Compare Burundi (2003) - Burundi (2004)

Compare Burundi (2003) z Burundi (2004)

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	Burundi (2003)	Burundi (2004)

Age structure	0-14 years: 46.7% (male 1,438,759; female 1,409,567) 15-64 years: 50.6% (male 1,516,833; female 1,564,513) 65 years and over: 2.7% (male 66,355; female 100,129) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 46.4% (male 1,459,251; female 1,430,332) 15-64 years: 50.9% (male 1,566,274; female 1,607,705) 65 years and over: 2.7% (male 66,306; female 101,353) (2004 est.)
Airports	7 (2002)	8 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2002)	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Background	Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only four months in office. Since then, some 200,000 Burundians have perished in widespread, often intense ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. Hundreds of thousands have been internally displaced or have become refugees in neighboring countries. Burundi troops, seeking to secure their borders, intervened in the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1998. More recently, many of these troops have been redeployed back to Burundi to deal with periodic upsurges in rebel activity. A new transitional government, inaugurated on 1 November 2001, was to be the first step toward holding national elections in three years. While the Government of Burundi signed a cease-fire agreement in December 2002 with three of Burundi's four Hutu rebel groups, implementation of the agreement has been problematic and one rebel group refuses to sign on, clouding prospects for a sustainable peace.	Burundi's first democratically elected president was assassinated in October 1993 after only one hundred days in office. Since then, some 200,000 Burundians have perished in widespread, often intense ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. Hundreds of thousands have been internally displaced or have become refugees in neighboring countries. Burundi troops, seeking to secure their borders, briefly intervened in the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1998. A new transitional government, inaugurated on 1 November 2001, signed a power-sharing agreement with the largest rebel faction in December 2003 and set in place a provisional constitution in October 2004. Implementation of the agreement has been problematic, however, as one remaining rebel group refuses to sign on and elections have been repeatedly delayed, clouding prospects for a sustainable peace.
Birth rate	39.72 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	39.68 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $125 million expenditures: $176 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)	revenues: $179.4 million expenditures: $209 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2003)
Constitution	13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural political system; supplanted on 6 June 1998 by a Transitional Constitution which enlarged the National Assembly and created two vice presidents	13 March 1992; provided for establishment of a plural political system; supplanted on 20 October 2004 by a provisional constitution approved by the parliament, which extended the transition, set ethnic quotas for government positions, and tentatively scheduled elections for February-April 2005
Death rate	17.8 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	17.61 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	$1.14 billion (2001)	$1.133 billion (2002)
Economy - overview	Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The economy is predominantly agricultural with roughly 90% of the population dependent on subsistence agriculture. Economic growth depends on coffee and tea exports, which account for 90% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to pay for imports, therefore, rests primarily on weather conditions and international coffee and tea prices. The Tutsi minority, 14% of the population, dominates the government and the coffee trade at the expense of the Hutu majority, 85% of the population. Since October 1993 an ethnic-based war has resulted in the death of over 200,000 persons, sent 800,000 refugees into Tanzania, and displaced 525,000 others internally. Doubts about the prospects for sustainable peace continue to impede development. Only one in two children go to school, and approximately one in ten adults has HIV/AIDS. Food, medicine, and electricity remain in short supply.	Burundi is a landlocked, resource-poor country with an underdeveloped manufacturing sector. The economy is predominantly agricultural with roughly 90% of the population dependent on subsistence agriculture. Economic growth depends on coffee and tea exports, which account for 90% of foreign exchange earnings. The ability to pay for imports, therefore, rests primarily on weather conditions and international coffee and tea prices. The Tutsi minority, 14% of the population, dominates the government and the coffee trade at the expense of the Hutu majority, 85% of the population. Since October 1993 an ethnic-based war has resulted in more than 200,000 deaths, forced 800,000 refugees into Tanzania, and displaced 525,000 others internally. Doubts about the prospects for sustainable peace continue to impede development. Only one in two children go to school, and approximately one in ten adults has HIV/AIDS. Food, medicine, and electricity remain in short supply.
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 0.6% hydro: 99.4% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Exchange rates	Burundi francs per US dollar - NA (2002), 830.35 (2001), 720.67 (2000), 563.56 (1999), 447.77 (1998)	Burundi francs per US dollar - 1,082.62 (2003), 930.75 (2002), 830.35 (2001), 720.67 (2000), 563.56 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 30 April 2003); note - NDAYIZEYE, a Hutu, was sworn in as president for the second half of the three-year transitional government inaugurated on 1 November 2001; Vice President Alphonse KADEGE (since 30 April 2003); note - from the Tutsi minority head of government: President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 30 April 2003); note - NDAYIZEYE, a Hutu, was sworn in as president for the second half of the three-year transitional government inaugurated on 1 November 2001; Vice President Alphonse KADEGE (since 30 April 2003); note - from the Tutsi minority cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by president elections: NA; current president assumed power on 30 April 2003 as part of the transitional government established by the 2000 Arusha Accord	chief of state: President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 30 April 2003); note - NDAYIZEYE, a Hutu, was sworn in as president for the second half of the three-year transitional government inaugurated on 1 November 2001; Vice President Frederic NGENZEBUHORO (since 11 November 2004) head of government: President Domitien NDAYIZEYE (since 30 April 2003); note - NDAYIZEYE, a Hutu, was sworn in as president for the second half of the three-year transitional government inaugurated on 1 November 2001; Vice President Frederic NGENZEBUHORO (since 11 November 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by president elections: NA; current president assumed power on 30 April 2003 as part of the transitional government established by the 2000 Arusha Accord
Exports - partners	Switzerland 28.8%, Germany 20.2%, Belgium 9.4%, Kenya 7.8%, Rwanda 6.5%, Netherlands 4.6% (2002)	Switzerland 31.6%, UK 15.8%, Netherlands 5.3%, Rwanda 5.3% (2003)
GDP	purchasing power parity - $3.146 billion (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $3.78 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 50% industry: 19% services: 31% (2002 est.)	agriculture: 47.4% industry: 19.3% services: 33.3% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $500 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $600 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	4.5% (2002 est.)	-1.3% (2003 est.)
Imports - partners	Belgium 12.4%, Saudi Arabia 12.3%, Tanzania 9.3%, Kenya 7.7%, France 7.4%, India 4.5% (2002)	Kenya 14.6%, Tanzania 11.5%, Uganda 5.7%, France 5.1%, Zambia 5.1%, China 4.5%, India 4.5%, Japan 4.5% (2003)
Infant mortality rate	total: 71.54 deaths/1,000 live births male: 78.45 deaths/1,000 live births female: 64.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	total: 70.4 deaths/1,000 live births male: 77.15 deaths/1,000 live births female: 63.45 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	12% (2002 est.)	10.7% (2003 est.)
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CEEAC, CEPGL, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, CEPGL, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Labor force	3.7 million (2000)	2.99 million (2002)
Labor force - by occupation	NA	agriculture 93.6%, industry 2.3%, services 4.1% (2002 est.)
Land use	arable land: 29.98% permanent crops: 12.85% other: 57.17% (1998 est.)	arable land: 35.05% permanent crops: 14.02% other: 50.93% (2001)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 43.2 years male: 42.54 years female: 43.88 years (2003 est.)	total population: 43.36 years male: 42.73 years female: 44 years (2004 est.)
Military branches	Army (including naval and air units), Gendarmerie	Army (including Naval Detachment and Air Wing), National Gendarmerie
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$42.13 million (FY02)	$33.3 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	5.3% (FY02)	6% (2003)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 1,375,900 (2003 est.)	males age 15-49: 1,419,755 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 723,516 (2003 est.)	males age 15-49: 747,400 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - military age	16 years of age (2003 est.)	-
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 79,462 (2003 est.)	males: 81,862 (2004 est.)
Net migration rate	-0.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	-0.06 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Population	6,096,156 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)	6,231,221 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	70% (2002 est.)	68% (2002 est.)
Population growth rate	2.18% (2003 est.)	2.2% (2004 est.)
Railways	0 km	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.66 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Telephone system	general assessment: primitive system domestic: sparse system of open-wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relay international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)	general assessment: primitive system domestic: sparse system of open-wire, radiotelephone communications, and low-capacity microwave radio relay international: country code - 257; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	18,000 (2002)	23,900 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular	30,000 (2002)	64,000 (2003)
Total fertility rate	5.99 children born/woman (2003 est.)	5.9 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	NA
Waterways	Lake Tanganyika	mainly on Lake Tanganyika (2004)

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