Compare Finland (2003) - Nigeria (2003)

Compare Finland (2003) z Nigeria (2003)

	Finland (2003)	Nigeria (2003)

Administrative divisions	6 provinces (laanit, singular - laani); Aland, Etela-Suomen Laani, Ita-Suomen Laani, Lansi-Suomen Laani, Lappi, Oulun Laani	36 states and 1 territory; Abia, Abuja Federal Capital Territory, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Benue, Borno, Cross River, Delta, Ebonyi, Edo, Ekiti, Enugu, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Kogi, Kwara, Lagos, Nassarawa, Niger, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, Oyo, Plateau, Rivers, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe, Zamfara
Age structure	0-14 years: 17.7% (male 468,077; female 450,785) 15-64 years: 66.9% (male 1,753,760; female 1,719,253) 65 years and over: 15.4% (male 312,883; female 486,027) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 43.6% (male 29,322,774; female 28,990,702) 15-64 years: 53.6% (male 36,513,700; female 35,254,333) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 1,890,043; female 1,910,151) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	barley, wheat, sugar beets, potatoes; dairy cattle; fish	cocoa, peanuts, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava (tapioca), yams, rubber; cattle, sheep, goats, pigs; timber; fish
Airports	150 (2002)	70 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 74 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 27 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 23 under 914 m: 12 (2002)	total: 36 over 3,047 m: 7 2,438 to 3,047 m: 10 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 6 under 914 m: 3 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 76 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 72 (2002)	total: 34 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 13 under 914 m: 18 (2002)
Area	total: 337,030 sq km land: 305,470 sq km water: 31,560 sq km	total: 923,768 sq km land: 910,768 sq km water: 13,000 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Montana	slightly more than twice the size of California
Background	Finland was a province and then a grand duchy under Sweden from the 12th to the 19th centuries and an autonomous grand duchy of Russia after 1809. It finally won its complete independence in 1917. During World War II, it was able to successfully defend its freedom and resist invasions by the Soviet Union - albeit with some loss of territory. In the subsequent half century, the Finns made a remarkable transformation from a farm/forest economy to a diversified modern industrial economy; per capita income is now on par with Western Europe. As a member of the European Union, Finland was the only Nordic state to join the euro system at its initiation in January 1999.	Following nearly 16 years of military rule, a new constitution was adopted in 1999, and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. The president faces the daunting task of rebuilding a petroleum-based economy, whose revenues have been squandered through corruption and mismanagement, and institutionalizing democracy. In addition, the OBASANJO administration must defuse longstanding ethnic and religious tensions, if it is to build a sound foundation for economic growth and political stability. Despite some irregularities the April 2003 elections marked the first civilian transfer of power in Nigeria's history.
Birth rate	10.54 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	38.75 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $36.1 billion expenditures: $31 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)	revenues: $3.4 billion expenditures: $3.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital	Helsinki	Abuja; note - on 12 December 1991 the capital was officially transferred from Lagos to Abuja; most federal government offices have now made the move to Abuja
Climate	cold temperate; potentially subarctic, but comparatively mild because of moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes	varies; equatorial in south, tropical in center, arid in north
Coastline	1,126 km (excludes islands and coastal indentations)	853 km
Constitution	1 March 2000	new constitution adopted May 1999
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Finland conventional short form: Finland local long form: Suomen Tasavalta local short form: Suomi	conventional long form: Federal Republic of Nigeria conventional short form: Nigeria
Currency	euro (EUR) note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole currency for everyday transactions within the member countries	naira (NGN)
Death rate	9.82 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	13.76 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$30 billion (December 1993)	$29.7 billion (2002 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Bonnie McELVEEN-HUNTER embassy: Itainen Puistotie 14A, FIN-00140, Helsinki mailing address: APO AE 09723 telephone: [358] (9) 616250 FAX: [358] (9) 174681	chief of mission: Ambassador Howard Franklin JETER embassy: 7 Mambilla Drive, Abuja mailing address: P. O. Box 554, Lagos telephone: [234] (9) 523-0916/0906/5857/2235/2205 FAX: [234] (9) 523-0353
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jukka Robert VALTASAARI chancery: 3301 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 298-5800 FAX: [1] (202) 298-6030 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York	chief of mission: Ambassador Jibril Muhammad AMINU chancery: 3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 986-8400 FAX: [1] (202) 775-1385 consulate(s) general: Atlanta and New York
Disputes - international	none	ICJ ruled in 2002 on the Cameroon-Nigeria land and maritime boundary by awarding the potentially petroleum-rich Bakassi Peninsula and offshore region to Cameroon; Nigeria rejected the cession of the peninsula but the parties formed a Joint Border Commission to peaceably resolve the dispute and commence with demarcation in other less-contested sections of the boundary; several villages along the Okpara River are in dispute with Benin; Lake Chad Commission continues to urge signatories Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria to ratify delimitation treaty over lake region, which remains the site of armed clashes among local populations and militias; Nigeria agreed to ratify the treaty and relinquish sovereignty of disputed lands to Cameroon by December 2003
Economic aid - donor	ODA, $379 million (2001)	-
Economic aid - recipient	-	ODA $250 million (1998)
Economy - overview	Finland has a highly industrialized, largely free-market economy, with per capita output roughly that of the UK, France, Germany, and Italy. Its key economic sector is manufacturing - principally the wood, metals, engineering, telecommunications, and electronics industries. Trade is important, with exports equaling almost one-third of GDP. Except for timber and several minerals, Finland depends on imports of raw materials, energy, and some components for manufactured goods. Because of the climate, agricultural development is limited to maintaining self-sufficiency in basic products. Forestry, an important export earner, provides a secondary occupation for the rural population. Rapidly increasing integration with Western Europe - Finland was one of the 11 countries joining the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) on 1 January 1999 - will dominate the economic picture over the next several years. Growth in 2003 was held back by the global slowdown but will pick up in 2004 provided the world economy suffers no further blows.	The oil-rich Nigerian economy, long hobbled by political instability, corruption, and poor macroeconomic management, is undergoing substantial reform under the new civilian administration. Nigeria's former military rulers failed to diversify the economy away from overdependence on the capital-intensive oil sector, which provides 20% of GDP, 95% of foreign exchange earnings, and about 65% of budgetary revenues. The largely subsistence agricultural sector has failed to keep up with rapid population growth, and Nigeria, once a large net exporter of food, now must import food. Following the signing of an IMF stand-by agreement in August 2000, Nigeria received a debt-restructuring deal from the Paris Club and a $1 billion credit from the IMF, both contingent on economic reforms. The agreement was allowed to expire by the IMF in November 2001, however, and Nigeria apparently received much less multilateral assistance than expected in 2002. Nonetheless, increases in foreign oil investment and oil production kept growth at 3% in 2002. The government lacks the strength to implement the market-oriented reforms urged by the IMF, such as modernization of the banking system; to curb inflation by blocking excessive wage demands; and to resolve regional disputes over the distribution of earnings from the oil industry. When the uncertainties in the global economy are added in, estimates of Nigeria's prospects for 2003 must have a wide margin of error.
Electricity - consumption	76.18 billion kWh (2001)	14.55 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	1.81 billion kWh (2001)	20 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	11.77 billion kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	71.2 billion kWh (2001)	15.67 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 39% hydro: 18.7% nuclear: 30.4% other: 11.8% (2001)	fossil fuel: 61.9% hydro: 38.1% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m highest point: Halti 1,328 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Chappal Waddi 2,419 m
Environment - current issues	air pollution from manufacturing and power plants contributing to acid rain; water pollution from industrial wastes, agricultural chemicals; habitat loss threatens wildlife populations	soil degradation; rapid deforestation; urban air and water pollution; desertification; oil pollution - water, air, and soil; has suffered serious damage from oil spills; loss of arable land; rapid urbanization
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Finn 93%, Swede 6%, Sami 0.11%, Roma 0.12%, Tatar 0.02%	Nigeria, which is Africa's most populous country, is composed of more than 250 ethnic groups; the following are the most populous and politically influential: Hausa and Fulani 29%, Yoruba 21%, Igbo (Ibo) 18%, Ijaw 10%, Kanuri 4%, Ibibio 3.5%, Tiv 2.5%
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999)	nairas per US dollar - NA (2002), 111.23 (2001), 101.7 (2000), 92.34 (1999), 21.89 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Tarja HALONEN (since 1 March 2000) head of government: Prime Minister Matti VANHANEN (since 24 June 2003) and Deputy Prime Minister Antti KALLIOMAKI (since 17 April 2003); note - former Prime Minister Anneli JAATTEENMAKI resigned cabinet: Council of State or Valtioneuvosto appointed by the president, responsible to Parliament elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 16 January 2000 and 6 February 2000 (next to be held NA February 2006); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed from the majority party by the president after parliamentary elections election results: Tarja HALONEN elected president; percent of vote - Tarja HALONEN (SDP) 51.6%, Esko AHO (Kesk) 48.4% note: government coalition - KESK, SDP, and SFP	chief of state: President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Olusegun OBASANJO (since 29 May 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Federal Executive Council elections: president is elected by popular vote for no more than two four-year terms; election last held 19 April 2003 (next to be held NA 2007) election results: Olusegun OBASANJO elected president; percent of vote - Olusegun OBASANJO (PDP) 61.9%, Muhammadu BUHARI (ANPP) 31.2%, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu OJUKWU (APGA) 3.3%, other 3.6%
Exports	101,000 bbl/day (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals; timber, paper, pulp (1999)	petroleum and petroleum products 95%, cocoa, rubber
Exports - partners	Germany 11.8%, UK 9.6%, US 9%, Sweden 8.5%, Russia 6.6%, Netherlands 4.6%, France 4.5% (2002)	US 32.3%, Brazil 8.3%, Spain 7.2%, Indonesia 5.9%, France 5.6%, India 4.6% (2002)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	white with a blue cross extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)	three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green
GDP	purchasing power parity - $133.8 billion (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $112.5 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 4% industry: 34% services: 62% (2002 est.)	agriculture: 45% industry: 20% services: 35% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $25,800 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $900 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	1.6% (2002 est.)	3.2% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	64 00 N, 26 00 E	10 00 N, 8 00 E
Geography - note	long boundary with Russia; Helsinki is northernmost national capital on European continent; population concentrated on small southwestern coastal plain	the Niger enters the country in the northwest and flows southward through tropical rain forests and swamps to its delta in the Gulf of Guinea
Heliports	-	1 (2002)
Highways	total: 77,943 km paved: 50,305 km (including 750 km of expressways) unpaved: 27,688 km (2001)	total: 194,394 km paved: 60,068 km (including 1,194 km of expressways) unpaved: 134,326 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 4.2% highest 10%: 21.6% (1991)	lowest 10%: 1.6% highest 10%: 40.8% (1996-97)
Illicit drugs	-	a transit point for heroin and cocaine intended for European, East Asian, and North American markets; safehaven for Nigerian narcotraffickers operating worldwide; major money-laundering center; massive corruption and criminal activity, along with unwillingness of the government to address the deficiencies in its anti-money-laundering regime make money laundering a major problem
Imports	318,300 bbl/day (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, transport equipment, iron and steel, machinery, textile yarn and fabrics, grains (1999)	machinery, chemicals, transport equipment, manufactured goods, food and live animals
Imports - partners	Germany 14.5%, Sweden 10.9%, Russia 9.9%, UK 5.7%, France 4.3%, Denmark 4.2% (2002)	UK 9.6%, US 9.4%, China 9.3%, France 8.7%, Germany 6.8%, South Korea 6.1%, Netherlands 5.2%, Italy 4.7% (2002)
Independence	6 December 1917 (from Russia)	1 October 1960 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	5% (2002 est.)	0.4% (2002 est.)
Industries	metal products, electronics, shipbuilding, pulp and paper, copper refining, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles, clothing	crude oil, coal, tin, columbite, palm oil, peanuts, cotton, rubber, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, steel
Infant mortality rate	total: 3.73 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.21 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	total: 71.35 deaths/1,000 live births male: 74.44 deaths/1,000 live births female: 68.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.9% (2002 est.)	14.2% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOGIP, UNMOP, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (observer), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC	ACP, AfDB, C, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNMOVIC, UNU, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	3 (2002)	11 (2000)
Irrigated land	640 sq km (1998 est.)	2,330 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Korkein Oikeus (judges appointed by the president)	Supreme Court (judges appointed by the President); Federal Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the federal government on the advice of the Advisory Judicial Committee)
Labor force	2.6 million (2000 est.)	66 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	public services 32%, industry 22%, commerce 14%, finance, insurance, and business services 10%, agriculture and forestry 8%, transport and communications 8%, construction 6%	agriculture 70%, industry 10%, services 20% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 2,628 km border countries: Norway 729 km, Sweden 586 km, Russia 1,313 km	total: 4,047 km border countries: Benin 773 km, Cameroon 1,690 km, Chad 87 km, Niger 1,497 km
Land use	arable land: 6.98% permanent crops: 0.01% other: 93.01% (1998 est.)	arable land: 30.96% permanent crops: 2.79% other: 66.25% (1998 est.)
Languages	Finnish 93.4% (official), Swedish 5.9% (official), small Sami- and Russian-speaking minorities	English (official), Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo (Ibo), Fulani
Legal system	civil law system based on Swedish law; Supreme Court may request legislation interpreting or modifying laws; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations	based on English common law, Islamic Shariah law (only in some northern states), and traditional law
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament or Eduskunta (200 seats; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional basis to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 16 March 2003 (next to be held NA March 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - Kesk 24.7%, SDP 24.5%, Kok 18.5%, VAS 9.9%, VIHR 8%, KD 5.3%, SFP 4.6%; seats by party - Kesk 55, SDP 53, Kok 40, VAS 19, VIHR 14, KD 7, SFP 8, others 4	bicameral National Assembly consists of Senate (107 seats, three from each state and one from the Federal Capital Territory; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) and House of Representatives (346 seats, members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: Senate - last held 12 April 2003 (next to be held NA 2007); House of Representatives - last held 12 April 2003 (next to be held NA 2007) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - PDP 53.6%, ANPP 27.9%, AD 9.7%; seats by party - PDP 73, ANPP 28, AD 6; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDP 54.5%, ANPP 27.4%, AD 9.3%, other 8.8%; seats by party - PDP 213, ANPP 95, AD 31, other 7; note - two constituencies are not reported
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 77.92 years male: 74.28 years female: 81.68 years (2003 est.)	total population: 51.01 years male: 50.89 years female: 51.14 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 100% (1980 est.) male: NA% female: NA%	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 68% male: 75.7% female: 60.6% (2003 est.)
Location	Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Sweden and Russia	Western Africa, bordering the Gulf of Guinea, between Benin and Cameroon
Map references	Europe	Africa
Maritime claims	continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 12 NM; extends to continental shelf boundary with Sweden territorial sea: 12 NM (in the Gulf of Finland - 3 NM)	continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 93 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,181,687 GRT/1,185,653 DWT ships by type: bulk 9, cargo 24, chemical tanker 5, container 1, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 11, roll on/roll off 32, short-sea passenger 9 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 1, Sweden 1 (2002 est.)	total: 44 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 327,689 GRT/607,560 DWT ships by type: bulk 1, cargo 7, chemical tanker 5, petroleum tanker 29, roll on/roll off 1, specialized tanker 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Bulgaria 1, Greece 1, Norway 1, Pakistan 1, Togo 1, US 1 (2002 est.)
Military branches	Army, Navy, Air Force, Frontier Guard (including Sea Guard)	Army, Navy, Air Force, Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$1.8 billion (FY98/99)	$417.9 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	2% (FY98/99)	1% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 1,230,934 (2003 est.)	males age 15-49: 31,790,482 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 1,016,693 (2003 est.)	males age 15-49: 18,259,696 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age	18 years of age (2003 est.)	18 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 31,926 (2003 est.)	males: 1,418,099 (2003 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 6 December (1917)	Independence Day (National Day), 1 October (1960)
Nationality	noun: Finn(s) adjective: Finnish	noun: Nigerian(s) adjective: Nigerian
Natural hazards	NA	periodic droughts; flooding
Natural resources	timber, copper, zinc, iron ore, silver	natural gas, petroleum, tin, columbite, iron ore, coal, limestone, lead, zinc, arable land
Net migration rate	0.63 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	0.26 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pipelines	gas 694 km (2003)	condensate 105 km; gas 1,660 km; oil 3,634 km (2003)
Political parties and leaders	Center Party or Kesk [Matti VANHANEN]; Christian Democrats or KD [Bjarne KALLIS]; Green League or VIHR [Osmo SOININVAARA]; Left Alliance or VAS (Communist) composed of People's Democratic League and Democratic Alternative [Suvi-Anne SIIMES]; National Coalition (conservative) Party or Kok [Ville ITALA]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Paavo LIPPONEN]; Swedish People's Party or SFP [Jan-Erik ENESTAM]	Alliance for Democracy or AD [Alhaji Adamu ABDULKADIR]; All Nigeria Peoples' Party or ANPP [Don ETIEBET]; All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Chekwas OKORIE]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Aliyu Habu FARI]; Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Audu OGBEH]; Peoples Redemption Party or PRP [Abdulkadir Balarabe MUSA]; Peoples Salvation Party or PSP [Lawal MAITURARE]; United Nigeria Peoples Party or UNPP [Saleh JAMBO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	Nigerian Labor Congress or NLC [Adams OSHIOMOLE]
Population	5,190,785 (July 2003 est.)	133,881,703 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	60% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate	0.14% (2003 est.)	2.53% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Hamina, Helsinki, Kokkola, Kotka, Loviisa, Oulu, Pori, Rauma, Turku, Uusikaupunki, Varkaus	Calabar, Lagos, Onne, Port Harcourt, Sapele, Warri
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 186, shortwave 1 (1998)	AM 83, FM 36, shortwave 11 (2001)
Railways	total: 5,850 km broad gauge: 5,850 km 1.524-m gauge (2,400 km electrified) (2002)	total: 3,557 km narrow gauge: 3,505 km 1.067-m gauge standard gauge: 52 km 1.435-m gauge (2002)
Religions	Evangelical Lutheran 89%, Russian Orthodox 1%, none 9%, other 1%	Muslim 50%, Christian 40%, indigenous beliefs 10%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.64 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: modern system with excellent service domestic: cable, microwave radio relay, and an extensive cellular net provide domestic needs international: 1 submarine cable; satellite earth stations - access to Intelsat transmission service via a Swedish satellite earth station, 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Finland shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden)	general assessment: an inadequate system, further limited by poor maintenance; major expansion is required and a start has been made domestic: intercity traffic is carried by coaxial cable, microwave radio relay, a domestic communications satellite system with 19 earth stations, and a coastal submarine cable; mobile cellular facilities and the Internet are available international: satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean); coaxial submarine cable SAFE (South African Far East)
Telephones - main lines in use	2,847,900 (2001)	500,000 (2000 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular	3,728,600 (2001)	200,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	120 (plus 431 repeaters) (1999)	3 (the government controls 2 of the broadcasting stations and 15 repeater stations) (2002)
Terrain	mostly low, flat to rolling plains interspersed with lakes and low hills	southern lowlands merge into central hills and plateaus; mountains in southeast, plains in north
Total fertility rate	1.7 children born/woman (2003 est.)	5.4 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	8.5% (2002 est.)	28% (1992 est.)
Waterways	6,675 km note: includes Saimaa Canal; 3,700 km suitable for large ships	8,575 km note: consisting of the Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and creeks

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