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Compare Gibraltar (2004) - Tanzania (2002)

Compare Gibraltar (2004) z Tanzania (2002)

 Gibraltar (2004)Tanzania (2002)
 GibraltarTanzania
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK) 25 regions; Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Dodoma, Iringa, Kagera, Kigoma, Kilimanjaro, Lindi, Mara, Mbeya, Morogoro, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pemba North, Pemba South, Pwani, Rukwa, Ruvuma, Shinyanga, Singida, Tabora, Tanga, Zanzibar Central/South, Zanzibar North, Zanzibar Urban/West
Age structure 0-14 years: 18% (male 2,554; female 2,452)


15-64 years: 66.2% (male 9,460; female 8,965)


65 years and over: 15.8% (male 1,939; female 2,463) (2004 est.)
0-14 years: 44.6% (male 8,338,764; female 8,247,789)


15-64 years: 52.5% (male 9,674,951; female 9,847,084)


65 years and over: 2.9% (male 483,760; female 595,591) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products none coffee, sisal, tea, cotton, pyrethrum (insecticide made from chrysanthemums), cashew nuts, tobacco, cloves (Zanzibar), corn, wheat, cassava (tapioca), bananas, fruits, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats
Airports 1 (2003 est.) 125 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 11


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 112


1,524 to 2,437 m: 18


914 to 1,523 m: 60


under 914 m: 34 (2002)
Area total: 6.5 sq km


land: 6.5 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 945,087 sq km


land: 886,037 sq km


water: 59,050 sq km


note: includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar
Area - comparative about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC slightly larger than twice the size of California
Background Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In referendums held in 1967 and 2002, Gibraltarians ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency. Shortly after independence, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged to form the nation of Tanzania in 1964. One-party rule came to an end in 1995 with the first democratic elections held in the country since the 1970s. Zanzibar's semi-autonomous status and popular opposition have led to two contentious elections since 1995, which the ruling party won despite international observers' claims of voting irregularities.
Birth rate 10.99 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 39.12 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues: $307 million


expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY00/01 est.)
revenues: $1.01 billion


expenditures: $1.38 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY00/01 est. )
Capital Gibraltar Dar es Salaam; note - legislative offices have been transferred to Dodoma, which is planned as the new national capital; the National Assembly now meets there on regular basis
Climate Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands
Coastline 12 km 1,424 km
Constitution 30 May 1969 25 April 1977; major revisions October 1984
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Gibraltar
conventional long form: United Republic of Tanzania


conventional short form: Tanzania


former: United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar
Currency Gibraltar pound (GIP) Tanzanian shilling (TZS)
Death rate 9.05 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 13.02 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external NA (2000 est.) $6.8 billion (2000 est.)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Robert V. ROYALL


embassy: 140 Msese Road, Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam


mailing address: P. O. Box 9123, Dar es Salaam


telephone: [255] (22) 2666-010 through 2666-015


FAX: [255] (22) 2666-701, 2668-501
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Andrew Mhando DARAJA


chancery: 2139 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 939-6125


FAX: [1] (202) 797-7408
Disputes - international since Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum in 2003 against a "total shared sovereignty" arrangement, talks between the UK and Spain over the fate of the 300-year-old UK colony have stalled; Spain disapproves of UK plans to grant Gibraltar greater autonomy Tanzania and Malawi maintain a largely dormant dispute over the boundary in Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and current location of historical boundary in the meandering Songwe River
Economic aid - recipient NA $963 million (1997) (1997)
Economy - overview Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 7% to the local economy, compared with 60% in 1984. The financial sector, tourism (almost 5 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. The financial sector, the shipping sector, and tourism each contribute 25%-30% of GDP. Telecommunications accounts for another 10%. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment. Tanzania is one of the poorest countries in the world. The economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, which accounts for half of GDP, provides 85% of exports, and employs 80% of the work force. Topography and climatic conditions, however, limit cultivated crops to only 4% of the land area. Industry is mainly limited to processing agricultural products and light consumer goods. The World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and bilateral donors have provided funds to rehabilitate Tanzania's deteriorated economic infrastructure. Growth in 1991-2001 featured a pickup in industrial production and a substantial increase in output of minerals, led by gold. Natural gas exploration in the Rufiji Delta looks promising and production could start by 2002. Recent banking reforms have helped increase private sector growth and investment. Continued donor support and solid macroeconomic policies should support steady real GDP growth of 5% in 2002 and 2003.
Electricity - consumption 93 million kWh (2001) 2.616 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) 45 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 100 million kWh (2001) 2.765 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 18%


hydro: 82%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m


highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Kilimanjaro 5,895 m
Environment - current issues limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant soil degradation; deforestation; desertification; destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats; recent droughts affected marginal agriculture; wildlife threatened by illegal hunting and trade, especially for ivory
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese, German, North Africans mainland - native African 99% (of which 95% are Bantu consisting of more than 130 tribes), other 1% (consisting of Asian, European, and Arab); Zanzibar - Arab, native African, mixed Arab and native African
Exchange rates Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998); note - the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound Tanzanian shillings per US dollar - 924.70 (January 2002), 876.41 (2001), 800.41 (2000), 744.76 (1999), 664.67 (1998), 612.12 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander-in-Chief Sir Francis RICHARDS (since 27 May 2003)


head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
chief of state: President Benjamin William MKAPA (since 23 November 1995); Vice President Dr. Ali Mohammed SHEIN (since 5 July 2001); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; Prime Minister Frederick SUMAYE (since NA) does not function as the head of government


head of government: President Benjamin William MKAPA (since 23 November 1995); Vice President Dr. Ali Mohammed SHEIN (since 5 July 2001); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; Prime Minister Frederick SUMAYE (since NA) does not function as the head of government


note: Zanzibar elects a president who is head of government for matters internal to Zanzibar; Amani Abeid KARUME was elected to that office on 29 October 2000


cabinet: Cabinet ministers, including the prime minister, are appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly


elections: president and vice president elected on the same ballot by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 29 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2005); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Benjamin William MKAPA reelected president; percent of vote - Benjamin William MKAPA 71.7%, Ibrahim Haruna LIPUMBA 16.3%, Augustine Lyatonga MREME 7.8%, John Momose CHEYO 4.2%
Exports NA (2001) $827 million f.o.b. (2001)
Exports - commodities (principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8% gold, coffee, cashew nuts, manufactures, cotton (2000)
Exports - partners Germany 25.6%, France 24.8%, UK 14.3%, Turkmenistan 9.4%, Switzerland 7.5%, Spain 5.6% (2003) UK 22.0%, India 14.8%, Germany 9.9%, Netherlands 6.9% (2000)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June 1 July - 30 June
Flag description two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band divided diagonally by a yellow-edged black band from the lower hoist-side corner; the upper triangle (hoist side) is green and the lower triangle is blue
GDP purchasing power parity - $500 million (1997 est.) purchasing power parity - $22.1 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA (2002 est.)
agriculture: 48%


industry: 17%


services: 35% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $17,500 (1997 est.) purchasing power parity - $610 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate NA 5% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 36 8 N, 5 21 W 6 00 S, 35 00 E
Geography - note strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa; bordered by three of the largest lakes on the continent: Lake Victoria (the world's second-largest freshwater lake) in the north, Lake Tanganyika (the world's second deepest) in the west, and Lake Nyasa in the southwest
Highways total: 29 km


paved: 29 km


unpaved: 0 km (2002)
total: 85,000 km


paved: 4,250 km


unpaved: 80,750 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%: 3%


highest 10%: 30% (1993)
Illicit drugs - growing role in transshipment of Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin and South American cocaine destined for South African, European, and US markets and of South Asian methaqualone bound for Southern Africa; money laundering remains a problem
Imports NA (2001) $1.55 billion f.o.b. (2001)
Imports - commodities fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs consumer goods, machinery and transportation equipment, industrial raw materials, crude oil
Imports - partners Spain 26.5%, UK 14.8%, Russia 8.2%, Italy 6.6%, Netherlands 6.5%, France 5.3%, Germany 4.6%, Romania 4.2% (2003) South Africa 11.5%, Japan 9.3%, UK 7.0%, Australia 6.2% (2000)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) 26 April 1964; Tanganyika became independent 9 December 1961 (from UK-administered UN trusteeship); Zanzibar became independent 19 December 1963 (from UK); Tanganyika united with Zanzibar 26 April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar; renamed United Republic of Tanzania 29 October 1964
Industrial production growth rate NA 8.4% (1999 est.)
Industries tourism, banking and finance, ship repairing, tobacco primarily agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine), diamond and gold mining, oil refining, shoes, cement, textiles, wood products, fertilizer, salt
Infant mortality rate total: 5.22 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 5.81 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.59 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
77.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.5% (1998) 5% (2001 est.)
International organization participation Interpol (subbureau), UPU ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G- 6, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SADC, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 6 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 1,550 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Appeal Permanent Commission of Enquiry (official ombudsman); Court of Appeal (consists of a chief justice and four judges); High Court (consists of a Jaji Kiongozi and 29 judges appointed by the president; holds regular sessions in all regions); District Courts; Primary Courts (limited jurisdiction and appeals can be made to the higher courts)
Labor force 14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) (1999) 13.495 million
Labor force - by occupation agriculture negligible, industry 40%, services 60% agriculture 80%, industry and services 20% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total: 1.2 km


border countries: Spain 1.2 km
total: 3,861 km


border countries: Burundi 451 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 459 km, Kenya 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambique 756 km, Rwanda 217 km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
arable land: 4.24%


permanent crops: 1.02%


other: 94.74% (1998 est.)
Languages English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese Kiswahili or Swahili (official), Kiunguju (name for Swahili in Zanzibar), English (official, primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education), Arabic (widely spoken in Zanzibar), many local languages


note: Kiswahili (Swahili) is the mother tongue of the Bantu people living in Zanzibar and nearby coastal Tanzania; although Kiswahili is Bantu in structure and origin, its vocabulary draws on a variety of sources, including Arabic and English, and it has become the lingua franca of central and eastern Africa; the first language of most people is one of the local languages
Legal system English law based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote, one appointed for the Speaker, and two ex officio members; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 27 November 2003 (next to be held not later than February 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7
unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (274 seats - 232 elected by popular vote, 37 allocated to women nominated by the president, five to members of the Zanzibar House of Representatives; members serve five-year terms); note - in addition to enacting laws that apply to the entire United Republic of Tanzania, the Assembly enacts laws that apply only to the mainland; Zanzibar has its own House of Representatives to make laws especially for Zanzibar (the Zanzibar House of Representatives has 50 seats, directly elected by universal suffrage to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 29 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2005)


election results: National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CCM 244, CUF 16, CHADEMA 4, TLP 3, UDP 2, Zanzibar representatives 5; Zanzibar House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CCM 34, CUF 16
Life expectancy at birth total population: 79.52 years


male: 76.65 years


female: 82.54 years (2004 est.)
total population: 51.7 years


male: 50.76 years


female: 52.67 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition: NA


total population: above 80%


male: NA


female: NA
definition: age 15 and over can read and write Kiswahili (Swahili), English, or Arabic


total population: 67.8%


male: 79.4%


female: 56.8% (1995 est.)
Location Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique
Map references Europe Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total: 133 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 980,636 GRT/1,254,661 DWT


by type: bulk 3, cargo 69, chemical tanker 14, container 27, multi-functional large load carrier 3, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 13, roll on/roll off 2


foreign-owned: Belgium 1, Cyprus 3, Denmark 1, Estonia 1, France 1, Germany 92, Greece 11, Hong Kong 2, Iceland 1, Monaco 4, Norway 6, Spain 1, United Kingdom 6, United States 2


registered in other countries: 4 (2004 est.)
total: 8 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 21,987 GRT/27,121 DWT


ships by type: cargo 2, passenger/cargo 2, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 1, short-sea passenger 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK; the last British regular infantry forces left Gibraltar in 1992, replaced by the Royal Gibraltar Regiment -
Military branches Royal Gibraltar Regiment Tanzanian People's Defense Force (including Army, Navy, and Air Force), paramilitary Police Field Force Unit (including Police Marine Unit and Police Air Wing), territorial militia
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $19 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 0.2% (FY01)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 8,636,817 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 4,997,257 (2002 est.)
National holiday National Day, 10 September (1967); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or go with Spain Union Day (Tanganyika and Zanzibar), 26 April (1964)
Nationality noun: Gibraltarian(s)


adjective: Gibraltar
noun: Tanzanian(s)


adjective: Tanzanian
Natural hazards NA flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season; drought
Natural resources none hydropower, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) -0.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 982 km
Political parties and leaders Gibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA]; Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO] Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo or CHADEMA [Bob MAKANI, chairman]; Chama Cha Mapinduzi or CCM (Revolutionary Party) [Benjamin William MKAPA, chairman]; Civic United Front or CUF [Ibrahim LIPUMBA, chaiman]; Democratic Party (unregistered) [Reverend Christopher MTIKLA]; National Convention for Construction and Reform or NCCR [James MBATIA, secretary general]; Tanzania Labor Party or TLP [Augustine Lyatonga MREMA, chairman]; Union for Multiparty Democracy or UMD [leader NA]; United Democratic Party or UDP [John CHEYO]
Political pressure groups and leaders Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Women's Association NA
Population 27,833 (July 2004 est.) 37,187,939


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA 51% (1991 est.)
Population growth rate 0.19% (2004 est.) 2.6% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Gibraltar Bukoba, Dar es Salaam, Kigoma, Kilwa Masoko, Lindi, Mtwara, Mwanza, Pangani, Tanga, Wete, Zanzibar
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 12, FM 11, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios - 8.8 million (1997)
Railways - total: 3,569 km


narrow gauge: 2,600 km 1.000-m gauge; 969 km 1.067-m gauge


note: the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority (TAZARA), which operates 1,860 km of 1.067-m narrow gauge track between Dar es Salaam and Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia (of which 969 km are in Tanzania and 891 km are in Zambia) is not a part of Tanzania Railways Corporation; because of the difference in gauge, this system does not connect to Tanzania Railways (2001)
Religions Roman Catholic 76.9%, Church of England 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish 2.3%, none or other 7% (1991) mainland - Christian 30%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 35%; Zanzibar - more than 99% Muslim
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities


domestic: automatic exchange facilities


international: country code - 350; radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: fair system operating below capacity and being modernized for better service; VSAT (very small aperture terminal) system under construction


domestic: trunk service provided by open wire, microwave radio relay, tropospheric scatter, and fiber-optic cable; some links being made digital


international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 24,512 (2002) 127,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 9,797 (2002) 30,000 (1999)
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997) 3 (1999)
Terrain a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south
Total fertility rate 1.65 children born/woman (2004 est.) 5.33 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 2% (2001 est.) NA%
Waterways - note: Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, and Lake Nyasa are principal avenues of commerce between Tanzania and its neighbors on those lakes
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