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Compare Ethiopia (2006) - Guadeloupe (2001)

Compare Ethiopia (2006) z Guadeloupe (2001)

 Ethiopia (2006)Guadeloupe (2001)
 EthiopiaGuadeloupe
Administrative divisions 9 ethnically-based states (kililoch, singular - kilil) and 2 self-governing administrations* (astedaderoch, singular - astedader); Adis Abeba* (Addis Ababa), Afar, Amara (Amhara), Binshangul Gumuz, Dire Dawa*, Gambela Hizboch (Gambela Peoples), Hareri Hizb (Harari People), Oromiya (Oromia), Sumale (Somali), Tigray, Ye Debub Biheroch Bihereseboch na Hizboch (Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples) none (overseas department of France)
Age structure 0-14 years: 43.7% (male 16,373,718/female 16,280,766)


15-64 years: 53.6% (male 19,999,482/female 20,077,014)


65 years and over: 2.7% (male 929,349/female 1,117,652) (2006 est.)
0-14 years:
24.99% (male 55,030; female 52,722)

15-64 years:
66.22% (male 141,294; female 144,232)

65 years and over:
8.79% (male 15,901; female 21,991) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products cereals, pulses, coffee, oilseed, cotton, sugarcane, potatoes, qat, cut flowers; hides, cattle, sheep, goats; fish bananas, sugarcane, tropical fruits and vegetables; cattle, pigs, goats
Airports 84 (2006) 9 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 14


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 5


1,524 to 2,437 m: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)
total:
8

over 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
5 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 70


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 3


1,524 to 2,437 m: 13


914 to 1,523 m: 28


under 914 m: 23 (2006)
total:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 1,127,127 sq km


land: 1,119,683 sq km


water: 7,444 sq km
total:
1,780 sq km

land:
1,706 sq km

water:
74 sq km

note:
Guadeloupe is an archipelago of nine inhabited islands, including Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Desirade, Iles des Saintes (2), Saint-Barthelemy, Iles de la Petite Terre, and Saint-Martin (French part of the island of Saint Martin
Area - comparative slightly less than twice the size of Texas 10 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Unique among African countries, the ancient Ethiopian monarchy maintained its freedom from colonial rule with the exception of the 1936-41 Italian occupation during World War II. In 1974, a military junta, the Derg, deposed Emperor Haile SELASSIE (who had ruled since 1930) and established a socialist state. Torn by bloody coups, uprisings, wide-scale drought, and massive refugee problems, the regime was finally toppled in 1991 by a coalition of rebel forces, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF). A constitution was adopted in 1994, and Ethiopia's first multiparty elections were held in 1995. A border war with Eritrea late in the 1990's ended with a peace treaty in December 2000. Final demarcation of the boundary is currently on hold due to Ethiopian objections to an international commission's finding requiring it to surrender territory considered sensitive to Ethiopia. Guadeloupe has been a French possession since 1635. The island of Saint-Martin is divided with the Netherlands (whose southern portion is named Sint Maarten and is part of the Netherlands Antilles).
Birth rate 37.98 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) 16.91 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $2.338 billion


expenditures: $2.88 billion; including capital expenditures of $788 million (2005 est.)
revenues:
$225 million

expenditures:
$390 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996)
Capital name: Addis Ababa


geographic coordinates: 9 02 N, 38 42 E


time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Basse-Terre
Climate tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation subtropical tempered by trade winds; moderately high humidity
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 306 km
Constitution ratified December 1994, effective 22 August 1995 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia


conventional short form: Ethiopia


local long form: Ityop'iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripeblik


local short form: Ityop'iya


former: Abyssinia, Italian East Africa


abbreviation: FDRE
conventional long form:
Department of Guadeloupe

conventional short form:
Guadeloupe

local long form:
Departement de la Guadeloupe

local short form:
Guadeloupe
Currency - French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Death rate 14.86 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) 6.02 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $5.101 billion (2005 est.) $NA
Dependency status - overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Vicki HUDDLESTON


embassy: Entoto Street, Addis Ababa


mailing address: P. O. Box 1014, Addis Ababa


telephone: [251] (1) 517-4000


FAX: [251] (1) 517-4888
none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Samuel ASSEFA


chancery: 3506 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 364-1200


FAX: [1] (202) 587-0195


consulate(s) general: Los Angeles


consulate(s): New York
none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by the 2002 Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission's (EEBC) delimitation decision, but mutual animosities, accusations, and armed posturing prevail, preventing demarcation despite international intervention; Ethiopia refuses to withdraw to the delimited boundary until technical errors made by the EEBC that ignored "human geography" are addressed, including the award of Badme, the focus of the 1998-2000 war; Eritrea insists that the EEBC decision be implemented immediately without modifications; Ethiopia has only an administrative line and no international border with the Oromo region of southern Somalia where it maintains alliances with local clans in opposition to the unrecognized Somali Interim Government in Mogadishu; "Somaliland" secessionists provide port facilities and trade ties to landlocked Ethiopia; efforts to demarcate the porous boundary with Sudan have been delayed by civil war none
Economic aid - recipient $308 million (FY00/01) $NA; note - substantial annual French subsidies
Economy - overview Ethiopia's poverty-stricken economy is based on agriculture, accounting for half of GDP, 60% of exports, and 80% of total employment. The agricultural sector suffers from frequent drought and poor cultivation practices. Coffee is critical to the Ethiopian economy with exports of some $156 million in 2002, but historically low prices have seen many farmers switching to qat to supplement income. The war with Eritrea in 1998-2000 and recurrent drought have buffeted the economy, in particular coffee production. In November 2001, Ethiopia qualified for debt relief from the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative, and in December 2005 the International Monetary Fund voted to forgive Ethiopia's debt to the body. Under Ethiopia's land tenure system, the government owns all land and provides long-term leases to the tenants; the system continues to hamper growth in the industrial sector as entrepreneurs are unable to use land as collateral for loans. Drought struck again late in 2002, leading to a 2% decline in GDP in 2003. Normal weather patterns late in 2003 helped agricultural and GDP growth recover in 2004-05. The economy depends on agriculture, tourism, light industry, and services. It also depends on France for large subsidies and imports. Tourism is a key industry, with most tourists from the US; an increasingly large number of cruise ships visit the islands. The traditional sugarcane crop is slowly being replaced by other crops, such as bananas (which now supply about 50% of export earnings), eggplant, and flowers. Other vegetables and root crops are cultivated for local consumption, although Guadeloupe is still dependent on imported food, mainly from France. Light industry features sugar and rum production. Most manufactured goods and fuel are imported. Unemployment is especially high among the young. Hurricanes periodically devastate the economy.
Electricity - consumption 1.914 billion kWh (2003) 1.209 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2003) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2003) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 2.058 billion kWh (2003) 1.3 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Denakil Depression -125 m


highest point: Ras Dejen 4,620 m
lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Soufriere 1,467 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; water shortages in some areas from water-intensive farming and poor management NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea
-
Ethnic groups Oromo 40%, Amhara and Tigre 32%, Sidamo 9%, Shankella 6%, Somali 6%, Afar 4%, Gurage 2%, other 1% black or mulatto 90%, white 5%, East Indian, Lebanese, Chinese less than 5%
Exchange rates birr per US dollar - 8.68 (2005), 8.6356 (2004), 8.5997 (2003), 8.5678 (2002), 8.4575 (2001)


note: since 24 October 2001 exchange rates are determined on a daily basis via interbank transactions regulated by the Central Bank
Euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President GIRMA Woldegiorgis (since 8 October 2001)


head of government: Prime Minister MELES Zenawi (since NA August 1995)


cabinet: Council of Ministers as provided for in the December 1994 constitution; ministers are selected by the prime minister and approved by the House of People's Representatives


elections: president elected by the House of People's Representatives for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 8 October 2001 (next to be held October 2007); prime minister designated by the party in power following legislative elections


election results: GIRMA Woldegiorgis elected president; percent of vote by the House of People's Representatives - 100%
chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Jean FEDINI (since NA 1996)

head of government:
President of the General Council Marcellin LUBETH (since NA March 1998); President of the Regional Council Lucette MICHAUX-CHEVRY (since 22 March 1992)

cabinet:
NA

elections:
French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils

election results:
NA
Exports NA bbl/day $140 million (f.o.b., 1997)
Exports - commodities coffee, qat, gold, leather products, live animals, oilseeds bananas, sugar, rum
Exports - partners Saudi Arabia 6.9%, Djibouti 6.8%, Switzerland 6.4%, Italy 5.9%, US 5.5%, Netherlands 4.2% (2005) France 60%, Martinique 18%, US 4% (1997)
Fiscal year 8 July - 7 July calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of green (top), yellow, and red with a yellow pentagram and single yellow rays emanating from the angles between the points on a light blue disk centered on the three bands; Ethiopia is the oldest independent country in Africa, and the three main colors of her flag were so often adopted by other African countries upon independence that they became known as the pan-African colors three horizontal bands, a narrow green band (top), a wide red band, and a narrow green band; the green bands are separated from the red band by two narrow white stripes; a gold five-pointed star is centered in the red band toward the hoist side; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP - purchasing power parity - $3.7 billion (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 47.5%


industry: 9.9%


services: 42.6% (2005 est.)
agriculture:
15%

industry:
17%

services:
68% (1997 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $9,000 (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 8.9% (2005 est.) NA%
Geographic coordinates 8 00 N, 38 00 E 16 15 N, 61 35 W
Geography - note landlocked - entire coastline along the Red Sea was lost with the de jure independence of Eritrea on 24 May 1993; the Blue Nile, the chief headstream of the Nile by water volume, rises in T'ana Hayk (Lake Tana) in northwest Ethiopia; three major crops are believed to have originated in Ethiopia: coffee, grain sorghum, and castor bean -
Highways - total:
2,560 km

paved:
965 km

unpaved:
1,595 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 3%


highest 10%: 33.7% (1995)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs transit hub for heroin originating in Southwest and Southeast Asia and destined for Europe and North America, as well as cocaine destined for markets in southern Africa; cultivates qat (khat) for local use and regional export, principally to Djibouti and Somalia (legal in all three countries); the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center -
Imports NA bbl/day $1.7 billion (c.i.f., 1997)
Imports - commodities food and live animals, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, machinery, motor vehicles, cereals, textiles foodstuffs, fuels, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods, construction materials
Imports - partners Saudi Arabia 14.7%, China 12.6%, US 12.4%, **COUNTRY** 9.6%, India 6.7%, Italy 4.6% (2005) France 63%, Germany 4%, US 3%, Japan 2%, Netherlands Antilles 2% (1997)
Independence oldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest in the world - at least 2,000 years none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate 6.7% (2001 est.) NA%
Industries food processing, beverages, textiles, leather, chemicals, metals processing, cement construction, cement, rum, sugar, tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 93.62 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 103.43 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 83.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
9.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 11.6% (2005 est.) NA
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, AU, COMESA, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, ONUB, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer) FZ, WCL, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 3 (2000)
Irrigated land 2,900 sq km (2003) 30 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Federal Supreme Court (the president and vice president of the Federal Supreme Court are recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the House of People's Representatives; for other federal judges, the prime minister submits to the House of People's Representatives for appointment candidates selected by the Federal Judicial Administrative Council) Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel with jurisdiction over Guadeloupe, French Guiana, and Martinique
Labor force 27.27 million 125,900 (1997)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: 80%


industry: 8%


services: 12% (1985)
NA
Land boundaries total: 5,328 km


border countries: Djibouti 349 km, Eritrea 912 km, Kenya 861 km, Somalia 1,600 km, Sudan 1,606 km
total:
10.2 km

border countries:
Netherlands Antilles (Sint Maarten) 10.2 km
Land use arable land: 10.01%


permanent crops: 0.65%


other: 89.34% (2005)
arable land:
14%

permanent crops:
4%

permanent pastures:
14%

forests and woodland:
39%

other:
29% (1993 est.)
Languages Amharic, Tigrinya, Oromigna, Guaragigna, Somali, Arabic, other local languages, English (major foreign language taught in schools) French (official) 99%, Creole patois
Legal system currently transitional mix of national and regional courts French legal system
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament consists of the House of Federation or upper chamber (108 seats; members are chosen by state assemblies to serve five-year terms) and the House of People's Representatives or lower chamber (547 seats; members are directly elected by popular vote from single-member districts to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 15 May 2005 (next to be held in 2010)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats by party - EPRDF 327, CUD 109, UEDF 52, SPDP 23, OFDM 11, BGPDUF 8, ANDP 8, independent 1, others 6, undeclared 2


note: irregularities at some polling stations necessitated the rescheduling of voting in certain constituencies
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (42 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and the unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)

elections:
General Council - last held 22 March 1998 (next to be held by NA 2004); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - diverse left parties 11, PS 8, RPR 8, PPDG 6, diverse right parties 5, PCG 3, UDF 1; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - RPR 48.03%, PS/PPDG/diverse left parties 24.49%, PCG 5.29%, diverse right parties 5.73%; seats by party - RPR 25, PS/PPDG/diverse left parties 12, PCG 2, diverse right parties 2

note:
Guadeloupe elects two representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1, FGPS 1; Guadeloupe elects four representatives to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May - 1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - FGPS 2, RPR 1, PPDG 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 49.03 years


male: 47.86 years


female: 50.24 years (2006 est.)
total population:
77.16 years

male:
74.01 years

female:
80.48 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 42.7%


male: 50.3%


female: 35.1% (2003 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
90%

male:
90%

female:
90% (1982 est.)
Location Eastern Africa, west of Somalia Caribbean, islands in the eastern Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico
Map references Africa Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims none (landlocked) exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 8 ships (1000 GRT or over) 79,441 GRT/97,669 DWT


by type: cargo 6, roll on/roll off 2 (2006)
total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,240 GRT/109 DWT

ships by type:
passenger 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF): Ground Forces, Ethiopian Air Force


note: Ethiopia is landlocked and has no navy; following the secession of Eritrea, Ethiopian naval facilities remained in Eritrean possession
French Forces, Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure $295.9 million (2005 est.) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 3.4% (2005 est.) -
National holiday National Day (defeat of MENGISTU regime), 28 May (1991) Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality noun: Ethiopian(s)


adjective: Ethiopian
noun:
Guadeloupian(s)

adjective:
Guadeloupe
Natural hazards geologically active Great Rift Valley susceptible to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions; frequent droughts hurricanes (June to October); Soufriere is an active volcano
Natural resources small reserves of gold, platinum, copper, potash, natural gas, hydropower cultivable land, beaches and climate that foster tourism
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population


note: repatriation of Ethiopian refugees residing in Sudan is expected to continue for several years; some Sudanese, Somali, and Eritrean refugees, who fled to Ethiopia from the fighting or famine in their own countries, continue to return to their homes (2006 est.)
-0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders Afar National Democratic Party or ANDP; Benishangul Gumuz People's Democratic Unity Front or BGPDUF [Mulualem BESSE]; Coalition for Unity and Democracy or CUD [HAILU Shawel]; Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front or EPRDF [MELES Zenawi] (an alliance of Amhara National Democratic Movement or ANDM, Oromo People's Democratic Organization or OPDO, the South Ethiopean People's Democratic Front or SEPDF, and TigrAyan Peoples' Liberation Front or TPLF); Gurage Nationalities' Democratic Movement or GNDM; Oromo Federalist Democratic Movement or OFDM [BULCHA Demeksa]; Somali People's Democratic Party or SPDP; United Ethopian Democratic Forces or UEDF [BEYENE Petros]; dozens of small parties Communist Party of Guadeloupe or PCG [Christian CELESTE]; Progressive Democratic Party or PPDG [Henri BANGOU]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Aldo BLAISE]; Socialist Party or PS [Georges LOUISOR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Marcel ESDRAS]
Political pressure groups and leaders Afar Revolutionary Democratic Union Front or ARDUF; Oromo Liberation Front or OLF [DAOUD Ibsa]; Oromo National Liberation Front or ONLF Christian Movement for the Liberation of Guadeloupe or KLPG; General Federation of Guadeloupe Workers or CGT-G; General Union of Guadeloupe Workers or UGTG; Movement for Independent Guadeloupe or MPGI
Population 74,777,981


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2006 est.)
431,170 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 50% (2004 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 2.31% (2006 est.) 1.07% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Basse-Terre, Gustavia (on Saint Barthelemy), Marigot, Pointe-a-Pitre
Radio broadcast stations AM 8, FM 0, shortwave 1 (2001) AM 1, FM 17, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 113,000 (1997)
Railways total: 681 km (Ethiopian segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)


narrow gauge: 681 km 1.000-m gauge


note: railway under joint control of Djibouti and Ethiopia (2005)
total:
NA km; privately owned, narrow-gauge plantation lines
Religions Muslim 45%-50%, Ethiopian Orthodox 35%-40%, animist 12%, other 3%-8% Roman Catholic 95%, Hindu and pagan African 4%, Protestant 1%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.72 male(s)/female

total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate for government use


domestic: open-wire; microwave radio relay; radio communication in the HF, VHF, and UHF frequencies; two domestic satellites provide the national trunk service


international: country code - 251; open-wire to Sudan and Djibouti; microwave radio relay to Kenya and Djibouti; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean)
general assessment:
domestic facilities inadequate

domestic:
NA

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); microwave radio relay to Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, and Martinique
Telephones - main lines in use 610,300 (2005) 171,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular 410,600 (2005) NA
Television broadcast stations 1 plus 24 repeaters (2002) 5 (plus several low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain high plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley Basse-Terre is volcanic in origin with interior mountains; Grande-Terre is low limestone formation; most of the seven other islands are volcanic in origin
Total fertility rate 5.22 children born/woman (2006 est.) 1.93 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 27.8% (1998)
Waterways - none
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