Main page Compare countries Index countries Index fields

Query:
Jah-Jah.pl / Index countries / Brunei (2005) - Slovakia (2002) / Compare countries
##ciekawa_strona##

Compare Brunei (2005) - Slovakia (2002)

Compare Brunei (2005) z Slovakia (2002)

 Brunei (2005)Slovakia (2002)
 BruneiSlovakia
Administrative divisions 4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara, Temburong, Tutong 8 regions (kraje, singular - kraj); Banskobystricky, Bratislavsky, Kosicky, Nitriansky, Presovsky, Trenciansky, Trnavsky, Zilinsky
Age structure 0-14 years: 28.6% (male 54,342/female 52,084)


15-64 years: 68.4% (male 134,908/female 119,814)


65 years and over: 3% (male 5,301/female 5,912) (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 18.3% (male 508,256; female 484,739)


15-64 years: 70.1% (male 1,888,705; female 1,910,842)


65 years and over: 11.6% (male 237,770; female 392,054) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, vegetables, fruits, chickens, water buffalo grains, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, cattle, poultry; forest products
Airports 2 (2004 est.) 34 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 17


over 3,047 m: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 7 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
total: 17


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 9


under 914 m: 7 (2002)
Area total: 5,770 sq km


land: 5,270 sq km


water: 500 sq km
total: 48,845 sq km


land: 48,800 sq km


water: 45 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Delaware about twice the size of New Hampshire
Background The Sultanate of Brunei's influence peaked between the 15th and 17th centuries when its control extended over coastal areas of northwest Borneo and the southern Philippines. Brunei subsequently entered a period of decline brought on by internal strife over royal succession, colonial expansion of European powers, and piracy. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate; independence was achieved in 1984. The same family has ruled Brunei for over six centuries. Brunei benefits from extensive petroleum and natural gas fields, the source of one of the highest per capita GDPs in the developing world. In 1918 the Slovaks joined the closely related Czechs to form Czechoslovakia. Following the chaos of World War II, Czechoslovakia became a Communist nation within Soviet-ruled Eastern Europe. Soviet influence collapsed in 1989 and Czechoslovakia once more became free. The Slovaks and the Czechs agreed to separate peacefully on 1 January 1993. Historic, political, and geographic factors have caused Slovakia to experience more difficulty in developing a modern market economy than some of its Central European neighbors.
Birth rate 19.01 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 10.09 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues: $4.9 billion


expenditures: $4.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.35 billion (2003 est.)
revenues: $5.2 billion


expenditures: $5.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999)
Capital Bandar Seri Begawan Bratislava
Climate tropical; hot, humid, rainy temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters
Coastline 161 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984) ratified 1 September 1992, fully effective 1 January 1993; changed in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president; amended February 2001 to allow Slovakia to apply for NATO and EU membership
Country name conventional long form: Negara Brunei Darussalam


conventional short form: Brunei
conventional long form: Slovak Republic


conventional short form: Slovakia


local long form: Slovenska Republika


local short form: Slovensko
Currency - Slovak koruna (SKK)
Death rate 3.42 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 9.22 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $0 $9.6 billion (2002 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Emil SKODON


embassy: Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan


mailing address: PSC 470 (BSB), FPO AP 96507


telephone: [673] (2) 229670


FAX: [673] (2) 225293
chief of mission: Ambassador Ronald WEISER


embassy: Hviezdoslavovo Namestie 4, 81102 Bratislava


mailing address: P.O. Box 309, 814 99 Bratislava


telephone: [421] (2) 5443-3338, 5443-0861


FAX: [421] (2) 5443-0096
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Pengiran Anak Dato PUTEH


chancery: 3520 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 237-1838


FAX: [1] (202) 885-0560
chief of mission: Ambassador Martin BUTORA


chancery: 3523 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 237-1054


FAX: [1] (202) 237-6438
Disputes - international in 2003 Brunei and Malaysia ceased gas and oil exploration in their disputed offshore and deepwater seabeds and negotiations have stalemated prompting consideration of international legal adjudication; Malaysia's land boundary with Brunei around Limbang is in dispute; Brunei established an exclusive economic fishing zone encompassing Louisa Reef in southern Spratly Islands in 1984 but makes no public territorial claim to the offshore reefs; the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea" has eased tensions in the Spratly Islands but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct" desired by several of the disputants Slovakia requested additional ICJ judgment in 1998, and talks continue to set modalities to assure Hungarian compliance with 1997 ICJ decision to proceed with construction of Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Dam, abandoned by Hungary in 1989
Economic aid - recipient NA ODA $113 million (2000 est.)
Economy - overview This small, well-to-do economy encompasses a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation, welfare measures, and village tradition. Crude oil and natural gas production account for nearly half of GDP. Per capita GDP is far above most other Third World countries, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements income from domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and free education through the university level and subsidizes rice and housing. Brunei's leaders are concerned that steadily increased integration in the world economy will undermine internal social cohesion, although it became a more prominent player by serving as chairman for the 2000 APEC (Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation) forum. Plans for the future include upgrading the labor force, reducing unemployment, strengthening the banking and tourist sectors, and, in general, further widening the economic base beyond oil and gas. Slovakia has mastered much of the difficult transition from a centrally planned economy to a modern market economy. The DZURINDA government has made excellent progress in 2001-02 in macroeconomic stabilization and structural reform. Major privatizations are nearly complete, the banking sector is almost completely in foreign hands, and foreign investment has picked up. Slovakia's economy exceeded expectations in 2001-02, despite the general European slowdown. Unemployment, at an unacceptable 17.2% in 2002, remains the economy's Achilles heel. The government faces other strong challenges in 2003, especially the cutting of budget and current account deficits and the prevention of a revival of inflation.
Electricity - consumption 2.286 billion kWh (2002) 25.203 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) 4.9 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2002) 4.5 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 2.458 billion kWh (2002) 27.53 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 35%


hydro: 17%


nuclear: 48%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: Bukit Pagon 1,850 m
lowest point: Bodrok River 94 m


highest point: Gerlachovsky Stit 2,655 m
Environment - current issues seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia air pollution from metallurgical plants presents human health risks; acid rain damaging forests
Environment - international agreements party to: Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Malay 67%, Chinese 15%, indigenous 6%, other 12% Slovak 85.7%, Hungarian 10.6%, Roma 1.6% (the 1992 census figures underreport the Gypsy/Romany community, which is about 500,000), Czech, Moravian, Silesian 1.1%, Ruthenian and Ukrainian 0.6%, German 0.1%, Polish 0.1%, other 0.2% (1996)
Exchange rates Bruneian dollars per US dollar - 1.6902 (2004), 1.7422 (2003), 1.7906 (2002), 1.7917 (2001), 1.724 (2000) koruny per US dollar - 47.792 (September 2001), 46.035 (2000), 41.363 (1999), 35.233 (1998), 33.616 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Council of Cabinet Ministers appointed and presided over by the monarch; deals with executive matters; note - there is also a Religious Council (members appointed by the monarch) that advises on religious matters, a Privy Council (members appointed by the monarch) that deals with constitutional matters, and the Council of Succession (members appointed by the monarch) that determines the succession to the throne if the need arises


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary
chief of state: President Rudolf SCHUSTER (since 15 June 1999)


head of government: Prime Minister Mikulas DZURINDA (since 30 October 1998)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: president elected by direct, popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 29 May 1999 (next to be held NA May/June 2004); following National Council elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president


election results: Rudolf SCHUSTER elected president in the first direct, popular election; percent of vote - Rudolf SCHUSTER 57%


note: government coalition - SDK, SDL, SMK, SOP, KDH
Exports 199,000 bbl/day (2003) $12.9 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)
Exports - commodities crude oil, natural gas, refined products machinery and transport equipment 39.4%, intermediate manufactured goods 27.5%, miscellaneous manufactured goods 13%, chemicals 8% (1999)
Exports - partners Japan 38.1%, South Korea 14%, Australia 11.2%, US 8.6%, Thailand 7.9%, Indonesia 5.9%, China 4.5% (2004) EU 59.9% (Germany 27.0%, Italy 8.8%, Austria 8.1%), Czech Republic 16.6% (2001)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red superimposed with the Slovak cross in a shield centered on the hoist side; the cross is white centered on a background of red and blue
GDP - purchasing power parity - $66 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 5%


industry: 45%


services: 50% (2001 est.)
agriculture: 5%


industry: 34%


services: 61% (2000)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $23,600 (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $12,200 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.2% (2003 est.) 4% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 4 30 N, 114 40 E 48 40 N, 19 30 E
Geography - note close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave of Malaysia landlocked; most of the country is rugged and mountainous; the Tatra Mountains in the north are interspersed with many scenic lakes and valleys
Heliports 3 (2004 est.) 1 (2002)
Highways total: 2,525 km


paved: 2,525 km


unpaved: 0 km (2000)
total: 17,710 km


paved: 17,533 km (including 288 km of expressways)


unpaved: 177 km (1998 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%: 5%


highest 10%: 18% (1992) (1992)
Illicit drugs drug trafficking and illegally importing controlled substances are serious offenses in Brunei and carry a mandatory death penalty transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe; producer of synthetic drugs for regional market
Imports NA $15.4 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals machinery and transport equipment 37.7%, intermediate manufactured goods 18%, fuels 13%, chemicals 11%, miscellaneous manufactured goods 9.5% (1999)
Imports - partners Singapore 32.7%, Malaysia 21.2%, UK 8.3%, Japan 7.2% (2004) EU 49.8% (Germany 24.7%, Italy 6.4%), Czech Republic 15.1%, Russia 14.8% (2001)
Independence 1 January 1984 (from UK) 1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia)
Industrial production growth rate 5% (2002 est.) 4.4% (2002 est.)
Industries petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction metal and metal products; food and beverages; electricity, gas, coke, oil, nuclear fuel; chemicals and manmade fibers; machinery; paper and printing; earthenware and ceramics; transport vehicles; textiles; electrical and optical apparatus; rubber products
Infant mortality rate total: 12.61 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 15.93 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 9.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
8.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 0.3% (2003 est.) 3.3% (2002 est.)
International organization participation APEC, APT, ARF, ASEAN, C, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CCC, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (guest), NSG, OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNTAET, UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WEU (associate partner), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 6 (2000)
Irrigated land 10 sq km (1998 est.) 1,740 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (chief justice and judges are sworn in by the monarch for three-year terms) Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Council); Constitutional Court (judges appointed by president from group of nominees approved by the National Council)
Labor force 158,000


note: includes foreign workers and military personnel; temporary residents make up about 40% of labor force (2002 est.)
3 million (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture, forestry, and fishing 10%, production of oil, natural gas, services, and construction 42%, government 48% (1999 est.) industry 29%, agriculture 9%, construction 8%, transport and communication 8%, services 46% (1994) (1994)
Land boundaries total: 381 km


border countries: Malaysia 381 km
total: 1,524 km


border countries: Austria 91 km, Czech Republic 215 km, Hungary 677 km, Poland 444 km, Ukraine 97 km
Land use arable land: 0.57%


permanent crops: 0.76%


other: 98.67% (2001)
arable land: 30.74%


permanent crops: 2.64%


other: 66.62% (1998 est.)
Languages Malay (official), English, Chinese Slovak (official), Hungarian
Legal system based on English common law; for Muslims, Islamic Shari'a law supersedes civil law in a number of areas civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to comply with the obligations of Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal theory
Legislative branch Legislative Council met on 25 September 2004 for first time in 20 years with 21 members appointed by the Sultan; passed constitutional amendments calling for a 45-seat council with 15 elected members; Sultan dissolved council on 1 September 2005 and appointed a new council with 29 members as of 2 September 2005


elections: last held in March 1962 (date of next election NA)
unicameral National Council of the Slovak Republic or Narodna Rada Slovenskej Republiky (150 seats; members are elected on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 20-21 September 2002 (next to be held NA September 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - HZDS-LS 19.5%, SDKU 15.1%, SMER 13.5%, SMK 11.2%, KDH 8.3%, ANO 8%, KSS 6.3%; seats by party - governing coalition 78 (SDKU 28, SMK 20, KDH 15, ANO 15), opposition 72 (HZDS 36, SMER 25, KSS 11)
Life expectancy at birth total population: 74.8 years


male: 72.36 years


female: 77.36 years (2005 est.)
total population: 74.2 years


male: 70.19 years


female: 78.41 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 93.9%


male: 96.3%


female: 91.4% (2002)
definition: NA


total population: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
Location Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia Central Europe, south of Poland
Map references Southeast Asia Europe
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm or to median line
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total: 8 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 465,937 GRT/413,393 DWT


by type: liquefied gas 8


foreign-owned: 8 (United Kingdom 8) (2005)
total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 15,191 GRT/19,489 DWT


ships by type: cargo 3 (2002 est.)
Military branches Royal Brunei Armed Forces: Royal Brunei Land Forces, Royal Brunei Navy, Royal Brunei Air Force Army (Ground Forces), Air and Air Defense Forces, Home Guards (Territorial Defense Forces), Civil Defense Force, Railway Armed Forces (subordinate to the Ministry of Transportation, Post, and Telecommunications)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $290.7 million (2004) $406 million (2002)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 5.1% (2004) 1.89% (2002)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 1,486,728 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 1,136,775 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males: 45,502 (2002 est.)
National holiday National Day, 23 February (1984); note - 1 January 1984 was the date of independence from the UK, 23 February 1984 was the date of independence from British protection Constitution Day, 1 September (1992)
Nationality noun: Bruneian(s)


adjective: Bruneian
noun: Slovak(s)


adjective: Slovak
Natural hazards typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are rare NA
Natural resources petroleum, natural gas, timber brown coal and lignite; small amounts of iron ore, copper and manganese ore; salt; arable land
Net migration rate 3.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 0.53 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines gas 665 km; oil 439 km (2004) petroleum products NA km; natural gas 2,700 km
Political parties and leaders National Development Party (NDP) [Yassin AFFENDI]; National Unity Party of Brunei (PPKB) [leader NA]; People's Awareness Party (PAKAR) [leader NA]


note: parties are small and inactive (2005)
Christian Democratic Movement or KDH [Pavol HRUSOVSKY]; Democratic Party or DS [Ludovit KANIK]; Direction (Smer) [Robert FICO]; Liberal Democratic Union or LDU [Jan BUDAJ]; Movement for a Democratic Slovakia-People's Party or HZDS-LS [Vladimir MECIAR]; Party of Civic Understanding or SOP [Pavol HAMZIK]; note - SSDS and SZS joined the SOP parliamentary caucus; Party of the Democratic Left or SDL [Pavel KONCOS]; Party of the Hungarian Coalition or SMK [Bela BUGAR]; Real Slovak National Party or PSNS [Jan SLOTA]; Slovak Communist Party or KSS [leader NA]; Slovak Democratic and Christian Union or SDKU [Mikulas DZURINDA]; note - this is DZURINDA's new party for the 2002 elections; he remains chairman of a rump and splintering SDK; Slovak Democratic Coalition or SDK (loose parliamentary club grouping, representing members of the smaller SSDS, SZS, and those committed to run under SDKU in 2002) [Mikulas DZURINDA]; Slovak National Party or SNS [Anna MALIKOVA]; Yes (ANO) [Paval RUSKO]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Association of Employers of Slovakia; Association of Towns and Villages or ZMOS; Confederation of Trade Unions or KOZ; Metal Workers Unions or KOVO and METALURG
Population 372,361 (July 2005 est.) 5,422,366 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate 1.9% (2005 est.) 0.14% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Lumut, Muara, Seria Bratislava, Komarno
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 10, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 15, FM 78, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios - 3.12 million (1997)
Railways - total: 3,660 km


broad gauge: 102 km 1.520-m gauge


standard gauge: 3,507 km 1.435-m gauge (1,505 km electrified; 1,011 km double-tracked)


narrow gauge: 51 km (46 km 1,000-m gauge; 5 km 0.750-m gauge) (2001)
Religions Muslim (official) 67%, Buddhist 13%, Christian 10%, indigenous beliefs and other 10% Roman Catholic 60.3%, atheist 9.7%, Protestant 8.4%, Orthodox 4.1%, other 17.5%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.13 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female


total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.61 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage none 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: service throughout the country is excellent; international service is good to East Asia, Europe, and the US


domestic: every service available


international: country code - 673; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean); digital submarine cable links to Malaysia, the Philippines, and Singapore (2001)
general assessment: a modernization and privatization program is increasing accessibility to telephone service, reducing the waiting time for new subscribers, and generally improving service quality


domestic: predominantly an analog system that is now receiving digital equipment and is being enlarged with fiber-optic cable, especially in the larger cities; mobile cellular capability has been added


international: three international exchanges (one in Bratislava and two in Banska Bystrica) are available; Slovakia is participating in several international telecommunications projects that will increase the availability of external services
Telephones - main lines in use 90,000 (2002) 1,934,558 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 137,000 (2002) 736,662 (April 1999)
Television broadcast stations 2 (1997) 38 (plus 864 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west rugged mountains in the central and northern part and lowlands in the south
Total fertility rate 2.3 children born/woman (2005 est.) 1.25 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 3.2% (2002 est.) 17.2% (2002 est.)
Waterways 209 km (navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m) (2004) 172 km (all on the Danube)
Sitemap: Compare countries listing (map site) | Country listing (map site)
Links: Add to favorites | Information about this website | Stats | Polityka prywatnosci
This page was generated in ##czas## s. Size this page: ##rozmiar_strony## kB.