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Compare Djibouti (2001) - Netherlands (2005)

Compare Djibouti (2001) z Netherlands (2005)

 Djibouti (2001)Netherlands (2005)
 DjiboutiNetherlands
Administrative divisions 5 districts (cercles, singular - cercle); 'Ali Sabih, Dikhil, Djibouti, Obock, Tadjoura 12 provinces (provincies, singular - provincie); Drenthe, Flevoland, Friesland (Fryslan), Gelderland, Groningen, Limburg, Noord-Brabant, Noord-Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland, Zuid-Holland
Age structure 0-14 years:
42.58% (male 98,314; female 97,859)

15-64 years:
54.58% (male 132,619; female 118,841)

65 years and over:
2.84% (male 6,787; female 6,280) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 18.1% (male 1,523,316/female 1,453,232)


15-64 years: 67.8% (male 5,627,007/female 5,491,802)


65 years and over: 14.1% (male 974,037/female 1,338,097) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products fruits, vegetables; goats, sheep, camels grains, potatoes, sugar beets, fruits, vegetables; livestock
Airports 12 (2000 est.) 27 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 20


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 8


1,524 to 2,437 m: 4


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
5

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total: 7


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)
Area total:
22,000 sq km

land:
21,980 sq km

water:
20 sq km
total: 41,526 sq km


land: 33,883 sq km


water: 7,643 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Massachusetts slightly less than twice the size of New Jersey
Background The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. A peace accord in 1994 ended a three-year uprising by Afars rebels. The Kingdom of the Netherlands was formed in 1815. In 1830 Belgium seceded and formed a separate kingdom. The Netherlands remained neutral in World War I, but suffered invasion and occupation by Germany in World War II. A modern, industrialized nation, the Netherlands is also a large exporter of agricultural products. The country was a founding member of NATO and the EEC (now the EU), and participated in the introduction of the euro in 1999.
Birth rate 40.66 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 11.14 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues:
$133 million

expenditures:
$187 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
revenues: $256.9 billion


expenditures: $274.4 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
Capital Djibouti Amsterdam; The Hague is the seat of government
Climate desert; torrid, dry temperate; marine; cool summers and mild winters
Coastline 314 km 451 km
Constitution multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September 1992 adopted 1815; amended many times, last time 2002
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Djibouti

conventional short form:
Djibouti

former:
French Territory of the Afars and Issas, French Somaliland
conventional long form: Kingdom of the Netherlands


conventional short form: Netherlands


local long form: Koninkrijk der Nederlanden


local short form: Nederland
Currency Djiboutian franc (DJF) -
Death rate 14.66 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 8.68 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $356 million (1999 est.) -
Dependent areas - Aruba, Netherlands Antilles
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Donald YAMAMOTO

embassy:
Plateau du Serpent, Boulevard Marechal Joffre, Djibouti

mailing address:
B. P. 185, Djibouti

telephone:
[253] 35 39 95

FAX:
[253] 35 39 40
chief of mission: Ambassador Clifford M. SOBEL


embassy: Lange Voorhout 102, 2514 EJ, The Hague


mailing address: PSC 71, Box 1000, APO AE 09715


telephone: [31] (70) 310-9209


FAX: [31] (70) 361-4688


consulate(s) general: Amsterdam
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador ROBLE Olhaye Oudine

chancery:
Suite 515, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005

telephone:
[1] (202) 331-0270

FAX:
[1] (202) 331-0302
chief of mission: Ambassador Boudewijn J. VAN EENENNAAM


chancery: 4200 Linnean Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 244-5300


FAX: [1] (202) 362-3430


consulate(s) general: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York


consulate(s): Boston
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - donor - ODA, $4 billion (2003 est.)
Economic aid - recipient $106.3 million (1995) -
Economy - overview The economy is based on service activities connected with the country's strategic location and status as a free trade zone in northeast Africa. Two-thirds of the inhabitants live in the capital city, the remainder being mostly nomadic herders. Scanty rainfall limits crop production to fruits and vegetables, and most food must be imported. Djibouti provides services as both a transit port for the region and an international transshipment and refueling center. It has few natural resources and little industry. The nation is, therefore, heavily dependent on foreign assistance to help support its balance of payments and to finance development projects. An unemployment rate of 40% to 50% continues to be a major problem. Inflation is not a concern, however, because of the fixed tie of the franc to the US dollar. Per capita consumption dropped an estimated 35% over the last seven years because of recession, civil war, and a high population growth rate (including immigrants and refugees). Faced with a multitude of economic difficulties, the government has fallen in arrears on long-term external debt and has been struggling to meet the stipulations of foreign aid donors. The year 2001 will see only small growth as port activity should decrease now that Ethiopia has more trade route options. The Netherlands has a prosperous and open economy, which depends heavily on foreign trade. The economy is noted for stable industrial relations, moderate unemployment and inflation, a sizable current account surplus, and an important role as a European transportation hub. Industrial activity is predominantly in food processing, chemicals, petroleum refining, and electrical machinery. A highly mechanized agricultural sector employs no more than 4% of the labor force but provides large surpluses for the food-processing industry and for exports. The Netherlands, along with 11 of its EU partners, began circulating the euro currency on 1 January 2002. The country continues to be one of the leading European nations for attracting foreign direct investment. Economic growth slowed considerably in 2001-04, as part of the global economic slowdown, but for the four years before that, annual growth averaged nearly 4%, well above the EU average.
Electricity - consumption 167.4 million kWh (1999) 100.7 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 4.5 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 20.9 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 180 million kWh (1999) 90.61 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Lac Assal -155 m

highest point:
Moussa Ali 2,028 m
lowest point: Zuidplaspolder -7 m


highest point: Vaalserberg 322 m
Environment - current issues inadequate supplies of potable water; desertification water pollution in the form of heavy metals, organic compounds, and nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates; air pollution from vehicles and refining activities; acid rain
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Kyoto Protocol, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
Ethnic groups Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian 5% Dutch 83%, other 17% (of which 9% are non-Western origin mainly Turks, Moroccans, Antilleans, Surinamese, and Indonesians) (1999 est.)
Exchange rates Djiboutian francs per US dollar - 177.721 (fixed rate since 1973) euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state:
President GUELLEH Ismail Omar (since 8 May 1999);

head of government:
Prime Minister DILLEITA Mohamed Dilleita (since 4 March 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers responsible to the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a six-year term; election last held 9 April 1999 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
GUELLEH Ismail Omar elected president; percent of vote - GUELLEH Ismail Omar 74.4%, IDRIS Moussa Ahmed 25.6%
chief of state: Queen BEATRIX (since 30 April 1980); Heir Apparent WILLEM-ALEXANDER (born 27 April 1967), son of the monarch


head of government: Prime Minister Jan Peter BALKENENDE (since 22 July 2002) and Deputy Prime Ministers Gerrit ZALM (since 27 May 2003) and Laurens Jan BRINKHORST (since 31 March 2005)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch


elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; following Second Chamber elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch; vice prime ministers appointed by the monarch


note: there is also a Council of State composed of the monarch, heir apparent, and councilors that provides consultations to the cabinet on legislative and administrative policy
Exports $260 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) 1.418 million bbl/day (2001)
Exports - commodities reexports, hides and skins, coffee (in transit) machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels; foodstuffs
Exports - partners Somalia 53%, Yemen 23%, Ethiopia 5%, (1998) Germany 25%, Belgium 12.4%, UK 10.1%, France 9.9%, Italy 6%, US 4.3% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of light blue (top) and light green with a white isosceles triangle based on the hoist side bearing a red five-pointed star in the center three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and blue; similar to the flag of Luxembourg, which uses a lighter blue and is longer; one of the oldest flags in constant use, originating with WILLIAM I, Prince of Orange, in the latter half of the 16th century
GDP purchasing power parity - $574 million (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
3%

industry:
22%

services:
75% (1998 est.)
agriculture: 2.4%


industry: 24.5%


services: 73.1% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $29,500 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 2% (2000 est.) 1.2% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 11 30 N, 43 00 E 52 30 N, 5 45 E
Geography - note strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland located at mouths of three major European rivers (Rhine, Maas or Meuse, and Schelde)
Heliports - 1 (2004 est.)
Highways total:
2,890 km

paved:
364 km

unpaved:
2,526 km (1996)
total: 116,500 km


paved: 104,850 km (including 2,235 km of expressways)


unpaved: 11,650 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 2.8%


highest 10%: 25.1% (1994)
Illicit drugs - major European producer of ecstasy, illicit amphetamines, and other synthetic drugs; important gateway for cocaine, heroin, and hashish entering Europe; major source of US-bound ecstasy; large financial sector vulnerable to money laundering
Imports $440 million (f.o.b., 1999 est.) 2.284 million bbl/day (2001)
Imports - commodities foods, beverages, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum products machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, fuels; foodstuffs, clothing
Imports - partners France 13%, Ethiopia 12%, Italy 9%, Saudi Arabia 6%, UK 6% (1998) Germany 17.9%, Belgium 9.9%, US 7.9%, China 7.4%, UK 6.4%, France 4.8% (2004)
Independence 27 June 1977 (from France) 23 January 1579 (the northern provinces of the Low Countries conclude the Union of Utrecht breaking with Spain; it was not until 1648 that Spain recognized their independence)
Industrial production growth rate 3% (1996 est.) 0.8% (2004 est.)
Industries limited to a few small-scale enterprises, such as dairy products and mineral-water bottling agroindustries, metal and engineering products, electrical machinery and equipment, chemicals, petroleum, construction, microelectronics, fishing
Infant mortality rate 101.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 5.04 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 5.62 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2% (2000 est.) 1.4% (2004 est.)
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, Benelux, BIS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, ONUB, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WEU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 5,650 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Cour Supreme Supreme Court or Hoge Raad (justices are nominated for life by the monarch)
Labor force 282,000 7.53 million (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 75%, industry 11%, services 14% (1991 est.) agriculture 4%, industry 23%, services 73% (1998 est.)
Land boundaries total:
508 km

border countries:
Eritrea 113 km, Ethiopia 337 km, Somalia 58 km
total: 1,027 km


border countries: Belgium 450 km, Germany 577 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
9%

forests and woodland:
0%

other:
91% (1993 est.)
arable land: 26.71%


permanent crops: 0.97%


other: 72.32% (2001)
Languages French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar Dutch (official), Frisian (official)
Legal system based on French civil law system, traditional practices, and Islamic law civil law system incorporating French penal theory; constitution does not permit judicial review of acts of the States General; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Chambre des Deputes (65 seats; members elected by popular vote for five-year terms)

elections:
last held 19 December 1997 (next to be held NA 2002)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - RPP 65; note - RPP (the ruling party) dominated the election
bicameral States General or Staten Generaal consists of the First Chamber or Eerste Kamer (75 seats; members indirectly elected by the country's 12 provincial councils for four-year terms) and the Second Chamber or Tweede Kamer (150 seats; members directly elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)


elections: First Chamber - last held 25 May 2003 (next to be held May 2007); Second Chamber - last held 22 January 2003 (next to be held May 2007)


election results: First Chamber - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CDA 23, PvdA 19, VVD 15, Green Party 5, Socialist Party 4, D66 3, other 6; Second Chamber - percent of vote by party - CDA 28.6%, PvdA 27.3%, VVD 12.9%, Socialist Party 6.3%, List Pim Fortuyn 5.7%, Green Party 5.1%, D66 4.1%; seats by party - CDA 44, PvdA 42, VVD 28, Socialist Party 9, List Pim Fortuyn 8, Green Party 8, D66 6, other 5
Life expectancy at birth total population:
51.21 years

male:
49.37 years

female:
53.1 years (2001 est.)
total population: 78.81 years


male: 76.25 years


female: 81.51 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
46.2%

male:
60.3%

female:
32.7% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99% (2000 est.)


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between Belgium and Germany
Map references Africa Europe
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,369 GRT/3,030 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 1 (2000 est.)
total: 558 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 4,796,460 GRT/5,212,557 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 14, cargo 361, chemical tanker 32, container 48, liquefied gas 13, passenger 11, passenger/cargo 14, petroleum tanker 14, refrigerated cargo 32, roll on/roll off 15, specialized tanker 4


foreign-owned: 139 (Bahamas 5, Belgium 2, Canada 1, Denmark 4, Finland 7, Germany 62, Ireland 13, Norway 9, Sweden 19, United Kingdom 6, United States 11)


registered in other countries: 223 (2005)
Military branches Djibouti National Army (includes Navy and Air Force) Royal Netherlands Army, Royal Netherlands Navy (includes Naval Air Service and Marine Corps), Royal Netherlands Air Force (Koninklijke Luchtmacht, KLu), Royal Constabulary, Defense Interservice Command (DICO) (2004)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $23 million (FY97) $9.408 billion (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 4.5% (FY97) 1.6% (2004)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
108,038 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
63,589 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 27 June (1977) Queen's Day (Birthday of Queen-Mother JULIANA in 1909 and accession to the throne of her oldest daughter BEATRIX in 1980), 30 April
Nationality noun:
Djiboutian(s)

adjective:
Djiboutian
noun: Dutchman(men), Dutchwoman(women)


adjective: Dutch
Natural hazards earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods flooding
Natural resources geothermal areas natural gas, petroleum, peat, limestone, salt, sand and gravel, arable land
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 2.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Pipelines - condensate 325 km; gas 6,998 km; oil 590 km; refined products 716 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders Democratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh]; Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; People's Progress Assembly or RPP (governing party) [Ismail Omar GELLEH] Christian Democratic Appeal or CDA [Maxime Jacques Marcel VERHAGEN]; Christian Union Party [Andre ROUVOET]; Democrats 66 or D66 [Boris DITTRICH]; Green Party [Femke HALSEMA]; Labor Party or PvdA [Wouter BOS]; List Pim Fortuyn [Gerard van AS]; People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (Liberal) or VVD [Jozias VAN AARTSEN]; Socialist Party [Jan MARIJNISSEN]; plus a few minor parties
Political pressure groups and leaders Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy or FRUD and affiliates; Movement for Unity and Democracy or MUD Netherlands Trade Union Federation (FNV) (consisting of a merger of Socialist and Catholic trade unions); Christian Trade Union Federation (CNV); Trade Union Federation of Middle and High Personnel (MHP); Federation of Catholic and Protestant Employers Associations; Interchurch Peace Council or IKV; large multinational firms; the nondenominational Federation of Netherlands Enterprises
Population 460,700 (July 2001 est.) 16,407,491 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA
Population growth rate 2.6% (2001 est.) 0.53% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Djibouti Amsterdam, Groningen, Ijmuiden, Rotterdam, Terneuzen, Vlissingen, Zaanstad
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 4, FM 246, shortwave 3 (2004)
Radios 52,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
100 km (Djibouti segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)

narrow gauge:
100 km 1.000-m gauge

note:
Djibouti and Ethiopia plan to revitalize the century-old railroad that links their capitals by 2003
total: 2,808 km


standard gauge: 2,808 km 1.435-m gauge (2,061 km electrified) (2004)
Religions Muslim 94%, Christian 6% Roman Catholic 31%, Dutch Reformed 13%, Calvinist 7%, Muslim 5.5%, other 2.5%, none 41% (2002)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.12 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.08 male(s)/female

total population:
1.07 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage NA years of age; universal adult 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
telephone facilities in the city of Djibouti are adequate as are the microwave radio relay connections to outlying areas of the country

domestic:
microwave radio relay network

international:
submarine cable to Jiddah, Suez, Sicily, Marseilles, Colombo, and Singapore; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; Medarabtel regional microwave radio relay telephone network
general assessment: highly developed and well maintained


domestic: extensive fixed-line fiber-optic network; cellular telephone system is one of the largest in Europe with five major network operators utilizing the third generation of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)


international: country code - 31; 9 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 2 Atlantic Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions) (2004)
Telephones - main lines in use 8,000 (1997) 10.004 million (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 203 (1997) 12.5 million (2003)
Television broadcast stations 1 (plus 5 low-power repeaters) (1998) 21 (plus 26 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains mostly coastal lowland and reclaimed land (polders); some hills in southeast
Total fertility rate 5.72 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.66 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 50% (2000 est.) 6% (2004 est.)
Waterways none 5,046 km (navigable for ships of 50 tons) (2004)
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