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Compare Guyana (2001) - Cameroon (2001)

Compare Guyana (2001) z Cameroon (2001)

 Guyana (2001)Cameroon (2001)
 GuyanaCameroon
Administrative divisions 10 regions; Barima-Waini, Cuyuni-Mazaruni, Demerara-Mahaica, East Berbice-Corentyne, Essequibo Islands-West Demerara, Mahaica-Berbice, Pomeroon-Supenaam, Potaro-Siparuni, Upper Demerara-Berbice, Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo 10 provinces; Adamaoua, Centre, Est, Extreme-Nord, Littoral, Nord, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud, Sud-Ouest
Age structure 0-14 years:
28.19% (male 100,194; female 96,309)

15-64 years:
66.89% (male 234,976; female 231,360)

65 years and over:
4.92% (male 15,324; female 19,018) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
42.37% (male 3,385,898; female 3,310,504)

15-64 years:
54.28% (male 4,305,354; female 4,271,958)

65 years and over:
3.35% (male 244,419; female 285,087) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products sugar, rice, wheat, vegetable oils; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; forest and fishery potential not exploited coffee, cocoa, cotton, rubber, bananas, oilseed, grains, root starches; livestock; timber
Airports 51 (2000 est.) 49 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
6

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total:
11

over 3,047 m:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
45

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
8

under 914 m:
36 (2000 est.)
total:
38

1,524 to 2,437 m:
7

914 to 1,523 m:
21

under 914 m:
10 (2000 est.)
Area total:
214,970 sq km

land:
196,850 sq km

water:
18,120 sq km
total:
475,440 sq km

land:
469,440 sq km

water:
6,000 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Idaho slightly larger than California
Background Guyana achieved independence from the UK in 1966 and became a republic in 1970. In 1989 Guyana launched an Economic Recovery Program, which marked a dramatic reversal from a state-controlled, socialist economy towards a more open, free market system. Results through the first decade have proven encouraging. The former French Cameroon and part of British Cameroon merged in 1961 to form the present country. Cameroon has generally enjoyed stability, which has permitted the development of agriculture, roads, and railways, as well as a petroleum industry. Despite movement toward democratic reform, political power remains firmly in the hands of an ethnic oligarchy.
Birth rate 17.92 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 36.12 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$220.1 million

expenditures:
$286.4 million, including capital expenditures of $86.6 million (1998)
revenues:
$2.1 billion

expenditures:
$2.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY00/01 est.)
Capital Georgetown Yaounde
Climate tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two rainy seasons (May to mid-August, mid-November to mid-January) varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to semiarid and hot in north
Coastline 459 km 402 km
Constitution 6 October 1980 20 May 1972 approved by referendum; 2 June 1972 formally adopted; revised January 1996
Country name conventional long form:
Co-operative Republic of Guyana

conventional short form:
Guyana

former:
British Guiana
conventional long form:
Republic of Cameroon

conventional short form:
Cameroon

former:
French Cameroon
Currency Guyanese dollar (GYD) Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Death rate 8.87 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 11.99 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $1.1 billion (2000) $10.9 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Ronald D. GODARD

embassy:
100 Young and Duke Streets, Kingston, Georgetown

mailing address:
P. O. Box 10507, Georgetown

telephone:
[592] (2) 54900 through 54909, 57960 through 57969

FAX:
[592] (2) 58497
chief of mission:
Ambassador John M. YATES

embassy:
Rue Nachtigal, Yaounde

mailing address:
P. O. Box 817, Yaounde; pouch: American Embassy, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2520

telephone:
[237] 23-40-14, 22-25-89, 23-05-12, 22-17-94

FAX:
[237] 23-07-53

branch office(s):
Douala
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Dr. Ali Odeen ISHMAEL

chancery:
2490 Tracy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 265-6900

consulate(s) general:
New York
chief of mission:
Ambassador Jerome MENDOUGA

chancery:
2349 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 265-8790

FAX:
[1] (202) 387-3826
Disputes - international all of the area west of the Essequibo (river) claimed by Venezuela; Suriname claims area between New (Upper Courantyne) and Courantyne/Kutari [Koetari] rivers (all headwaters of the Courantyne) delimitation of international boundaries in the vicinity of Lake Chad, the lack of which led to border incidents in the past, is complete and awaits ratification by Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria; tripartite maritime boundary and economic zone dispute with Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria is currently before the ICJ
Economic aid - recipient $84 million (1995), Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiative (HIPC) $253 million (1997) on 23 January 2001, the Paris Club agreed to reduce Cameroon's debt of $1.3 billion by $900 million; total debt relief now amounts to $1.26 billion
Economy - overview Severe drought and political turmoil contributed to Guyana's negative growth of -1.8% for 1998 following six straight years of growth of 5% or better. Growth came back to a positive 1.8% in 1999 and 3% in 2000. Underlying growth factors have included expansion in the key agricultural and mining sectors, a more favorable atmosphere for business initiative, a more realistic exchange rate, a moderate inflation rate, and continued support by international organizations. President JAGDEO, the former finance minister, is taking steps to reform the economy, including drafting an investment code and restructuring the inefficient and unresponsive public sector. Problems include a shortage of skilled labor and a deficient infrastructure. The government must persist in efforts to manage its sizable external debt and attract new investment. Because of its oil resources and favorable agricultural conditions, Cameroon has one of the best-endowed primary commodity economies in sub-Saharan Africa. Still, it faces many of the serious problems facing other underdeveloped countries, such as a top-heavy civil service and a generally unfavorable climate for business enterprise. Since 1990, the government has embarked on various IMF and World Bank programs designed to spur business investment, increase efficiency in agriculture, improve trade, and recapitalize the nation's banks. In June 2000, the government completed an IMF-sponsored, three-year structural adjustment program; however, the IMF is pressing for more reforms, including increased budget transparency and privatization. Higher oil prices in 2000 helped to offset the country's lower cocoa export revenues. A rebound in the cocoa market should increase growth to over 5% in 2001.
Electricity - consumption 423.2 million kWh (1999) 3.227 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 455 million kWh (1999) 3.47 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
98.9%

hydro:
1.1%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
2.59%

hydro:
97.41%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Roraima 2,835 m
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Fako 4,095 m
Environment - current issues water pollution from sewage and agricultural and industrial chemicals; deforestation water-borne diseases are prevalent; deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; poaching; overfishing
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94

signed, but not ratified:
Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups East Indian 49%, black 32%, mixed 12%, Amerindian 6%, white and Chinese 1% Cameroon Highlanders 31%, Equatorial Bantu 19%, Kirdi 11%, Fulani 10%, Northwestern Bantu 8%, Eastern Nigritic 7%, other African 13%, non-African less than 1%
Exchange rates Guyanese dollars per US dollar - 184.1 (November 2000), 182.2 (2000), 178.0 (1999), 150.5 (1998), 142.4 (1997), 140.4 (1996) Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996); note - from 1 January 1999, the XAF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XAF per euro
Executive branch chief of state:
President Bharrat JAGDEO (since 11 August 1999); note - assumed presidency after resignation of President JAGAN

head of government:
Prime Minister Samuel HINDS (since NA December 1997)

cabinet:
Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president, responsible to the legislature

elections:
president elected by the majority party in the National Assembly following legislative elections, which must be held at least every five years; elections last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held NA); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
President Bharrat JAGDEO reelected; percent of legislative vote - NA%
chief of state:
President Paul BIYA (since 6 November 1982)

head of government:
Prime Minister Peter Mafany MUSONGE (since 19 September 1996)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president from proposals submitted by the Prime Minister

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 12 October 1997 (next to be held NA October 2004); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
President Paul BIYA reelected; percent of vote - Paul BIYA 92.6%; note - supporters of the opposition candidates boycotted the elections, making a comparison of vote shares relatively meaningless
Exports $570 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $2.1 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities sugar, gold, bauxite/alumina, rice, shrimp, molasses, rum, timber crude oil and petroleum products, lumber, cocoa beans, aluminum, coffee, cotton
Exports - partners US 22%, Canada 22%, UK 18%, Netherlands Antilles 11%, Jamaica (1999) Italy 24%, France 18%, Netherlands 10% (2000 est.)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 July - 30 June
Flag description green, with a red isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a long, yellow arrowhead; there is a narrow, black border between the red and yellow, and a narrow, white border between the yellow and the green three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), red, and yellow with a yellow five-pointed star centered in the red band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP purchasing power parity - $3.4 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $26 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
34.7%

industry:
32.5%

services:
32.8% (1998 est.)
agriculture:
43.4%

industry:
20.1%

services:
36.5% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $4,800 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2000 est.) 4.4% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 5 00 N, 59 00 W 6 00 N, 12 00 E
Geography - note - sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa
Highways total:
7,970 km

paved:
590 km

unpaved:
7,380 km (1996)
total:
34,300 km

paved:
4,288 km

unpaved:
30,012 km (1995)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs transshipment point for narcotics from South America - primarily Venezuela - to Europe and the US; producer of cannabis -
Imports $660 million (c.i.f., 2000 est.) $1.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities manufactures, machinery, petroleum, food machines and electrical equipment, transport equipment, fuel, food
Imports - partners US 29%, Trinidad and Tobago 18%, Netherlands Antilles 16%, UK 7%, Japan (1999) France 29%, Germany 7%, US 6%, Japan 6% (2000 est.)
Independence 26 May 1966 (from UK) 1 January 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate 7.1% (1997 est.) 4.2% (1999 est.)
Industries bauxite, sugar, rice milling, timber, fishing (shrimp), textiles, gold mining petroleum production and refining, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber
Infant mortality rate 38.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 69.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 5.9% (2000 est.) 2% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, C, Caricom, CCC, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OIC, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, BDEAC, C, CCC, CEEAC, CEMAC, ECA, FAO, FZ, G-19, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 3 (2000) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 1,300 sq km (1993 est.) 210 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Judicature; Judicial Court of Appeal; High Court Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); High Court of Justice (consists of nine judges and 6 substitute judges, elected by the National Assembly)
Labor force 245,492 (1992) NA
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% agriculture 70%, industry and commerce 13%, other 17%
Land boundaries total:
2,462 km

border countries:
Brazil 1,119 km, Suriname 600 km, Venezuela 743 km
total:
4,591 km

border countries:
Central African Republic 797 km, Chad 1,094 km, Republic of the Congo 523 km, Equatorial Guinea 189 km, Gabon 298 km, Nigeria 1,690 km
Land use arable land:
2%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
84%

other:
8% (1993 est.)
arable land:
13%

permanent crops:
2%

permanent pastures:
4%

forests and woodland:
78%

other:
3% (1993 est.)
Languages English, Amerindian dialects, Creole, Hindi, Urdu 24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official)
Legal system based on English common law with certain admixtures of Roman-Dutch law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on French civil law system, with common law influence; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (65 seats, 53 elected by popular vote, 10 elected by the ten Regional Democratic Councils, and 2 elected by the National Congress of Local Democratic Organs; members serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 19 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2006)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPP/C 34, PNC 27, GAP and WPA 2, ROAR 1, TUF 1
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (180 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms; note - the president can either lengthen or shorten the term of the legislature)

elections:
last held 17 May 1997 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RDCP 109, SDF 43, UNDP 13, UDC 5, UPC-K 1, MDR 1, MLJC 1; note - results from 7 contested seats were cancelled by the Supreme Court, further elections on 3 August 1997 gave these seats to the RDPC

note:
the constitution calls for an upper chamber for the legislature, to be called a Senate, but it has yet to be established
Life expectancy at birth total population:
63.31 years

male:
60.52 years

female:
66.24 years (2001 est.)
total population:
54.59 years

male:
53.76 years

female:
55.44 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
98.1%

male:
98.6%

female:
97.5% (1995 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
63.4%

male:
75%

female:
52.1% (1995 est.)
Location Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Suriname and Venezuela Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria
Map references South America Africa
Maritime claims continental shelf:
200 NM or to the outer edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea:
50 NM
Merchant marine total:
2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,929 GRT/4,507 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 2 (2000 est.)
-
Military branches Guyana Defense Force (GDF; includes Ground Forces, Coast Guard, and Air Corps), Guyana People's Militia (GPM), Guyana National Service (GNS), Guyana Police Force Army, Navy (includes Naval Infantry), Air Force, National Gendarmerie, Presidential Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure $7 million (FY94) $118.6 million (FY00/01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.7% (FY94) 1.4% (FY98/99)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
204,938 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
3,762,369 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
154,259 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
1,903,149 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
174,308 (2001 est.)
National holiday Republic Day, 23 February (1970) Republic Day, 20 May (1972)
Nationality noun:
Guyanese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Guyanese
noun:
Cameroonian(s)

adjective:
Cameroonian
Natural hazards flash floods are a constant threat during rainy seasons recent volcanic activity with release of poisonous gases
Natural resources bauxite, gold, diamonds, hardwood timber, shrimp, fish petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber, hydropower
Net migration rate -8.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders Alliance for Guyana or AFG (includes Guyana Labor Party or GLP and Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPNARINE]; Guyana Action Party or GAP [leader NA]; Guyana Labor Party or GLP [leader NA]; People's National Congress or PNC [Hugh Desmond HOYTE]; People's Progressive Party or PPP [Janet JAGEN]; Rise, Organize and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; The United Force or TUF [Manzoor NADIR]; Working People's Alliance or WPA [Rupert ROOPARNINE] Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC [Adamou NDAM NJOYA]; Democratic Rally of the Cameroon People or RDCP [Paul BIYA]; Movement for the Defense of the Republic or MDR [Dakole DAISSALA]; Movement for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC [leader NA]; Movement for the Youth of Cameroon or MLJC [Marcel YONDO]; National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Maigari BELLO BOUBA, chairman]; Social Democratic Front or SDF [John FRU NDI]; Union of Cameroonian Populations has two sections UPC-N [Ndeh NTUMAZAH] and UPC-K [Augustin Frederic KODOCK]
Political pressure groups and leaders Civil Liberties Action Committee or CLAC; Guyana Council of Indian Organizations or GCIO; Rise, Organize and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; Trades Union Congress or TUC

note:
the GCIO and the CLAC are small and active but not well organized
Cameroon Anglophone Movement or CAM [Vishe FAI, secretary general]; Southern Cameroon National Council [Nfor Ngala NFOR, acting]
Population 697,181

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
15,803,220

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 48% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate 0.07% (2001 est.) 2.41% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Bartica, Georgetown, Linden, New Amsterdam, Parika Bonaberi, Douala, Garoua, Kribi, Tiko
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 3, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 11, FM 8, shortwave 3 (1998)
Radios 420,000 (1997) 2.27 million (1997)
Railways total:
187 km (all dedicated to ore transport)

standard gauge:
139 km 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge:
48 km 0.914-m gauge
total:
1,104 km

narrow gauge:
1,104 km 1.000-m gauge (1995 est.)
Religions Christian 50%, Hindu 33%, Muslim 9%, other 8% indigenous beliefs 40%, Christian 40%, Muslim 20%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.81 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.86 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 20 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
fair system for long-distance calling

domestic:
microwave radio relay network for trunk lines

international:
tropospheric scatter to Trinidad; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment:
available only to business and government

domestic:
cable, microwave radio relay, and tropospheric scatter

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 70,000 (2000) 75,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 6,100 (2000) 4,200 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 3 (one public station; two private stations which relay US satellite services) (1997) 1 (1998)
Terrain mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north
Total fertility rate 2.1 children born/woman (2001 est.) 4.8 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 12% (1992 est.) 30% (1998 est.)
Waterways 5,900 km (total length of navigable waterways)

note:
Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km, respectively
2,090 km (of decreasing importance)
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