Compare Grenada (2004) - Tonga (2003)

Compare Grenada (2004) z Tonga (2003)

	Grenada (2004)	Tonga (2003)

Administrative divisions	6 parishes and 1 dependency; Carriacou and Petit Martinique, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick	3 island groups; Ha'apai, Tongatapu, Vava'u
Age structure	0-14 years: 34.5% (male 15,580; female 15,212) 15-64 years: 62% (male 29,321; female 26,104) 65 years and over: 3.5% (male 1,467; female 1,673) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 38.2% (male 21,085; female 20,265) 15-64 years: 57.6% (male 30,785; female 31,532) 65 years and over: 4.1% (male 1,973; female 2,501) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, mace, citrus, avocados, root crops, sugarcane, corn, vegetables	squash, coconuts, copra, bananas, vanilla beans, cocoa, coffee, ginger, black pepper; fish
Airports	3 (2003 est.)	6 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Area	total: 344 sq km land: 344 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 748 sq km land: 718 sq km water: 30 sq km
Area - comparative	twice the size of Washington, DC	four times the size of Washington, DC
Background	One of the smallest independent countries in the western hemisphere, Grenada was seized by a Marxist military council on 19 October 1983. Six days later the island was invaded by US forces and those of six other Caribbean nations, which quickly captured the ringleaders and their hundreds of Cuban advisers. Free elections were reinstituted the following year.	The archipelago of "The Friendly Islands" was united into a Polynesian kingdom in 1845. It became a constitutional monarchy in 1875 and a British protectorate in 1900. Tonga acquired its independence in 1970 and became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. It remains the only monarchy in the Pacific.
Birth rate	22.61 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	24.51 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $85.8 million expenditures: $102.1 million, including capital expenditures of $28 million (1997)	revenues: $39.9 million expenditures: $52.4 million, including capital expenditures of $1.9 million (FY 99/00 est.)
Capital	Saint George's	Nuku'alofa
Climate	tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds	tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)
Coastline	121 km	419 km
Constitution	19 December 1973	4 November 1875, revised 1 January 1967
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Grenada	conventional long form: Kingdom of Tonga conventional short form: Tonga former: Friendly Islands
Currency	East Caribbean dollar (XCD)	pa'anga (TOP)
Death rate	7.31 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	5.54 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$196 million (2000)	$57.5 million (June 2001)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: the US Ambassador to Barbados, Ambassador Mary E. KRAMER, is accredited to Grenada embassy: Lance-aux-Epines Stretch, Saint George's mailing address: P. O. Box 54, Saint George's, Grenada, West Indies telephone: [1] (473) 444-1173 through 1176 FAX: [1] (473) 444-4820	the US does not have an embassy in Tonga; the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Tonga
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Denis G. ANTOINE chancery: 1701 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 265-2561 FAX: [1] (202) 265-2468 consulate(s) general: New York	chief of mission: Ambassador Sonatane T. T. TUPOU chancery: 250 East 51st Street, New York, NY 10022 telephone: [1] (917) 369-1136 FAX: [1] (917) 369-1024 consulate(s) general: San Francisco
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$8.3 million (1995)	Australia $5.5 million, New Zealand $2.3 million (FY01/02)
Economy - overview	Grenada relies on tourism as its main source of foreign exchange, especially since the construction of an international airport in 1985. Strong performances in construction and manufacturing, together with the development of an offshore financial industry, have also contributed to growth in national output.	Tonga has a small, open economy with a narrow export base in agricultural goods. Squash, coconuts, bananas, and vanilla beans are the main crops, and agricultural exports make up two-thirds of total exports. The country must import a high proportion of its food, mainly from New Zealand. Tourism is the second-largest source of hard currency earnings following remittances. The country remains dependent on external aid and remittances from Tongan communities overseas to offset its trade deficit. The government is emphasizing the development of the private sector, especially the encouragement of investment, and is committing increased funds for health and education. Tonga has a reasonably sound basic infrastructure and well-developed social services.
Electricity - consumption	128.3 million kWh (2001)	25.36 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	138 million kWh (2001)	27.27 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Mount Saint Catherine 840 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Kao Island 1,033 m
Environment - current issues	NA	deforestation results as more and more land is being cleared for agriculture and settlement; some damage to coral reefs from starfish and indiscriminate coral and shell collectors; overhunting threatens native sea turtle populations
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	black 82%, mixed black and European 13%, European and East Indian 5% , and trace of Arawak/Carib Amerindian	Polynesian, Europeans about 300
Exchange rates	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999)	pa'anga per US dollar NA (2002), 2.12 (2001), 1.76 (2000), 1.6 (1999), 1.49 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Daniel WILLIAMS (since 9 August 1996) head of government: Prime Minister Keith MITCHELL (since 22 June 1995) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general	chief of state: King Taufa'ahau TUPOU IV (since 16 December 1965) head of government: Prime Minister Prince Lavaka ata ULUKALALA (since NA February 2000) and Deputy Prime Minister Tevita TOPOU (since NA January 2001) cabinet: Cabinet, appointed by the monarch, consists of 12 members note: there is also a Privy Council that consists of the monarch, the Cabinet, and two governors elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed for life by the monarch
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, fruit and vegetables, clothing, mace	squash, fish, vanilla beans, root crops
Exports - partners	US 14.9%, Germany 12.8%, Netherlands 8.5%, Saint Lucia 8.5%, Antigua and Barbuda 6.4%, UK 6.4%, Belgium 4.3%, Dominica 4.3%, France 4.3%, Saint Kitts and Nevis 4.3%, Trinidad and Tobago 4.3% (2003)	Japan 43.2%, US 41.2%, Greece 4% (2002)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and bottom) and green triangles (hoist side and outer side), with a red border around the flag; there are seven yellow, five-pointed stars with three centered in the top red border, three centered in the bottom red border, and one on a red disk superimposed at the center of the flag; there is also a symbolic nutmeg pod on the hoist-side triangle (Grenada is the world's second-largest producer of nutmeg, after Indonesia); the seven stars represent the seven administrative divisions	red with a bold red cross on a white rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner
GDP	purchasing power parity - $440 million (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $236 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 7.7% industry: 23.9% services: 68.4% (2000)	agriculture: 26% industry: 12% services: 62% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $2,200 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2.5% (2002 est.)	3% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	12 07 N, 61 40 W	20 00 S, 175 00 W
Geography - note	the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada	archipelago of 169 islands (36 inhabited)
Highways	total: 1,040 km paved: 638 km unpaved: 402 km (1999 est.)	total: 680 km paved: 184 km unpaved: 496 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	small-scale cannabis cultivation; lesser transshipment point for marijuana and cocaine to US	-
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	food, manufactured goods, machinery, chemicals, fuel	foodstuffs, machinery and transport equipment, fuels, chemicals
Imports - partners	US 30%, Trinidad and Tobago 26.8%, UK 5.2%, Japan 4.4% (2003)	New Zealand 30.8%, Fiji 20.7%, US 14.2%, Australia 13.2%, China 6.1% (2002)
Independence	7 February 1974 (from UK)	4 June 1970 (from UK protectorate)
Industrial production growth rate	0.7% (1997 est.)	8.6% (FY 98/99)
Industries	food and beverages, textiles, light assembly operations, tourism, construction	tourism, fishing
Infant mortality rate	total: 14.62 deaths/1,000 live births male: 14.18 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: 13.35 deaths/1,000 live births male: 14.75 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.89 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.8% (2001 est.)	8.4% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO	ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	2 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	West Indies Associate States Supreme Court (an associate judge resides in Grenada)	Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch); Court of Appeal (consists of the Privy Council with the addition of the chief justice of the Supreme Court)
Labor force	42,300 (1996)	33,908 (1996)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 24%, industry 14%, services 62% (1999 est.)	agriculture 65% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 5.88% permanent crops: 29.41% other: 64.71% (2001)	arable land: 23.61% permanent crops: 43.06% other: 33.33% (1998 est.)
Languages	English (official), French patois	Tongan, English
Legal system	based on English common law	based on English law
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (a 13-member body, 10 appointed by the government and three by the leader of the opposition) and the House of Representatives (15 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held on 27 November 2003 (next to be held by NA November 2008) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NNP 8, NDC 7	unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fale Alea (30 seats - 12 reserved for cabinet ministers sitting ex officio, nine for nobles selected by the country's 33 nobles, and nine elected by popular vote; members serve three-year terms) elections: last held 7 March 2002 (next to be held NA 2005) election results: percent of vote - pro-democratic 70%; seats - pro-democratic 7, traditionalist 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 64.52 years male: 62.74 years female: 66.31 years (2004 est.)	total population: 68.88 years male: 66.43 years female: 71.44 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 98% female: 98% (1970 est.)	definition: can read and write Tongan and/or English total population: 98.5% male: 98.4% female: 98.7% (1996 est.)
Location	Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago	Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	none	total: 78 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 250,020 GRT/350,055 DWT ships by type: bulk 6, cargo 44, chemical tanker 4, container 1, liquefied gas 5, livestock carrier 2, petroleum tanker 9, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 4, specialized tanker 1, vehicle carrier 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Albania 1, Australia 4, Austria 1, Bolivia 1, Cyprus 1, Djibouti 1, Egypt 2, Greece 4, Lebanon 2, Liberia 2, Marshall Islands 2, Morocco 1, Norway 1, Panama 1, Romania 3, Russia 1, Sao Tome and Principe 1, Saudi Arabia 2, Singapore 1, Sweden 1, Switzerland 3, Syria 5, Ukraine 1, UAE 16, US 4 (2002 est.)
Military branches	no regular military forces; Royal Grenada Police Force	Tonga Defense Services (made up of three operational command components and two support elements, including the Royal Marines, Royal Guards, Maritime Force, a support/logistics group, and a training group), Police; note - a new air wing that will be subordinate to the Ministry of Defense is being developed
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	$NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	NA%
National holiday	Independence Day, 7 February (1974)	Independence Day, 4 June (1970)
Nationality	noun: Grenadian(s) adjective: Grenadian	noun: Tongan(s) adjective: Tongan
Natural hazards	lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November	cyclones (October to April); earthquakes and volcanic activity on Fonuafo'ou
Natural resources	timber, tropical fruit, deepwater harbors	fish, fertile soil
Net migration rate	-13.92 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Grenada United Labor Party or GULP [Herbert PREUDHOMME]; National Democratic Congress or NDC [leader vacant]; New National Party or NNP [George McGUIRE]; People Labor Movement or PLM [leader NA]	there are no political parties
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	Tonga Human Rights and Democracy Movement or THRDM [Akilisi POHIVA, president]
Population	89,357 (July 2004 est.)	108,141 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	32% (2000)	NA%
Population growth rate	0.14% (2004 est.)	1.9% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Grenville, Saint George's	Neiafu, Nuku'alofa, Pangai
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 (2001)
Railways	-	0 km
Religions	Roman Catholic 53%, Anglican 13.8%, other Protestant 33.2%	Christian (Free Wesleyan Church claims over 30,000 adherents)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.12 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: automatic, islandwide telephone system domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links international: country code - 1-473; new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (1996)
Telephones - main lines in use	33,500 (2002)	8,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular	7,600 (2002)	302 (1996)
Television broadcast stations	2 (1997)	2 (2001)
Terrain	volcanic in origin with central mountains	most islands have limestone base formed from uplifted coral formation; others have limestone overlying volcanic base
Total fertility rate	2.41 children born/woman (2004 est.)	3 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	12.5% (2000)	13.3% (1996 est.)
Waterways	-	none

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