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Compare Jersey (2001) - Madagascar (2007)

Compare Jersey (2001) z Madagascar (2007)

 Jersey (2001)Madagascar (2007)
 JerseyMadagascar
Administrative divisions none (British crown dependency) 6 provinces (faritany); Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara
Age structure 0-14 years:
17.77% (male 8,214; female 7,667)

15-64 years:
67.59% (male 30,065; female 30,331)

65 years and over:
14.64% (male 5,603; female 7,481) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 43.9% (male 4,297,985/female 4,243,369)


15-64 years: 53% (male 5,117,874/female 5,190,032)


65 years and over: 3.1% (male 270,411/female 329,144) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes; beef, dairy products coffee, vanilla, sugarcane, cloves, cocoa, rice, cassava (tapioca), beans, bananas, peanuts; livestock products
Airports 1 (2000 est.) 104 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 27


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 17


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 77


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 41


under 914 m: 34 (2007)
Area total:
116 sq km

land:
116 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total: 587,040 sq km


land: 581,540 sq km


water: 5,500 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC slightly less than twice the size of Arizona
Background The island of Jersey and the other Channel Islands represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy that held sway in both France and England. These islands were the only British soil occupied by German troops in World War II. Formerly an independent kingdom, Madagascar became a French colony in 1896, but regained its independence in 1960. During 1992-93, free presidential and National Assembly elections were held, ending 17 years of single-party rule. In 1997, in the second presidential race, Didier RATSIRAKA, the leader during the 1970s and 1980s, was returned to the presidency. The 2001 presidential election was contested between the followers of Didier RATSIRAKA and Marc RAVALOMANANA, nearly causing secession of half of the country. In April 2002, the High Constitutional Court announced RAVALOMANANA the winner.
Birth rate 11.28 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 38.6 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$601 million

expenditures:
$588 million, including capital expenditures of $98 million (2000 est.)
revenues: $863.3 million


expenditures: $1.132 billion (2006 est.)
Capital Saint Helier name: Antananarivo


geographic coordinates: 18 55 S, 47 31 E


time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate temperate; mild winters and cool summers tropical along coast, temperate inland, arid in south
Coastline 70 km 4,828 km
Constitution unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice 19 August 1992 by national referendum
Country name conventional long form:
Bailiwick of Jersey

conventional short form:
Jersey
conventional long form: Republic of Madagascar


conventional short form: Madagascar


local long form: Republique de Madagascar/Repoblikan'i Madagasikara


local short form: Madagascar/Madagasikara


former: Malagasy Republic
Currency British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound -
Death rate 9.27 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 8.51 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external none $4.6 billion (2002)
Dependency status British crown dependency -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (British crown dependency) chief of mission: Ambassador James D. McGEE


embassy: 14-16 Rue Rainitovo, Antsahavola, Antananarivo 101


mailing address: B. P. 620, Antsahavola, Antananarivo


telephone: [261] (20) 22-212-57, 22-212-73, 22-209-56


FAX: [261] (20) 22-345-39
Diplomatic representation in the US none (British crown dependency) chief of mission: Ambassador Jocelyn Bertin RADIFERA


chancery: 2374 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 265-5525, 5526


FAX: [1] (202) 265-3034


consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international none claims Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso Islands, and Juan de Nova Island (all administered by France)
Economic aid - recipient none $929.2 million (2005)
Economy - overview The economy is based largely on international financial services, agriculture, and tourism. Potatoes, cauliflower, tomatoes, and especially flowers are important export crops, shipped mostly to the UK. The Jersey breed of dairy cattle is known worldwide and represents an important export income earner. Milk products go to the UK and other EU countries. In 1996 the finance sector accounted for about 60% of the island's output. Tourism, another mainstay of the economy, accounts for 24% of GDP. In recent years, the government has encouraged light industry to locate in Jersey, with the result that an electronics industry has developed alongside the traditional manufacturing of knitwear. All raw material and energy requirements are imported, as well as a large share of Jersey's food needs. Light taxes and death duties make the island a popular tax haven. Having discarded past socialist economic policies, Madagascar has since the mid 1990s followed a World Bank- and IMF-led policy of privatization and liberalization. This strategy placed the country on a slow and steady growth path from an extremely low level. Agriculture, including fishing and forestry, is a mainstay of the economy, accounting for more than one-fourth of GDP and employing 80% of the population. Exports of apparel have boomed in recent years primarily due to duty-free access to the US. Deforestation and erosion, aggravated by the use of firewood as the primary source of fuel, are serious concerns. President RAVALOMANANA has worked aggressively to revive the economy following the 2002 political crisis, which triggered a 12% drop in GDP that year. Poverty reduction and combating corruption will be the centerpieces of economic policy for the next few years.
Electricity - consumption - 973.2 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports NA kWh

note:
electricity supplied by France
0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production - 1.046 billion kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location 143 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Maromokotro 2,876 m
Environment - current issues NA soil erosion results from deforestation and overgrazing; desertification; surface water contaminated with raw sewage and other organic wastes; several endangered species of flora and fauna unique to the island
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups UK and Norman-French descent Malayo-Indonesian (Merina and related Betsileo), Cotiers (mixed African, Malayo-Indonesian, and Arab ancestry - Betsimisaraka, Tsimihety, Antaisaka, Sakalava), French, Indian, Creole, Comoran
Exchange rates Jersey pounds per US dollar - 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); the Jersey pound is at par with the British pound Malagasy ariary per US dollar - 2,161.4 (2006), 2,003 (2005), 1,868.9 (2004), 1,238.3 (2003), 1,366.4 (2002)
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)

head of government:
Lieutenant Governor and Commander in Chief Air Chief Marshall Sir John CHESHIRE (since 24 January 2001) and Bailiff Philip Martin BAILHACHE (since NA February 1995)

cabinet:
committees appointed by the Assembly of the States

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor and bailiff appointed by the monarch
chief of state: President Marc RAVALOMANANA (since 6 May 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Charles RABEMANANJARA (25 January 2007)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 3 December 2006 (next to be held in December 2011); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: percent of vote - Marc RAVALOMANANA 54.8%, Jean LAHINIRIKO 11.7%, Roland RATSIRAKA 10.1%, Herizo RAZAFIMAHALEO 9.1%, Norbert RATSIRAHONANA 4.2%, Ny Hasina ANDRIAMANJATO 4.2%, Elia RAVELOMANANTSOA 2.6%, Pety RAKOTONIAINA 1.7%, other 1.6%
Exports $NA NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities light industrial and electrical goods, foodstuffs, textiles coffee, vanilla, shellfish, sugar, cotton cloth, chromite, petroleum products
Exports - partners UK France 32.1%, US 25.3%, Germany 6.1%, Italy 5.1%, UK 4.1% (2006)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description white with a diagonal red cross extending to the corners of the flag and in the upper quadrant, surmounted by a yellow crown, a red shield holding the three lions of England in yellow two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a vertical white band of the same width on hoist side
GDP purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (1999 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
5%

industry:
2%

services:
93% (1996)
agriculture: 28.2%


industry: 16.3%


services: 55.5% (2006 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $24,800 (1999 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% 4.7% (2006 est.)
Geographic coordinates 49 15 N, 2 10 W 20 00 S, 47 00 E
Geography - note largest and southernmost of Channel Islands; about 30% of population concentrated in Saint Helier world's fourth-largest island; strategic location along Mozambique Channel
Highways total:
577 km (1995)

paved:
NA km

unpaved:
NA km
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 1.9%


highest 10%: 36.6% (2001)
Illicit drugs - illicit producer of cannabis (cultivated and wild varieties) used mostly for domestic consumption; transshipment point for heroin
Imports $NA NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, chemicals capital goods, petroleum, consumer goods, food
Imports - partners UK France 13.9%, China 12%, Iran 9.3%, Mauritius 5.6%, Hong Kong 4.8% (2006)
Independence none (British crown dependency) 26 June 1960 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 3% (2000 est.)
Industries tourism, banking and finance, dairy meat processing, seafood, soap, breweries, tanneries, sugar, textiles, glassware, cement, automobile assembly plant, paper, petroleum, tourism
Infant mortality rate 5.62 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 57.02 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 62.09 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 51.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.7% (1998) 10.8% (2006 est.)
International organization participation - ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) NA -
Irrigated land NA sq km 10,860 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch Royal Court (judges elected by an electoral college and the bailiff) Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; High Constitutional Court or Haute Cour Constitutionnelle
Labor force 57,050 (1996) 7.3 million (2000)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land:
66%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
34%
arable land: 5.03%


permanent crops: 1.02%


other: 93.95% (2005)
Languages English (official), French (official), Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts English (official), French (official), Malagasy (official)
Legal system English law and local statute based on French civil law system and traditional Malagasy law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral Assembly of the States (55 voting members - 12 senators, 12 constables or heads of parishes, 29 deputies; all elected for six-year terms, half elected every third year; the bailiff and the deputy bailiff; and 3 non-voting members - the Dean of Jersey, the Attorney General and the Solicitor General all appointed by the monarch

elections:
last held NA (next to be held NA)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 52
bicameral legislature consists of a National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (127 seats - reduced from 160 seats by an April 2007 national referendum; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and a Senate or Senat (100 seats; two-thirds of the seats filled by regional assemblies; the remaining one-third of seats appointed by the president; to serve four-year terms)


elections: National Assembly - last held 23 September 2007 (next to be held in 2011)


election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - TIM 106, LEADER/Fanilo 1, independents 20
Life expectancy at birth total population:
78.63 years

male:
76.21 years

female:
81.23 years (2001 est.)
total population: 62.14 years


male: 60.23 years


female: 64.1 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
NA

total population:
NA

male:
NA

female:
NA
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 68.9%


male: 75.5%


female: 62.5% (2003 est.)
Location Western Europe, island in the English Channel, northwest of France Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Mozambique
Map references Europe Africa
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
12 NM

territorial sea:
3 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or 100 nm from the 2,500-m deep isobath
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) total: 9 ships (1000 GRT or over) 13,896 GRT/18,466 DWT


by type: cargo 5, passenger/cargo 2, petroleum tanker 2 (2007)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches - People's Armed Forces: Intervention Force, Development Force, and Aeronaval Force (navy and air); National Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1% (2006)
National holiday Liberation Day, 9 May (1945) Independence Day, 26 June (1960)
Nationality noun:
Channel Islander(s)

adjective:
Channel Islander
noun: Malagasy (singular and plural)


adjective: Malagasy
Natural hazards NA periodic cyclones, drought, and locust infestation
Natural resources arable land graphite, chromite, coal, bauxite, salt, quartz, tar sands, semiprecious stones, mica, fish, hydropower
Net migration rate 2.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders none; all independents Association for the Rebirth of Madagascar or AREMA [Pierrot RAJAONARIVELO]; Democratic Party for Union in Madagascar or PSDUM [Jean LAHINIRIKO]; Economic Liberalism and Democratic Action for National Recovery or LEADER/Fanilo [Herizo RAZAFIMAHALEO]; Fihaonana Party or FP [Guy-Willy RAZANAMASY]; I Love Madagascar or TIM [Marc RAVALOMANANA]; Renewal of the Social Democratic Party or RPSD [Evariste MARSON]
Political pressure groups and leaders none Committee for the Defense of Truth and Justice or KMMR; Committee for National Reconciliation or CRN [Albert Zafy]; National Council of Christian Churches or FFKM
Population 89,361 (July 2001 est.) 19,448,815 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 50% (2004 est.)
Population growth rate 0.48% (2001 est.) 3.008% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Gorey, Saint Aubin, Saint Helier -
Radio broadcast stations AM NA, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 2 (plus a number of repeater stations), FM 9, shortwave 6 (2001)
Radios NA -
Railways 0 km total: 854 km


narrow gauge: 854 km 1.000-m gauge (2006)
Religions Anglican, Roman Catholic, Baptist, Congregational New Church, Methodist, Presbyterian indigenous beliefs 52%, Christian 41%, Muslim 7%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.08 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.07 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.75 male(s)/female

total population:
0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.013 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.986 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.822 male(s)/female


total population: 0.992 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage NA years of age; universal adult 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
3 submarine cables
general assessment: system is above average for the region


domestic: open-wire lines, coaxial cables, microwave radio relay, and tropospheric scatter links connect regions


international: country code - 261; submarine cable to Bahrain; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region)
Telephones - main lines in use 65,500 (1997) 129,800 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular 4,400 (1997) 1.046 million (2006)
Television broadcast stations 1 (1997) 1 (plus 36 repeaters) (2001)
Terrain gently rolling plain with low, rugged hills along north coast narrow coastal plain, high plateau and mountains in center
Total fertility rate 1.56 children born/woman (2001 est.) 5.24 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 0.7% (1998 est.) -
Waterways none 600 km (2006)
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