Compare Jersey (2007) - Svalbard (2007)

Compare Jersey (2007) z Svalbard (2007)

	Jersey (2007)	Svalbard (2007)

Administrative divisions	none (British crown dependency); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 12 parishes including Grouville, Saint Brelade, Saint Clement, Saint Helier, Saint John, Saint Lawrence, Saint Martin, Saint Mary, Saint Quen, Saint Peter, Saint Saviour, and Trinity	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 16.9% (male 8,003/female 7,428) 15-64 years: 67.3% (male 30,586/female 30,853) 65 years and over: 15.8% (male 6,388/female 8,063) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products	potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products	-
Airports	1 (2007)	4 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2007)
Area	total: 116 sq km land: 116 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 61,020 sq km land: 61,020 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Spitsbergen and Bjornoya (Bear Island)
Area - comparative	about two-thirds the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than West Virginia
Background	Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. Jersey is a British crown dependency, but is not part of the UK. However, the UK Government is constitutionally responsible for its defense and international representation.	First discovered by the Norwegians in the 12th century, the islands served as an international whaling base during the 17th and 18th centuries. Norway's sovereignty was recognized in 1920; five years later it officially took over the territory.
Birth rate	9.02 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA
Budget	revenues: $829 million expenditures: $851 million (2005)	revenues: $25.07 million expenditures: $NA (2004 est.)
Capital	name: Saint Helier geographic coordinates: 49 11 N, 2 06 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October	name: Longyearbyen geographic coordinates: 78 13 N, 15 33 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate	temperate; mild winters and cool summers	arctic, tempered by warm North Atlantic Current; cool summers, cold winters; North Atlantic Current flows along west and north coasts of Spitsbergen, keeping water open and navigable most of the year
Coastline	70 km	3,587 km
Constitution	unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice	-
Country name	conventional long form: Bailiwick of Jersey conventional short form: Jersey	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Svalbard (sometimes referred to as Spitzbergen)
Death rate	9.32 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	British crown dependency	territory of Norway; administered by the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice, through a governor (sysselmann) residing in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen; by treaty (9 February 1920) sovereignty was awarded to Norway
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (British crown dependency)	-
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (British crown dependency)	-
Disputes - international	none	despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone
Economic aid - recipient	-	$8.2 million from Norway (1998)
Economy - overview	Jersey's economy is based on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. In 2005 the finance sector accounted for about 50% of the island's output. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. Tourism accounts for one-quarter of GDP. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. Living standards come close to those of the UK.	Coal mining is the major economic activity on Svalbard. The treaty of 9 February 1920 gave the 41 signatories equal rights to exploit mineral deposits, subject to Norwegian regulation. Although US, UK, Dutch, and Swedish coal companies have mined in the past, the only companies still mining are Norwegian and Russian. The settlements on Svalbard are essentially company towns. The Norwegian state-owned coal company employs nearly 60% of the Norwegian population on the island, runs many of the local services, and provides most of the local infrastructure. There is also some hunting of seal, reindeer, and fox.
Electricity - consumption	630.1 million kWh (2004 est.)	-
Electricity - imports	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by France	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 143 m	lowest point: Arctic Ocean 0 m highest point: Newtontoppen 1,717 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	Jersey 51.1%, Britons 34.8%, Irish, French, and other white 6.6%, Portuguese/Madeiran 6.4%, other 1.1% (2001 census)	Norwegian 55.4%, Russian and Ukrainian 44.3%, other 0.3% (1998)
Exchange rates	Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.5418 (2006), 0.5493 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002) note: the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound	Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 6.4117 (2006), 6.4425 (2005), 6.7408 (2004), 7.0802 (2003), 7.9838 (2002)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Lieutenant Governor Andrew RIDGEWAY (since 14 June 2006) head of government: Chief Minister Frank WALKER (since December 2005); Bailiff Philip Martin BAILHACHE (since February 1995) cabinet: Cabinet (since December 2005) elections: ministers of the Cabinet including the chief minister are elected by the Assembly of States; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch	chief of state: King HARALD V of Norway (since 17 January 1991) head of government: Governor Per SEFLAND (since 1 October 2005); Assistant Governor Rune Baard HANSEN (since 2003) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor and assistant governor responsible to the Polar Department of the Ministry of Justice
Exports	$NA	$197.6 million (2004)
Exports - commodities	light industrial and electrical goods, foodstuffs, textiles	-
Exports - partners	UK (2006)	-
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	-
Flag description	white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag; in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield with the three lions of England in yellow	the flag of Norway is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 1% industry: 2% services: 97% (2005)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	49 15 N, 2 10 W	78 00 N, 20 00 E
Geography - note	largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier	northernmost part of the Kingdom of Norway; consists of nine main islands; glaciers and snowfields cover 60% of the total area; site of future seed repository under construction by the Global Crop Diversity Trust and the Norwegian Government
Heliports	-	1 (2007)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$NA	$NA
Imports - commodities	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals	-
Imports - partners	UK (2006)	-
Independence	none (British crown dependency)	none (territory of Norway)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	tourism, banking and finance, dairy, electronics	-
Infant mortality rate	total: 5.08 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.44 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.7% (December 2006)	-
International organization participation	-	none
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff)	-
Labor force	53,560 (June 2006)	NA
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (no trees; the only bushes are crowberry and cloudberry) (2005)
Languages	English 94.5% (official), Portuguese 4.6%, other 0.9% (2001 census)	Norwegian, Russian
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply and local statutes; justice is administered by the Royal Court	the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Assembly of the States of Jersey (58 seats; 55 are voting members, of which 12 are senators elected for six-year terms, 12 are constables or heads of parishes elected for three-year terms, 29 are deputies elected for three-year terms, the bailiff and the deputy bailiff, and 3 non-voting members includes the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General, and the Solicitor General appointed by the monarch) elections: last held 19 October 2005 for senators and 23 November 2005 for deputies (next to be held in 2008) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 55	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 79.51 years male: 77.02 years female: 82.2 years (2007 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	NA
Location	Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France	Northern Europe, islands between the Arctic Ocean, Barents Sea, Greenland Sea, and Norwegian Sea, north of Norway
Map references	Europe	Arctic Region
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm	territorial sea: 4 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm unilaterally claimed by Norway but not recognized by Russia
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	demilitarized by treaty on 9 February 1920
National holiday	Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)	-
Nationality	noun: Channel Islander(s) adjective: Channel Islander	-
Natural hazards	NA	ice floes often block the entrance to Bellsund (a transit point for coal export) on the west coast and occasionally make parts of the northeastern coast inaccessible to maritime traffic
Natural resources	arable land	coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, phosphate, wildlife, fish
Net migration rate	2.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	NA
Political parties and leaders	two declared parties: Centre Party; Jersey Democratic Alliance note: all senators and deputies elected in 2005 were independents	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	-
Population	91,321 (July 2007 est.)	2,214 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	0.244% (2007 est.)	-0.007% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 1 (plus 2 repeaters), shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.077 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.991 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.792 male(s)/female total population: 0.971 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	NA (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: submarine cable connectivity to Guernsey and UK	general assessment: probably adequate domestic: local telephone service international: country code - 47-790; satellite earth station - 1 of unknown type (for communication with Norwegian mainland only)
Telephones - main lines in use	73,900 (2001)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	83,900 (2004)	-
Television broadcast stations	2 (1997)	NA
Terrain	gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast	wild, rugged mountains; much of high land ice covered; west coast clear of ice about one-half of the year; fjords along west and north coasts
Total fertility rate	1.58 children born/woman (2007 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	2.2% (2006 est.)	-

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