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Compare Guyana (2002) - Ecuador (2001)

Compare Guyana (2002) z Ecuador (2001)

 Guyana (2002)Ecuador (2001)
 GuyanaEcuador
Administrative divisions 10 regions; Barima-Waini, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Demerara-Mahaica, East Berbice-Corentyne, Essequibo Islands-West Demerara, Mahaica-Berbice, Pomeroon-Supenaam, Potaro-Siparuni, Upper Demerara-Berbice, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo 22 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Azuay, Bolivar, Canar, Carchi, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi, El Oro, Esmeraldas, Galapagos, Guayas, Imbabura, Loja, Los Rios, Manabi, Morona-Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Pichincha, Sucumbios, Tungurahua, Zamora-Chinchipe
Age structure 0-14 years: 27.6% (male 98,198; female 94,397)


15-64 years: 67.4% (male 237,324; female 233,400)


65 years and over: 5% (male 15,510; female 19,380) (2002 est.)
0-14 years:
35.8% (male 2,398,801; female 2,320,537)

15-64 years:
59.81% (male 3,900,193; female 3,984,797)

65 years and over:
4.39% (male 269,372; female 310,278) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products sugar, rice, wheat, vegetable oils; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish (shrimp) bananas, coffee, cocoa, rice, potatoes, manioc (tapioca), plantains, sugarcane; cattle, sheep, pigs, beef, pork, dairy products; balsa wood; fish, shrimp
Airports 51 (2001) 180 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 8


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 5 (2002)
total:
59

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
5

1,524 to 2,437 m:
18

914 to 1,523 m:
15

under 914 m:
19 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 43


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 8


under 914 m: 34 (2002)
total:
121

914 to 1,523 m:
32

under 914 m:
89 (2000 est.)
Area total: 214,970 sq km


land: 196,850 sq km


water: 18,120 sq km
total:
283,560 sq km

land:
276,840 sq km

water:
6,720 sq km

note:
includes Galapagos Islands
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Idaho slightly smaller than Nevada
Background Originally a Dutch colony in the 17th century, by 1815 Guyana had become a British possession. The abolition of slavery led to black settlement of urban areas and the importation of indentured servants from India to work the sugar plantations. This ethnocultural divide has persisted and has led to turbulent politics. Guyana achieved independence from the UK in 1966, but until the early 1990s it was ruled mostly by socialist-oriented governments. In 1992, Cheddi JAGAN was elected president, in what is considered the country's first free and fair election since independence. Upon his death five years later, he was succeeded by his wife Janet, who resigned in 1999 due to poor health. Her successor, Bharrat JAGDEO, was reelected in 2001. The "Republic of the Equator" was one of three countries that emerged from the collapse of Gran Colombia in 1830 (the others being Colombia and Venezuela). Between 1904 and 1942, Ecuador lost territories in a series of conflicts with its neighbors. A border war with Peru that flared in 1995 was resolved in 1999.
Birth rate 17.89 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 25.99 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $227 million


expenditures: $235.2 million, including capital expenditures of $93.4 million (2000) (2000)
revenues:
planned $5.1 billion (not including revenue from potential privatizations)

expenditures:
$5.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999)
Capital Georgetown Quito
Climate tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two rainy seasons (May to mid-August, mid-November to mid-January) tropical along coast, becoming cooler inland at higher elevations; tropical in Amazonian jungle lowlands
Coastline 459 km 2,237 km
Constitution 6 October 1980 10 August 1998
Country name conventional long form: Co-operative Republic of Guyana


conventional short form: Guyana


former: British Guiana
conventional long form:
Republic of Ecuador

conventional short form:
Ecuador

local long form:
Republica del Ecuador

local short form:
Ecuador
Currency Guyanese dollar (GYD) US dollar (USD)
Death rate 9.33 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 5.44 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $1.1 billion (2000) (2000) $15 billion (1999)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Ronald D. GODARD


embassy: 100 Young and Duke Streets, Kingston, Georgetown


mailing address: P. O. Box 10507, Georgetown


telephone: [592] 225-4900 through 4909


FAX: [592] 225-8497
chief of mission:
Ambassador Gwen C. CLARE

embassy:
Avenida 12 de Octubre y Avenida Patria, Quito

mailing address:
APO AA 34039

telephone:
[593] (2) 562-890

FAX:
[593] (2) 502-052

consulate(s) general:
Guayaquil
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Ali Odeen ISHMAEL


chancery: 2490 Tracy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 265-6900


FAX: [1] (202) 232-1297


consulate(s) general: New York
chief of mission:
Ambassador Ivonne A-BAKI

chancery:
2535 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 234-7200

FAX:
[1] (202) 667-3482

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Newark, Philadelphia, and San Francisco
Disputes - international all of the area west of the Essequibo (river) claimed by Venezuela; Suriname claims area between New (Upper Courantyne) and Courantyne/Kutari [Koetari] rivers (all headwaters of the Courantyne); territorial sea boundary with Suriname is in dispute none
Economic aid - recipient $84 million (1995), Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiative (HIPC) $253 million (1997) $695.7 million (1995)
Economy - overview The Guyanese economy has exhibited moderate economic growth since 1999, based on an expansion in the agricultural and mining sectors, a more favorable atmosphere for business initiatives, a more realistic exchange rate, fairly low inflation, and the continued support of international organizations. Chronic problems include a shortage of skilled labor and a deficient infrastructure. The government is juggling a sizable external debt against the urgent need for expanded public investment. Low prices for key mining and agricultural commodities combined with troubles in the bauxite and sugar industries threaten the government's already tenuous fiscal position and dim prospects for 2002. Ecuador has substantial oil resources and rich agricultural areas. Because the country exports primary products such as oil, bananas, and shrimp, fluctuations in world market prices can have a substantial domestic impact. Ecuador joined the World Trade Organization in 1996, but has failed to comply with many of its accession commitments. In recent years, growth has been uneven due to ill-conceived fiscal stabilization measures. The aftermath of El Nino and depressed oil market of 1997-98 drove Ecuador's economy into a free-fall in 1999. The beginning of 1999 saw the banking sector collapse, which helped precipitate an unprecedented default on external loans later that year. Continued economic instability drove a 70% depreciation of the currency throughout 1999, which eventually forced a desperate government to "dollarize" the currency regime in 2000. The move stabilized the currency, but did not stave off the ouster of the government. The new president, Gustavo NOBOA has yet to complete negotiations for a long sought IMF accord. He will find it difficult to push through the reforms necessary to make "dollarization" work in the long run.
Electricity - consumption 469.65 million kWh (2000) 9.386 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) 25 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 505 million kWh (2000) 10.065 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 99%


hydro: 1%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
fossil fuel:
29.51%

hydro:
70.49%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Roraima 2,835 m
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Chimborazo 6,267 m
Environment - current issues water pollution from sewage and agricultural and industrial chemicals; deforestation deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; water pollution; pollution from oil production wastes
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to:
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups East Indian 50%, black 36%, Amerindian 7%, white, Chinese, and mixed 7% mestizo (mixed Amerindian and white) 65%, Amerindian 25%, Spanish and others 7%, black 3%
Exchange rates Guyanese dollars per US dollar - 189.5 (December 2001), 187.3 (2001), 182.4 (2000), 178.0 (1999), 150.5 (1998), 142.4 (1997) sucres per US dollar - 25,000 (January 2001), 24,988.4 (2000), 11,786.8 (1999), 5,446.6 (1998), 3,988.3 (1997), 3,189.5 (1996)

note:
on 7 January 2000, the government passed a decree "dollarizing" the economy; on 13 March 2000, the National Congress approved a new exchange system whereby the US dollar is adopted as the main legal tender in Ecuador for all purposes; on 20 March 2000, the Central Bank of Ecuador started to exchange sucres for US dollars at a fixed rate of 25,000 sucres per US dollar; since 30 April 2000, all transactions are denominated in US dollars
Executive branch chief of state: President Bharrat JAGDEO (since 11 August 1999); note - assumed presidency after resignation of President JAGAN


head of government: Prime Minister Samuel HINDS (since NA December 1997)


cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, responsible to the legislature


elections: president elected by the majority party in the National Assembly following legislative elections, which must be held at least every five years; elections last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held by March 2006); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: President Bharrat JAGDEO reelected; percent of legislative vote - NA%
chief of state:
President Gustavo NOBOA Bejarano (since 22 January 2000) selected president following coup that deposed President MAHUAD; Vice President Pedro PINTO Rubianes (since 28 January 2000) elected by National Congress from a slate of candidates submitted by President NABOA; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Gustavo NOBOA Bejarano (since 22 January 2000) selected president following coup that deposed President MAHUAD; Vice President Pedro PINTO Rubianes (since 28 January 2000) elected by National Congress from a slate of candidates submitted by President NABOA; note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year term (no reelection); election last held 31 May 1998; runoff election held 12 July 1998 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
results of the last election prior to the coup were: Jamil MAHUAD elected president; percent of vote - 51%

note:
a military-indigenous coup toppled democratically elected President Jamil MAHAUD on 21 January 2000; the military quickly handed power over to Vice President Gustavo NOBOA on 22 January; National Congress then elected a new vice president from a slate of candidates submitted by NOBOA; the new administration is scheduled to complete the remainder of MAHAUD's term, due to expire in January 2003
Exports $505 million f.o.b. (2000) $5.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities sugar, gold, bauxite/alumina, rice, shrimp, molasses, rum, timber petroleum, bananas, shrimp, coffee, cocoa, cut flowers, fish
Exports - partners Canada 22%, US 22%, UK 18%, Netherlands Antilles 11% (1999) US 37%, Colombia 5%, Italy 5%, Chile 5%, Peru 4% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description green, with a red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a long, yellow arrowhead; there is a narrow, black border between the red and yellow, and a narrow, white border between the yellow and the green three horizontal bands of yellow (top, double width), blue, and red with the coat of arms superimposed at the center of the flag; similar to the flag of Colombia which is shorter and does not bear a coat of arms
GDP purchasing power parity - $2.5 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $37.2 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 36%


industry: 32%


services: 32% (2000) (2000)
agriculture:
14%

industry:
36%

services:
50% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,900 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 2.8% (2001 est.) 0.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 5 00 N, 59 00 W 2 00 S, 77 30 W
Geography - note the third-smallest country in South America after Suriname and Uruguay; substantial portions of its western and eastern territories are claimed by Venezuela and Suriname respectively Cotopaxi in Andes is highest active volcano in world
Heliports - 1 (2000 est.)
Highways total: 7,970 km


paved: 590 km


unpaved: 7,380 km (1996)
total:
43,197 km

paved:
8,165 km

unpaved:
35,032 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
2.2%

highest 10%:
33.8% (1995)
Illicit drugs transshipment point for narcotics from South America - primarily Venezuela - to Europe and the US; producer of cannabis significant transit country for cocaine and derivatives of coca originating in Colombia and Peru; importer of precursor chemicals used in production of illicit narcotics; important money-laundering hub; increased activity on the northern frontier by trafficking groups and Colombian insurgents
Imports $585 million c.i.f. (2000) $3.4 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities manufactures, machinery, petroleum, food machinery and equipment, raw materials, fuels; consumer goods
Imports - partners US 29%, Trinidad and Tobago 18%, Netherlands Antilles 16%, UK 7% (1999) US 30%, Colombia 13%, Venezuela 6%, Japan 5%, Venezuela 6%, Mexico 3% (1998)
Independence 26 May 1966 (from UK) 24 May 1822 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate 7.1% (1997 est.) 2.4% (1997 est.)
Industries bauxite, sugar, rice milling, timber, textiles, gold mining petroleum, food processing, textiles, metal work, paper products, wood products, chemicals, plastics, fishing, lumber
Infant mortality rate 38.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) 34.08 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 6% (2001 est.) 96% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CCC, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OIC, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO CAN, CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-11, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 3 (2000) 13 (2000)
Irrigated land 1,500 sq km (1998 est.) 5,560 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Judicature; Judicial Court of Appeal; High Court Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (new justices are elected by the full Supreme Court)
Labor force 418,000 (2001 est.) 4.2 million
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% agriculture 30%, industry 25%, services 45% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries total: 2,462 km


border countries: Brazil 1,119 km, Suriname 600 km, Venezuela 743 km
total:
2,010 km

border countries:
Colombia 590 km, Peru 1,420 km
Land use arable land: 2.44%


permanent crops: 0.08%


other: 97.48% (1998 est.)
arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
5%

permanent pastures:
18%

forests and woodland:
56%

other:
15% (1993 est.)
Languages English, Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu Spanish (official), Amerindian languages (especially Quechua)
Legal system based on English common law with certain admixtures of Roman-Dutch law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (68 seats, 65 elected by popular vote, 1 elected Speaker of the National Assembly, and 2 nonvoting members appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPP/C 34, PNC 27, GAP and WPA 2, ROAR 1, TUF 1
unicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional (121 seats; 79 members are popularly elected at-large nationally to serve four-year terms; 42 members are popularly elected by province - two per province - for four-year terms)

elections:
last held 31 May 1998 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - DP 32, PSC 27, PRE 24, ID 18, P-NP 9, FRA 5, PCE 3, MPD 2, CFP 1; note - defections by members of National Congress are commonplace, resulting in frequent changes in the numbers of seats held by the various parties
Life expectancy at birth total population: 62.59 years


male: 59.96 years


female: 65.34 years (2002 est.)
total population:
71.33 years

male:
68.52 years

female:
74.28 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98.1%


male: 98.6%


female: 97.5% (1995 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
90.1%

male:
92%

female:
88.2% (1995 est.)
Location Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Suriname and Venezuela Western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between Colombia and Peru
Map references South America South America
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200 NM or to the outer edge of the continental margin


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
continental shelf:
claims continental shelf between mainland and Galapagos Islands

territorial sea:
200 NM
Merchant marine total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,929 GRT/4,507 DWT


ships by type: cargo 2 (2002 est.)
total:
30 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 233,312 GRT/385,784 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 2, chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas 1, passenger 3, petroleum tanker 22, specialized tanker 1 (2000 est.)
Military branches Guyana Defense Force (including Ground Forces, Coast Guard, and Air Corps), Guyana Police Force, Guyana People's Militia, Guyana National Service Army (Ejercito Ecuatoriano), Navy (Armada Ecuatoriana, includes Marines), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Ecuatoriana), National Police (Policia Nacional)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA $720 million (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% 3.4% (FY98)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 206,199 (2002 est.) males age 15-49:
3,382,567 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 155,058 (2002 est.) males age 15-49:
2,280,899 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 20 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
132,978 (2001 est.)
National holiday Republic Day, 23 February (1970) Independence Day (independence of Quito), 10 August (1809)
Nationality noun: Guyanese (singular and plural)


adjective: Guyanese
noun:
Ecuadorian(s)

adjective:
Ecuadorian
Natural hazards flash floods are a constant threat during rainy seasons frequent earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity; periodic droughts
Natural resources bauxite, gold, diamonds, hardwood timber, shrimp, fish petroleum, fish, timber, hydropower
Net migration rate -6.28 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) -0.55 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 800 km; petroleum products 1,358 km
Political parties and leaders Alliance for Guyana or AFG (includes Guyana Labor Party or GLP and Working People's Alliance or WPA) [Rupert ROOPNARAINE]; Guyana Action Party or GAP [Paul HARDY]; Guyana Labor Party or GLP [leader NA]; People's National Congress or PNC [Hugh Desmond HOYTE]; People's Progressive Party/Civic or PPP/C [Bharrat JAGDEO]; Rise, Organize, and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; The United Force or TUF [Manzoor NADIR]; Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPNARAINE] Concentration of Popular Forces or CFP [Averroes BUCARAM]; Democratic Left or ID [Rodrigo BORJA Cevallos]; Ecuadorian Conservative Party or PCE [Sixto DURAN Ballen]; Independent National Movement or MIN [leader NA]; Pachakutik-New Country or P-NP [Rafael PANDAM]; Popular Democracy or DP [Ramiro RIVERA]; Popular Democratic Movement or MPD [leader NA]; Radical Alfarista Front or FRA [Fabian ALARCON, director]; Roldosist Party or PRE [Abdala BUCARAM Ortiz, director]; Social Christian Party or PSC [Jaime NEBOT Saadi, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders Civil Liberties Action Committee or CLAC; Guyana Council of Indian Organizations or GCIO; Trades Union Congress or TUC


note: the GCIO and the CLAC are small and active but not well organized
Confederation of Indigenous Nationalities of Ecuador or CONAIE [Antonio VARGAS]; Coordinator of Social Movements or CMS [F. Napoleon SANTOS]; Popular Front or FP [Luis VILLACIS]
Population 698,209


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)
13,183,978 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 50% (1999 est.)
Population growth rate 0.23% (2002 est.) 2% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Bartica, Georgetown, Linden, New Amsterdam, Parika Esmeraldas, Guayaquil, La Libertad, Manta, Puerto Bolivar, San Lorenzo
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 392, FM 27, shortwave 29 (1998)
Radios 420,000 (1997) 4.15 million (1997)
Railways total: 187 km


standard gauge: 139 km 1.435-m gauge


narrow gauge: 48 km 0.914-m gauge


note: all dedicated to ore transport (2001 est.)
total:
965 km

narrow gauge:
965 km 1.067-m gauge (2000)
Religions Christian 50%, Hindu 35%, Muslim 10%, other 5% Roman Catholic 95%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.87 male(s)/female

total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal, compulsory for literate persons ages 18-65, optional for other eligible voters
Telephone system general assessment: fair system for long-distance calling


domestic: microwave radio relay network for trunk lines


international: tropospheric scatter to Trinidad; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
facilities generally inadequate and unreliable

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 70,000 (2000) 899,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 6,100 (2000) 160,061 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 3 (one public station; two private stations which relay US satellite services) (1997) 15 (including one station on the Galapagos Islands) (1997)
Terrain mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente)
Total fertility rate 2.09 children born/woman (2002 est.) 3.12 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 9.1% (2000) (understated) (2000) 13%; note - widespread underemployment (2000 est.)
Waterways 5,900 km (total length of navigable waterways)


note: Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km, respectively
1,500 km
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