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Compare Ghana (2001) - Monaco (2006)

Compare Ghana (2001) z Monaco (2006)

 Ghana (2001)Monaco (2006)
 GhanaMonaco
Administrative divisions 10 regions; Ashanti, Brong-Ahafo, Central, Eastern, Greater Accra, Northern, Upper East, Upper West, Volta, Western none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
Age structure 0-14 years:
41.18% (male 4,123,317; female 4,068,786)

15-64 years:
55.35% (male 5,455,577; female 5,555,278)

65 years and over:
3.47% (male 328,809; female 362,247) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 15.2% (male 2,539/female 2,417)


15-64 years: 62.1% (male 9,959/female 10,266)


65 years and over: 22.6% (male 3,015/female 4,347) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products cocoa, rice, coffee, cassava (tapioca), peanuts, corn, shea nuts, bananas; timber none
Airports 12 (2000 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total:
6

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
2 (2000 est.)
-
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
6

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
238,540 sq km

land:
230,020 sq km

water:
8,520 sq km
total: 1.95 sq km


land: 1.95 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Oregon about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background Formed from the merger of the British colony of the Gold Coast and the Togoland trust territory, Ghana in 1957 became the first country in colonial Africa to gain its independence. A long series of coups resulted in the suspension of the constitution in 1981 and the banning of political parties. A new constitution, restoring multiparty politics, was approved in 1992. Lt. Jerry RAWLINGS, head of state since 1981, won presidential elections in 1992 and 1996, but was constitutionally prevented from running for a third term in 2000. He was succeeded by John KUFUOR. The Genoese built a fortress on the site of present-day Monaco in 1215. The current ruling Grimaldi family secured control in the late 13th century, and a principality was established in 1338. Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.
Birth rate 28.95 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 9.19 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget revenues:
$1.39 billion

expenditures:
$1.47 billion, including capital expenditures of $370 million (1996 est.)
revenues: $719.2 million


expenditures: $864.1 million; including capital expenditures of $283.1 million (2004)
Capital Accra name: Monaco


geographic coordinates: 43 44 N, 7 25 E


time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate tropical; warm and comparatively dry along southeast coast; hot and humid in southwest; hot and dry in north Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Coastline 539 km 4.1 km
Constitution new constitution approved 28 April 1992 17 December 1962
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Ghana

conventional short form:
Ghana

former:
Gold Coast
conventional long form: Principality of Monaco


conventional short form: Monaco


local long form: Principaute de Monaco


local short form: Monaco
Currency cedi (GHC) -
Death rate 10.26 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 12.91 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external $7 billion (1999 est.) $18 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Kathryn D. ROBINSON

embassy:
Ring Road East, East of Danquah Circle, Accra

mailing address:
P. O. Box 194, Accra

telephone:
[233] (21) 775348

FAX:
[233] (21) 776008
the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) under the authority of the US ambassador to France is accredited to Monaco
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Kobena KOOMSON

chancery:
3512 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 686-4520

FAX:
[1] (202) 686-4527

consulate(s) general:
New York
Monaco does not have an embassy in the US


consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $477.3 million (1995) $NA
Economy - overview Well endowed with natural resources, Ghana has twice the per capita output of the poorer countries in West Africa. Even so, Ghana remains heavily dependent on international financial and technical assistance. Gold, timber, and cocoa production are major sources of foreign exchange. The domestic economy continues to revolve around subsistence agriculture, which accounts for 36% of GDP and employs 60% of the work force, mainly small landholders. In 1995-97, Ghana made mixed progress under a three-year structural adjustment program in cooperation with the IMF. On the minus side, public sector wage increases and regional peacekeeping commitments have led to continued inflationary deficit financing, depreciation of the cedi, and rising public discontent with Ghana's austerity measures. Political uncertainty and a depressed cocoa market led to disappointing growth in 2000. A rebound in the cocoa market should push growth over 4% in 2001-02. Monaco, bordering France on the Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. In 2001, a major construction project extended the pier used by cruise ships in the main harbor. The principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas.
Electricity - consumption 5.573 billion kWh (1999) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 400 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 890 million kWh (1999) NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by France
Electricity - production 5.466 billion kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
26.82%

hydro:
73.18%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Afadjato 880 m
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m


highest point: Mont Agel 140 m
Environment - current issues recent drought in north severely affecting agricultural activities; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; poaching and habitat destruction threatens wildlife populations; water pollution; inadequate supplies of potable water NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Marine Life Conservation
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups black African 99.8% (major tribes - Akan 44%, Moshi-Dagomba 16%, Ewe 13%, Ga 8%), European and other 0.2% French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
Exchange rates cedis per US dollar - 6,895.77 (January 2001), 5,321.68 (2000), 2,647.32 (1999), 2,314.15 (1998), 2,050.17 (1997), 1,637.23 (1996) euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)
Executive branch chief of state:
President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President John Agyekum KUFUOR (since 7 January 2001); Vice President Alhaji Aliu MAHAMA (since 7 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Council of Ministers; president nominates members subject to approval by Parliament

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 and 28 December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2004)

election results:
John Agyekum KUFUOR elected president in runoff; percent of vote - John KUFUOR 56.4%, John Atta MILLS 43.6%
chief of state: Prince ALBERT II (since 6 April 2005)


head of government: Minister of State Jean-Paul PROUST (since 1 June 2005)


cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch


elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government
Exports $1.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000) $656.5 million $NA


note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Exports - commodities gold, cocoa, timber, tuna, bauxite, aluminum, manganese ore, diamonds -
Exports - partners Togo, UK, Italy, Netherlands, Germany, US, France (1998) -
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of red (top), yellow, and green with a large black five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Bolivia, which has a coat of arms centered in the yellow band two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red
GDP purchasing power parity - $37.4 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
36%

industry:
25%

services:
39% (2000 est.)
agriculture: 17%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,900 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2000 est.) 0.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 8 00 N, 2 00 W 43 44 N, 7 24 E
Geography - note Lake Volta is the world's largest artificial lake; northeasterly harmattan wind (January to March) second-smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban
Heliports - 1 (2006)
Highways total:
39,409 km

paved:
11,653 km (including 30 km of expressways)

unpaved:
27,756 km (1997)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
3.6%

highest 10%:
26.1% (1997)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs illicit producer of cannabis for the international drug trade; transit hub for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin and South American cocaine destined for Europe and the US -
Imports $2.2 billion (f.o.b., 2000) $636.6 million $NA


note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Imports - commodities capital equipment, petroleum, foodstuffs -
Imports - partners UK, Nigeria, US, Germany, Italy, Spain (1998) -
Independence 6 March 1957 (from UK) 1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)
Industrial production growth rate 4.2% (1996 est.) NA%
Industries mining, lumbering, light manufacturing, aluminum smelting, food processing tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products
Infant mortality rate 56.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 5.35 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 6.19 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 22.8% (2000 est.) 1.9% (2000)
International organization participation ABEDA, ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OAS (observer), OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACCT, CE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land 60 sq km (1993 est.) NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)
Labor force 9 million (2000 est.) 41,110


note: includes workers from all foreign countries (2004)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 60%, industry 15%, services 25% (1999 est.) -
Land boundaries total:
2,093 km

border countries:
Burkina Faso 548 km, Cote d'Ivoire 668 km, Togo 877 km
total: 4.4 km


border countries: France 4.4 km
Land use arable land:
12%

permanent crops:
7%

permanent pastures:
22%

forests and woodland:
35%

other:
24% (1993 est.)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (urban area) (2005)
Languages English (official), African languages (including Akan, Moshi-Dagomba, Ewe, and Ga) French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
Legal system based on English common law and customary law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament (200 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 7 December 2000 (next to be held NA December 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 100, NDC 92, PNC 3, CPP 1, independents 4
unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation; to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 9 February 2003 (next to be held February 2008)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UNAM 21, UND 3
Life expectancy at birth total population:
57.24 years

male:
55.86 years

female:
58.66 years (2001 est.)
total population: 79.69 years


male: 75.85 years


female: 83.74 years (2006 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
64.5%

male:
75.9%

female:
53.5% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99%


male: 99%


female: 99% (2003 est.)
Location Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Cote d'Ivoire and Togo Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy
Map references Africa Europe
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm
Merchant marine total:
6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 13,484 GRT/18,583 DWT

ships by type:
petroleum tanker 2, refrigerated cargo 4 (2000 est.)
registered in other countries: 77 (Bahamas 17, Barbados 1, Bermuda 2, France 1, Georgia 13, Isle of Man 3, Liberia 10, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 8, Norway 4, Panama 9, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 4, Switzerland 2, unknown 1) (2006)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France; the Palace Guard performs ceremonial duties (2003)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, National Police Force, Palace Guard, Civil Defense -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $53 million (FY99) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.7% (FY99) -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
4,890,483 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
2,713,584 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
213,237 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 6 March (1957) National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November
Nationality noun:
Ghanaian(s)

adjective:
Ghanaian
noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)


adjective: Monegasque or Monacan
Natural hazards dry, dusty, harmattan winds occur from January to March; droughts NA
Natural resources gold, timber, industrial diamonds, bauxite, manganese, fish, rubber, hydropower none
Net migration rate -0.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 7.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Pipelines 0 km -
Political parties and leaders Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere or EGLE [Owuraku AMOFA, chairman]; National Convention Party or NCP [Sarpong KUMA-KUMA]; National Democratic Congress or NDC [Dr. Huudu YAHAYA, general secretary]; New Patriotic Party or NPP [Samuel Arthur ODOI-SYKES]; People's Convention Party or PCP [P. K. DONKOH-AYIFI, acting chairman]; People's Heritage Party or PHP [Emmanuel Alexander ERSKINE]; People's National Convention or PNC [Edward MAHAMA] National and Democratic Union or UND [Guy MAGNAN]; Union for Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM)
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 19,894,014

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
32,543 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line 31.4% (1992 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 1.79% (2001 est.) 0.4% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors Takoradi, Tema -
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 18, shortwave 3 (1999) AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)
Radios 4.4 million (1997) -
Railways total:
953 km (undergoing major rehabilitation)

narrow gauge:
953 km 1.067-m gauge (32 km double track) (1997 est.)
-
Religions indigenous beliefs 38%, Muslim 30%, Christian 24%, other 8% Roman Catholic 90%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.91 male(s)/female

total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female


total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
poor to fair system; Internet accessible; many rural communities not yet connected; expansion of services is underway

domestic:
primarily microwave radio relay; wireless local loop has been installed

international:
satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay link to Panaftel system connects Ghana to its neighbors
general assessment: modern automatic telephone system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 377; no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system
Telephones - main lines in use 200,000 (1998) 33,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 30,000 (yearend 1998) 19,300 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 11 (1999) 5 (1998)
Terrain mostly low plains with dissected plateau in south-central area hilly, rugged, rocky
Total fertility rate 3.82 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.76 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate 20% (1997 est.) 22% (1999)
Waterways 1,293 km

note:
Volta, Ankobra, and Tano Rivers provide 168 km of perennial navigation for launches and lighters; Lake Volta provides 1,125 km of arterial and feeder waterways
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