because the two main rivers which flowed into the Aral Sea have been diverted for irrigation, it is drying up and leaving behind a harmful layer of chemical pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then picked up by the wind and blown into noxious dust storms; pollution in the Caspian Sea; soil pollution from overuse of agricultural chemicals and salination from poor infrastructure and wasteful irrigation practices NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
-
Ethnic groups Kazakh (Qazaq) 53.4%, Russian 30%, Ukrainian 3.7%, Uzbek 2.5%, German 2.4%, Tatar 1.7%, Uygur 1.4%, other 4.9% (1999 census) UK and Norman-French descent
Exchange rates tenge per US dollar - 132.88 (2005), 136.04 (2004), 149.58 (2003), 153.28 (2002), 146.74 (2001) Guernsey pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); note - the Guernsey pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch chief of state: President Nursultan A. NAZARBAYEV (chairman of the Supreme Soviet from 22 February 1990, elected president 1 December 1991)


head of government: Prime Minister Daniyal AKHMETOV (since 13 June 2003); Deputy Prime Minister Karim MASIMOV (since 19 January 2006)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (no term limits); election last held 4 December 2005 (next to be held in 2012); prime minister and first deputy prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Nursultan A. NAZARBAYEV reelected president; percent of vote - Nursultan A. NAZARBAYEV 91.1%, Zharmakhan A. TUYAKBAI 6.6%, Alikhan M. BAIMENOV 1.6%


note: President NAZARBAYEV arranged a referendum in 1995 that extended his term of office and expanded his presidential powers: only he can initiate constitutional amendments, appoint and dismiss the government, dissolve Parliament, call referenda at his discretion, and appoint administrative heads of regions and cities
chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)

head of government:
Lieutenant Governor and Commander-in-Chief Lt. Gen. Sir John FOLEY (since NA 2000) and Bailiff De Vic G. CAREY (since NA)

cabinet:
Advisory and Finance Committee appointed by the Assembly of the States

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor appointed by the monarch; bailiff appointed by the monarch
Exports 890,000 bbl/day (2003) $NA
Exports - commodities oil and oil products 58%, ferrous metals 24%, chemicals 5%, machinery 3%, grain, wool, meat, coal (2001) tomatoes, flowers and ferns, sweet peppers, eggplant, other vegetables
Exports - partners Bermuda 12.5%, Russia 11.1%, Germany 10.7%, China 10%, Italy 7.9%, France 7.7%, Romania 4.5%, US 4% (2005) UK (regarded as internal trade)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description sky blue background representing the endless sky and a gold sun with 32 rays soaring above a golden steppe eagle in the center; on the hoist side is a "national ornamentation" in gold white with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) extending to the edges of the flag and a yellow equal-armed cross of William the Conqueror superimposed on the Saint George cross
GDP - purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 6.7%


industry: 38.6%


services: 54.7% (2005 est.)
agriculture:
3%

industry:
10%

services:
87% (2000)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $20,000 (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 9.5% (2005 est.) 5.7% (1999 est.)
Geographic coordinates 48 00 N, 68 00 E 49 28 N, 2 35 W
Geography - note landlocked; Russia leases approximately 6,000 sq km of territory enclosing the Baykonur Cosmodrome; in January 2004, Kazakhstan and Russia extended the lease to 2050 large, deepwater harbor at Saint Peter Port
Heliports 4 (2006) -
Highways - total:
NA km

paved:
NA km

unpaved:
NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 3.3%


highest 10%: 26.5% (2004 est.)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs significant illicit cultivation of cannabis for CIS markets, as well as limited cultivation of opium poppy and ephedra (for the drug ephedrine); limited government eradication of illicit crops; transit point for Southwest Asian narcotics bound for Russia and the rest of Europe -
Imports 47,000 bbl/day (2003) $NA
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment 41%, metal products 28%, foodstuffs 8% (2001) coal, gasoline, oil, machinery and equipment
Imports - partners Russia 35.9%, China 21.4%, Germany 7.1% (2005) UK (regarded as internal trade)
Independence 16 December 1991 (from the Soviet Union) none (British crown dependency)
Industrial production growth rate 4.6% (2005 est.) NA%
Industries oil, coal, iron ore, manganese, chromite, lead, zinc, copper, titanium, bauxite, gold, silver, phosphates, sulfur, iron and steel; tractors and other agricultural machinery, electric motors, construction materials tourism, banking
Infant mortality rate total: 28.3 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 32.88 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 23.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
5 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 7.6% (2005 est.) 3.99% (2000 est.)
International organization participation AsDB, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), NSG, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer) none
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - NA
Irrigated land 35,560 sq km (2003) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court (44 members); Constitutional Council (7 members) Royal Court
Labor force 7.85 million (2005 est.) 31,322 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 20%


industry: 30%


services: 50% (2002 est.)
-
Land boundaries total: 12,012 km


border countries: China 1,533 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,051 km, Russia 6,846 km, Turkmenistan 379 km, Uzbekistan 2,203 km
0 km
Land use arable land: 8.28%


permanent crops: 0.05%


other: 91.67% (2005)
arable land:
NA%

permanent crops:
NA%

permanent pastures:
NA%

forests and woodland:
NA%

other:
NA%
Languages Kazakh (Qazaq, state language) 64.4%, Russian (official, used in everyday business, designated the "language of interethnic communication") 95% (2001 est.) English, French, Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts
Legal system based on civil law system English law and local statute; justice is administered by the Royal Court
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (39 seats; 7 senators are appointed by the president; other members are elected by local government bodies, 2 from each of the 14 oblasts, the capital of Astana, and the city of Almaty, to serve six-year terms; note - formerly composed of 47 seats) and the Mazhilis (77 seats; 10 out of the 77 Mazhilis members are elected from the winning party's lists; members are popularly elected to serve five-year terms)


elections: Senate - (indirect) last held December 2005; next to be held in 2011; Mazhilis - last held 19 September and 3 October 2004 (next to be held in September 2009)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; candidates nominated by local councils; Mazhilis - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Otan 42, AIST 11, ASAR (All Together) 4, Aq Zhol (Bright Path) 1, Democratic Party 1 (party refused to take the seat due to criticism of the election and seat remained unoccupied), independent 18; note - most independent candidates are affiliated with parastatal enterprises and other pro-government institutions
unicameral Assembly of the States; consists of the Bailiff, 10 Douzaine (parish council) representatives, 45 People's Deputies elected by popular franchise, 2 Alderney representatives, HM Procureur (Attorney General), HM Comptroller (Solicitor General) and HM Greffier (Court Recorder and Registrar General)

elections:
last held 12 April 2000 (next to be held NA 2006)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - all independents
Life expectancy at birth total population: 66.89 years


male: 61.56 years


female: 72.52 years (2006 est.)
total population:
79.78 years

male:
76.78 years

female:
82.88 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 98.4%


male: 99.1%


female: 97.7% (1999 est.)
definition:
NA

total population:
NA%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location Central Asia, northwest of China; a small portion west of the Ural River in eastern-most Europe Western Europe, islands in the English Channel, northwest of France
Map references Asia Europe
Maritime claims none (landlocked) exclusive fishing zone:
12 NM

territorial sea:
3 NM
Merchant marine total: 6 ships (1000 GRT or over) 27,173 GRT/43,475 DWT


by type: cargo 2, petroleum tanker 3, refrigerated cargo 1


foreign-owned: 2 (Oman 2) (2006)
none (2000 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches Ground Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces, Naval Force, Republican Guard -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $221.8 million (Ministry of Defense expenditures) (FY02) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.9% (Ministry of Defense expenditures) (FY02) -
National holiday Independence Day, 16 December (1991) Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)
Nationality noun: Kazakhstani(s)


adjective: Kazakhstani
noun:
Channel Islander(s)

adjective:
Channel Islander
Natural hazards earthquakes in the south, mudslides around Almaty NA
Natural resources major deposits of petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, manganese, chrome ore, nickel, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, uranium cropland
Net migration rate -3.33 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) 3.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines condensate 658 km; gas 11,019 km; oil 10,338 km; refined products 1,095 km (2006) -
Political parties and leaders Adilet (Justice) [Maksut NARIKBAYEV, co-chair, Zeynulla ALSHIMBAYEV, co-chair, Bakhytbek AKHMETZHAN, co-chair, Yerkin ONGARBAYEV, co-chair, Tolegan SYDYKOV, co-chair] (formerly Democratic Party of Kazakhstan); Aq Zhol Party (Bright Path) [Alikhan BAIMENOV, chairman]; AUL (Village) [Gani KALIYEV, chairman]; Communist Party of Kazakhstan or KPK [Serikbolsyn ABDILDIN, first secretary]; Communist People's Party of Kazakhstan [Vladislav KOSAREV, first secretary]; Otan [Bakhytzhan ZHUMAGULOV, acting chairman] (the Agrarian, Asar, and Civic parties merged with Otan); Patriots' Party [Gani KASYMOV, chairman]; Rukhaniyat (Spirituality) [Altynshash ZHAGANOVA, chairwoman] none; all independents
Political pressure groups and leaders Adil-Soz [Tamara KALEYEVA]; Almaty Helsinki Group [Ninel FOKINA]; Confederation of Free Trade Unions [Sergei BELKIN]; For a Just Kazakhstan [Bolat ABILOV, Altynbek SARSENBAYEV]; For Fair Elections [Yevgeniy ZHOVTIS, Sabit ZHUSUPOV, Sergey DUVANOV, Ibrash NUSUPBAYEV]; Kazakhstan International Bureau on Human Rights [Yevgeniy ZHOVTIS, executive director]; Pensioners Movement or Pokoleniye [Irina SAVOSTINA, chairwoman]; Republican Network of International Monitors [Dos KUSHIM]; Transparency International [Sergei ZLOTNIKOV] none
Population 15,233,244 (July 2006 est.) 64,342 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 19% (2004 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 0.33% (2006 est.) 0.39% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Saint Peter Port, Saint Sampson
Radio broadcast stations AM 60, FM 17, shortwave 9 (1998) AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - NA
Railways total: 13,700 km


broad gauge: 13,700 km 1.520-m gauge (3,700 km electrified) (2005)
0 km
Religions Muslim 47%, Russian Orthodox 44%, Protestant 2%, other 7% Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Baptist, Congregational, Methodist
Sex ratio at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.55 male(s)/female


total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
at birth:
1.04 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female

total population:
0.94 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: service is poor; equipment antiquated


domestic: intercity by landline and microwave radio relay; mobile cellular systems are available in most of Kazakhstan


international: country code - 7; international traffic with other former Soviet republics and China carried by landline and microwave radio relay and with other countries by satellite and by the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic cable; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
1 submarine cable
Telephones - main lines in use 2.5 million (2004) 44,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular 4.955 million (2005) 12,000 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 12 (plus nine repeaters) (1998) 1 (1997)
Terrain extends from the Volga to the Altai Mountains and from the plains in western Siberia to oases and desert in Central Asia mostly level with low hills in southwest
Total fertility rate 1.89 children born/woman (2006 est.) 1.36 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 8.1% (2005 est.) 0.5% (1999 est.)
Waterways 4,000 km (on the Ertis (Irtysh) (80%) and Syr Darya (Syrdariya) rivers) (2005) none
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