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Compare Guyana (2006) - Burundi (2001)

Compare Guyana (2006) z Burundi (2001)

 Guyana (2006)Burundi (2001)
 GuyanaBurundi
Administrative divisions 10 regions; Barima-Waini, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Demerara-Mahaica, East Berbice-Corentyne, Essequibo Islands-West Demerara, Mahaica-Berbice, Pomeroon-Supenaam, Potaro-Siparuni, Upper Demerara-Berbice, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo 16 provinces; Bubanza, Bujumbura, Bururi, Cankuzo, Cibitoke, Gitega, Karuzi, Kayanza, Kirundo, Makamba, Muramvya, Muyinga, Mwaro, Ngozi, Rutana, Ruyigi
Age structure 0-14 years: 26.2% (male 102,551/female 98,772)


15-64 years: 68.6% (male 265,193/female 260,892)


65 years and over: 5.2% (male 17,043/female 22,794) (2006 est.)
0-14 years:
46.82% (male 1,472,618; female 1,441,548)

15-64 years:
50.37% (male 1,541,131; female 1,593,743)

65 years and over:
2.81% (male 71,984; female 102,873) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products sugarcane, rice, wheat, vegetable oils; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish, shrimp coffee, cotton, tea, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, bananas, manioc (tapioca); beef, milk, hides
Airports 90 (2006) 4 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 9


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


under 914 m: 6 (2006)
total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 81


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 14


under 914 m: 65 (2006)
total:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Area total: 214,970 sq km


land: 196,850 sq km


water: 18,120 sq km
total:
27,830 sq km

land:
25,650 sq km

water:
2,180 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Idaho slightly smaller than Maryland
Background Originally a Dutch colony in the 17th century, by 1815 Guyana had become a British possession. The abolition of slavery led to black settlement of urban areas and the importation of indentured servants from India to work the sugar plantations. This ethnocultural divide has persisted and has led to turbulent politics. Guyana achieved independence from the UK in 1966, and since then it has been ruled mostly by socialist-oriented governments. In 1992, Cheddi JAGAN was elected president in what is considered the country's first free and fair election since independence. After his death five years later, his wife, Jane JAGAN, became president but resigned in 1999 due to poor health. Her successor, Bharrat JAGDEO, was reelected in 2001. Between 1993 and 2000, wide-spread, often intense ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions in Burundi created hundreds of thousands of refugees and left tens of thousands dead. Although some refugees have returned from neighboring countries, continued ethnic strife has forced many others to flee. Burundian troops, seeking to secure their borders, have intervened in the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Birth rate 18.28 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) 40.13 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $320.1 million


expenditures: $362.6 million; including capital expenditures of $93.4 million (2005 est.)
revenues:
$125 million

expenditures:
$176 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital name: Georgetown


geographic coordinates: 6 48 N, 58 10 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Bujumbura
Climate tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two rainy seasons (May to August, November to January) equatorial; high plateau with considerable altitude variation (772 m to 2,670 m above sea level); average annual temperature varies with altitude from 23 to 17 degrees centigrade but is generally moderate as the average altitude is about 1,700 m; average annual rainfall is about 150 cm; wet seasons from February to May and September to November, and dry seasons from June to August and December to January
Coastline 459 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 6 October 1980 13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural political system; supplanted on 6 June 1998 by a Transitional Constitution which enlarged the National Assembly and created two vice presidents
Country name conventional long form: Cooperative Republic of Guyana


conventional short form: Guyana


former: British Guiana
conventional long form:
Republic of Burundi

conventional short form:
Burundi

local long form:
Republika y'u Burundi

local short form:
Burundi

former:
Urundi
Currency - Burundi franc (BIF)
Death rate 8.28 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) 16.36 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $1.2 billion (2002) $1.12 billion (1999 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador David M. ROBINSON


embassy: 100 Young and Duke Streets, Kingston, Georgetown


mailing address: P. O. Box 10507, Georgetown; US Embassy, 3170 Georgetown Place, Washington DC 20521-3170


telephone: [592] 225-4900 through 4909


FAX: [592] 225-8497
chief of mission:
Ambassador Mary Carlin YATES

embassy:
Avenue des Etats-Unis, Bujumbura

mailing address:
B. P. 1720, Bujumbura

telephone:
[257] 223454

FAX:
[257] 222926
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Bayney KARRAN


chancery: 2490 Tracy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 265-6900


FAX: [1] (202) 232-1297


consulate(s) general: New York
chief of mission:
Ambassador Thomas NDIKUMANA

chancery:
Suite 212, 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20007

telephone:
[1] (202) 342-2574

FAX:
[1] (202) 342-2578
Disputes - international all of the area west of the Essequibo (river) is claimed by Venezuela preventing any discussion of a maritime boundary; Guyana has expressed its intention to join Barbados in asserting claims before UNCLOS that Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into their waters; Suriname claims a triangle of land between the New and Kutari/Koetari rivers in a historic dispute over the headwaters of the Courantyne; Guyana seeks arbitration under provisions of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) to resolve the long-standing dispute with Suriname over the axis of the territorial sea boundary in potentially oil-rich waters none
Economic aid - recipient $84 million (1995), Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiative (HIPC) $253 million (1997) $1.344 billion (1999 est.)
Economy - overview The Guyanese economy exhibited moderate economic growth in 2001-02, based on expansion in the agricultural and mining sectors, a more favorable atmosphere for business initiatives, a more realistic exchange rate, fairly low inflation, and the continued support of international organizations. Growth slowed in 2003 and came back gradually in 2004, buoyed largely by increased export earnings; it slowed again in 2005. Chronic problems include a shortage of skilled labor and a deficient infrastructure. The government is juggling a sizable external debt against the urgent need for expanded public investment. The bauxite mining sector should benefit in the near term from restructuring and partial privatization. Export earnings from agriculture and mining have fallen sharply, while the import bill has risen, driven by higher energy prices. Guyana's entrance into the Caricom Single Market and Economy (CSME) in January 2006 might broaden the country's export market, primarily in the raw materials sector. Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The economy is predominantly agricultural with roughly 90% of the population dependent on subsistence agriculture. Its economic health depends on the coffee crop, which accounts for 80% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to pay for imports therefore rests largely on the vagaries of the climate and the international coffee market. Since October 1993 the nation has suffered from massive ethnic-based violence which has resulted in the death of perhaps 250,000 persons and the displacement of about 800,000 others. Only one in four children go to school, and one in nine adults has HIV/AIDS. Foods, medicines, and electricity remain in short supply.
Electricity - consumption 724.5 million kWh (2003) 160.1 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2003) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2003) 29 million kWh

note:
supplied by the Democratic Republic of the Congo (1999)
Electricity - production 779 million kWh (2003) 141 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
0.71%

hydro:
99.29%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Roraima 2,835 m
lowest point:
Lake Tanganyika 772 m

highest point:
Mount Heha 2,670 m
Environment - current issues water pollution from sewage and agricultural and industrial chemicals; deforestation soil erosion as a result of overgrazing and the expansion of agriculture into marginal lands; deforestation (little forested land remains because of uncontrolled cutting of trees for fuel); habitat loss threatens wildlife populations
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups East Indian 50%, black 36%, Amerindian 7%, white, Chinese, and mixed 7% Hutu (Bantu) 85%, Tutsi (Hamitic) 14%, Twa (Pygmy) 1%, Europeans 3,000, South Asians 2,000
Exchange rates Guyanese dollars per US dollar - 200.79 (2005), 198.31 (2004), 193.88 (2003), 190.67 (2002), 187.32 (2001) Burundi francs per US dollar - 782.36 (January 2001), 720.67 (2000), 563.56 (1999), 477.77 (1998), 352.35 (1997), 302.75 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President Bharrat JAGDEO (since 11 August 1999); note - assumed presidency after resignation of President Janet JAGAN and reelected in 2001, and again in 2006


head of government: Prime Minister Samuel HINDS (since October 1992, except for a period as chief of state after the death of President Cheddi JAGAN on 6 March 1997)


cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, responsible to the legislature


elections: president elected by popular vote as leader of a party list in parliamentary elections, which must be held at least every five years (no term limits); elections last held 28 August 2006 (next to be held by August 2011); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: President Bharrat JAGDEO reelected; percent of vote 54.6%
chief of state:
President Pierre BUYOYA (interim president since 27 September 1996, officially sworn in 11 June 1998), First Vice President Frederic BAMVUGINYUMVIRA (since NA June 1998), Second Vice President Mathias SINAMENYE (since NA June 1998); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Pierre BUYOYA (interim president since 27 September 1996, officially sworn in 11 June 1998), First Vice President Frederic BAMVUGINYUMVIRA (since NA June 1998), Second Vice President Mathias SINAMENYE (since NA June 1998); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by president

elections:
NA; current president assumed power following a coup on 25 July 1996 in which former President NTIBANTUNGANYA was overthrown
Exports NA bbl/day $32 million (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities sugar, gold, bauxite/alumina, rice, shrimp, molasses, rum, timber coffee, tea, sugar, cotton, hides
Exports - partners Canada 18.9%, US 18.9%, UK 11.7%, Portugal 8.1%, Jamaica 5.3%, Trinidad and Tobago 4.2% (2005) Germany 17%, Belgium 14%, US 8%, France 6%, Switzerland 4% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description green, with a red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a long, yellow arrowhead; there is a narrow, black border between the red and yellow, and a narrow, white border between the yellow and the green divided by a white diagonal cross into red panels (top and bottom) and green panels (hoist side and outer side) with a white disk superimposed at the center bearing three red six-pointed stars outlined in green arranged in a triangular design (one star above, two stars below)
GDP - purchasing power parity - $4.4 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 37%


industry: 20.3%


services: 42.7% (2005 est.)
agriculture:
50%

industry:
18%

services:
32% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $720 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate -3% (2005 est.) 1.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 5 00 N, 59 00 W 3 30 S, 30 00 E
Geography - note the third-smallest country in South America after Suriname and Uruguay; substantial portions of its western and eastern territories are claimed by Venezuela and Suriname respectively landlocked; straddles crest of the Nile-Congo watershed
Highways - total:
14,480 km

paved:
1,028 km

unpaved:
13,452 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
3.4%

highest 10%:
26.6% (1992)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for narcotics from South America - primarily Venezuela - to Europe and the US; producer of cannabis; rising money laundering related to drug trafficking and human smuggling -
Imports NA bbl/day $110 million (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities manufactures, machinery, petroleum, food capital goods, petroleum products, foodstuffs
Imports - partners US 26.7%, Trinidad and Tobago 23.9%, Cuba 6.6%, UK 5%, China 4.1% (2005) Belgium 20%, Zambia 11%, Kenya 8%, South Africa 5%, France 4% (1999)
Independence 26 May 1966 (from UK) 1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian administration)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 6.3% (1999 est.)
Industries bauxite, sugar, rice milling, timber, textiles, gold mining light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly of imported components; public works construction; food processing
Infant mortality rate total: 32.19 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 35.8 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 28.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
70.74 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6.9% (2005 est.) 22% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, CSN, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OIC, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC, CEPGL, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 1,500 sq km (2003) 140 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Judicature, consisting of the High Court and the Judicial Court of Appeal, with right of final appeal to the Caribbean Court of Justice Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court; Courts of Appeal (there are three in separate locations); Tribunals of First Instance (17 at the province level and 123 small local tribunals)
Labor force 418,000 (2001 est.) 1.9 million
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
NA
Land boundaries total: 2,462 km


border countries: Brazil 1,119 km, Suriname 600 km, Venezuela 743 km
total:
974 km

border countries:
Democratic Republic of the Congo 233 km, Rwanda 290 km, Tanzania 451 km
Land use arable land: 2.23%


permanent crops: 0.14%


other: 97.63% (2005)
arable land:
44%

permanent crops:
9%

permanent pastures:
36%

forests and woodland:
3%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
Languages English, Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area)
Legal system based on English common law with certain admixtures of Roman-Dutch law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on German and Belgian civil codes and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (65 members elected by popular vote, also not more than four non-elected non-voting ministers and two non-elected non-voting parliamentary secretaries appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 28 August 2006 (next to be held by August 2011)


election results: percent of vote by party - PPP/C 54.6%, PNC/R 34%, AFC 8.1%, other 3.3%; seats by party - PPP/C 36, PNC/R 22, AFC 5, other 2
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (121 seats; note - new Transitional Constitution expanded the number of seats from 81 to 121 in 1998; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional basis to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 29 June 1993 (next was scheduled to be held in 1998, but suspended by presidential decree in 1996)

election results:
percent of vote by party - FRODEBU 71.04%, UPRONA 21.4%, other 7.56%; seats by party - FRODEBU 65, UPRONA 16, various other parties 40
Life expectancy at birth total population: 65.86 years


male: 63.21 years


female: 68.65 years (2006 est.)
total population:
46.06 years

male:
45.15 years

female:
46.99 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98.8%


male: 99.1%


female: 98.5% (2003 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
35.3%

male:
49.3%

female:
22.5% (1995 est.)
Location Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Suriname and Venezuela Central Africa, east of Democratic Republic of the Congo
Map references South America Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the outer edge of the continental margin
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total: 7 ships (1000 GRT or over) 12,461 GRT/15,155 DWT


by type: cargo 5, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 1


foreign-owned: 1 (Germany 1)


registered in other countries: 4 (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 3, unknown 1) (2006)
-
Military branches Guyana Defense Force: Ground Forces, Coast Guard, Air Corps (2006) Army (includes naval and air units), paramilitary Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure $6.48 million (2003 est.) $57 million (FY97)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.9% (2003 est.) 6.1% (FY97)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
1,394,273 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
728,326 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 16 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
79,360 (2001 est.)
National holiday Republic Day, 23 February (1970) Independence Day, 1 July (1962)
Nationality noun: Guyanese (singular and plural)


adjective: Guyanese
noun:
Burundian(s)

adjective:
Burundi
Natural hazards flash floods are a constant threat during rainy seasons flooding, landslides, drought
Natural resources bauxite, gold, diamonds, hardwood timber, shrimp, fish nickel, uranium, rare earth oxides, peat, cobalt, copper, platinum (not yet exploited), vanadium, arable land, hydropower
Net migration rate -7.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders Alliance for Change or AFC [Raphael TROTMAN and Khemraj RAMJATTAN]; Guyana Action Party or GAP [Paul HARDY]; Justice for All Party [C.N. SHARMA]; People's National Congress/Reform or PNC/R [Robert Herman Orlando CORBIN]; People's Progressive Party/Civic or PPP/C [Bharrat JAGDEO]; Rise, Organize, and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; The United Force or TUF [Manzoor NADIR]; The Unity Party [Joey JAGAN]; Vision Guyana [Peter RAMSAROOP]; Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPNARAINE] Two national, mainstream governing parties are: Unity for National Progress or UPRONA [Luc RUKINGAMA, president]; Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Jean MINANI, president]

note:
A multiparty system was introduced after 1998, included are: Burundi African Alliance for the Salvation or ABASA [Terrence NSANZE]; Rally for Democracy and Economic and Social Development or RADDES [Joseph NZENZIMANA]; Party for National Redress or PARENA [Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA]; People's Reconciliation Party or PRP [Mathias HITIMANA]
Political pressure groups and leaders Amerindian People's Association; Guyana Citizens Initiative; Guyana Bar Association; Guyana Human Rights Association; Guyana Public Service Union or GPSU; Private Sector Commission; Trades Union Congress Loosely organized Tutsi militias, often affiliated with Tutsi extremist parties
Population 767,245


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2006 est.)
6,223,897

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 36.2% (1990 est.)
Population growth rate 0.25% (2006 est.) 2.38% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Bujumbura
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 440,000 (1997)
Railways total: 187 km


standard gauge: 139 km 1.435-m gauge


narrow gauge: 48 km 0.914-m gauge


note: all dedicated to ore transport (2001 est.)
0 km
Religions Christian 50%, Hindu 35%, Muslim 10%, other 5% Christian 67% (Roman Catholic 62%, Protestant 5%), indigenous beliefs 23%, Muslim 10%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female

total population:
0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal NA years of age; universal adult
Telephone system general assessment: fair system for long-distance service


domestic: microwave radio relay network for trunk lines


international: country code - 592; tropospheric scatter to Trinidad; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment:
primitive system

domestic:
sparse system of open wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relay

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 110,100 (2005) 16,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 281,400 (2005) 619 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 3 (one public station; two private stations which relay US satellite services) (1997) 1 (1999)
Terrain mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south hilly and mountainous, dropping to a plateau in east, some plains
Total fertility rate 2.04 children born/woman (2006 est.) 6.16 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 9.1% (understated) (2000) NA%
Waterways Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km respectively (2005) Lake Tanganyika
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