Main page Compare countries Index countries Index fields

Query:
Jah-Jah.pl / Index countries / Brunei (2001) - Tunisia (2007) / Compare countries
##ciekawa_strona##

Compare Brunei (2001) - Tunisia (2007)

Compare Brunei (2001) z Tunisia (2007)

 Brunei (2001)Tunisia (2007)
 BruneiTunisia
Administrative divisions 4 districts (daerah-daerah, singular - daerah); Belait, Brunei and Muara, Temburong, Tutong 24 governorates; Ariana (Aryanah), Beja (Bajah), Ben Arous (Bin 'Arus), Bizerte (Banzart), Gabes (Qabis), Gafsa (Qafsah), Jendouba (Jundubah), Kairouan (Al Qayrawan), Kasserine (Al Qasrayn), Kebili (Qibili), Kef (Al Kaf), Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Manouba (Manubah), Medenine (Madanin), Monastir (Al Munastir), Nabeul (Nabul), Sfax (Safaqis), Sidi Bou Zid (Sidi Bu Zayd), Siliana (Silyanah), Sousse (Susah), Tataouine (Tatawin), Tozeur (Tawzar), Tunis, Zaghouan (Zaghwan)
Age structure 0-14 years:
30.77% (male 53,977; female 51,772)

15-64 years:
66.52% (male 121,601; female 107,007)

65 years and over:
2.71% (male 4,449; female 4,847) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 24% (male 1,270,208/female 1,191,619)


15-64 years: 69.2% (male 3,571,228/female 3,538,458)


65 years and over: 6.9% (male 333,801/female 370,844) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, vegetables, fruits, chickens, water buffalo olives, olive oil, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds; beef, dairy products
Airports 2 (2000 est.) 30 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total:
1

over 3,047 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 14


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 16


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 7 (2007)
Area total:
5,770 sq km

land:
5,270 sq km

water:
500 sq km
total: 163,610 sq km


land: 155,360 sq km


water: 8,250 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Delaware slightly larger than Georgia
Background The Sultanate of Brunei's heyday occurred between the 15th and 17th centuries, when its control extended over coastal areas of northwest Borneo and the southern Philippines. Brunei subsequently entered a period of decline brought on by internal strife over royal succession, colonial expansion of European powers, and piracy. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate; independence was achieved in 1984. Brunei benefits from extensive petroleum and natural gas fields, the source of one of the highest per capita GDPs in the less developed countries. The same family has now ruled in Brunei for over six centuries. Rivalry between French and Italian interests in Tunisia culminated in a French invasion in 1881 and the creation of a protectorate. Agitation for independence in the decades following World War I was finally successful in getting the French to recognize Tunisia as an independent state in 1956. The country's first president, Habib BOURGUIBA, established a strict one-party state. He dominated the country for 31 years, repressing Islamic fundamentalism and establishing rights for women unmatched by any other Arab nation. Tunisia has long taken a moderate, non-aligned stance in its foreign relations. Domestically, it has sought to defuse rising pressure for a more open political society.
Birth rate 20.45 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 15.54 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues:
$2.5 billion

expenditures:
$2.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.35 billion (1997 est.)
revenues: $7.228 billion


expenditures: $8.163 billion (2006 est.)
Capital Bandar Seri Begawan name: Tunis


geographic coordinates: 36 48 N, 10 11 E


time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate tropical; hot, humid, rainy temperate in north with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers; desert in south
Coastline 161 km 1,148 km
Constitution 29 September 1959 (some provisions suspended under a State of Emergency since December 1962, others since independence on 1 January 1984) 1 June 1959; amended 1988, 2002
Country name conventional long form:
Negara Brunei Darussalam

conventional short form:
Brunei
conventional long form: Tunisian Republic


conventional short form: Tunisia


local long form: Al Jumhuriyah at Tunisiyah


local short form: Tunis
Currency Bruneian dollar (BND) -
Death rate 3.38 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5.17 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $0 $18.55 billion (2006 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Sylvia Gaye STANFIELD

embassy:
Third Floor, Teck Guan Plaza, Jalan Sultan, Bandar Seri Begawan

mailing address:
PSC 470 (BSB), FPO AP 96507

telephone:
[673] (2) 229670

FAX:
[673] (2) 225293
chief of mission: Ambassador Robert F. GODEC


embassy: Zone Nord-Est des Berges du Lac Nord de Tunis 1053


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [216] 71 107-000


FAX: [216] 71 107-090
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Pengiran Anak Dato Haji PUTEH Ibni Mohammad Alam

chancery:
3520 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 342-0159

FAX:
[1] (202) 342-0158
chief of mission: Ambassador Nejib HACHANA


chancery: 1515 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20005


telephone: [1] (202) 862-1850


FAX: [1] (202) 862-1858
Disputes - international possibly involved in a complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with China, Malaysia, Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands, but has not publicly claimed the island none
Economic aid - recipient $4.3 million (1995) $376.5 million (2005)
Economy - overview This small, wealthy economy is a mixture of foreign and domestic entrepreneurship, government regulation and welfare measures, and village tradition. Exports of crude oil and natural gas account for over half of GDP. Per capita GDP is far above most other Third World countries, and substantial income from overseas investment supplements income from domestic production. The government provides for all medical services and subsidizes rice and housing. Brunei's leaders are concerned that steadily increased integration in the world economy will undermine internal social cohesion although it became a more prominent player by serving as chairman for the 2000 APEC (Asian Pacific Economic Cooperation) forum. Plans for the future include upgrading the labor force, reducing unemployment, strengthening the banking and tourist sectors, and, in general, a further widening of the economic base beyond oil and gas. Tunisia has a diverse economy, with important agricultural, mining, energy, tourism, and manufacturing sectors. Governmental control of economic affairs while still heavy has gradually lessened over the past decade with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, and a prudent approach to debt. Progressive social policies also have helped raise living conditions in Tunisia relative to the region. Real growth slowed to a 15-year low of 1.9% in 2002 because of agricultural drought and lackluster tourism. Increased rain helped to push GDP growth to an average rate of 5% in 2003-05. However, a recession in agriculture, weak expansion in the tourism and textile sectors, and increasing import costs due to rising world energy prices cut growth to 4% in 2006. Tunisia is gradually removing barriers to trade with the EU. Broader privatization, further liberalization of the investment code to increase foreign investment, improvements in government efficiency, and reduction of the trade deficit are among the challenges ahead.
Electricity - consumption 2.274 billion kWh (1999) 11.17 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production 2.445 billion kWh (1999) 12.85 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m

highest point:
Bukit Pagon 1,850 m
lowest point: Shatt al Gharsah -17 m


highest point: Jebel ech Chambi 1,544 m
Environment - current issues seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia toxic and hazardous waste disposal is ineffective and poses health risks; water pollution from raw sewage; limited natural fresh water resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
Environment - international agreements party to:
Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
Ethnic groups Malay 67%, Chinese 15%, indigenous 6%, other 12% Arab 98%, European 1%, Jewish and other 1%
Exchange rates Bruneian dollars per US dollar - 1.7365 (January 2001), 1.7240 (2000), 1.6950 (1999), 1.6736 (1998), 1.4848 (1997), 1.4100 (1996); note - the Bruneian dollar is at par with the Singapore dollar Tunisian dinars per US dollar - 1.331 (2006), 1.2974 (2005), 1.2455 (2004), 1.2885 (2003), 1.4217 (2002)
Executive branch chief of state:
Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
Sultan and Prime Minister Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah (since 5 October 1967); note - the monarch is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Council of Cabinet Ministers appointed and presided over by the monarch; deals with executive matters; note - there is also a Religious Council (members appointed by the monarch) that advises on religious matters, a Privy Council (members appointed by the monarch) that deals with constitutional matters, and the Council of Succession (members appointed by the monarch) that determines the succession to the throne if the need arises

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary
chief of state: President Zine el Abidine BEN ALI (since 7 November 1987)


head of government: Prime Minister Mohamed GHANNOUCHI (since 17 November 1999)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (no term limits); election last held on 24 October 2004 (next to be held in October 2009); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: President Zine El Abidine BEN ALI reelected for a fourth term; percent of vote - Zine El Abidine BEN ALI 94.5%, Mohamed BOUCHIHA 3.8%, Mohamed Ali HALOUANI 1%
Exports $2.55 billion (f.o.b., 1999 est.) NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities crude oil, natural gas, refined products clothing, semi-finished goods and textiles, agricultural products, mechanical goods, phosphates and chemicals, hydrocarbons
Exports - partners Japan 42%, US 17%, South Korea 14%, Thailand 3% (1999) France 28.9%, Italy 20.4%, Germany 8.6%, Spain 6.1%, Libya 4.9%, US 4% (2006)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description yellow with two diagonal bands of white (top, almost double width) and black starting from the upper hoist side; the national emblem in red is superimposed at the center; the emblem includes a swallow-tailed flag on top of a winged column within an upturned crescent above a scroll and flanked by two upraised hands red with a white disk in the center bearing a red crescent nearly encircling a red five-pointed star; the crescent and star are traditional symbols of Islam
GDP purchasing power parity - $5.9 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
5%

industry:
46%

services:
49% (1996 est.)
agriculture: 12.5%


industry: 33.1%


services: 54.4% (2006 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $17,600 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2000 est.) 5.2% (2006 est.)
Geographic coordinates 4 30 N, 114 40 E 34 00 N, 9 00 E
Geography - note close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave of Malaysia strategic location in central Mediterranean; Malta and Tunisia are discussing the commercial exploitation of the continental shelf between their countries, particularly for oil exploration
Heliports 3 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
1,712 km

paved:
1,284 km

unpaved:
428 km (1996)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 2.3%


highest 10%: 31.5% (2000)
Illicit drugs drug trafficking and illegally importing controlled substances are serious offenses in Brunei and carry a mandatory death penalty -
Imports $1.3 billion (c.i.f., 1999 est.) NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, chemicals textiles, machinery and equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners Singapore 34%, UK 15%, Malaysia 15%, US 5% (1999) France 25.1%, Italy 22%, Germany 9.5%, Spain 4.7% (2006)
Independence 1 January 1984 (from UK) 20 March 1956 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate 4% (1997 est.) 4.7% (2006 est.)
Industries petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas, construction petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages
Infant mortality rate 14.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 22.94 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 25.75 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 19.92 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1% (1999 est.) 4.5% (2006 est.)
International organization participation APEC, ARF, ASEAN, C, CCC, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO ABEDA, ACCT, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, AU, BSEC (observer), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LAS, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OAPEC (suspended), OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, ONUB, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land 10 sq km (1993 est.) 3,940 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (chief justice and judges are sworn in by the monarch for three-year terms) Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation
Labor force 144,000 (1995 est.); note - includes foreign workers and military personnel

note:
temporary residents make up 41% of labor force (1991)
3.503 million


note: shortage of skilled labor (2006 est.)
Labor force - by occupation government 48%, production of oil, natural gas, services, and construction 42%, agriculture, forestry, and fishing 10% (1999 est.) agriculture: 55%


industry: 23%


services: 22% (1995 est.)
Land boundaries total:
381 km

border countries:
Malaysia 381 km
total: 1,424 km


border countries: Algeria 965 km, Libya 459 km
Land use arable land:
1%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
1%

forests and woodland:
85%

other:
12% (1993 est.)
arable land: 17.05%


permanent crops: 13.08%


other: 69.87% (2005)
Languages Malay (official), English, Chinese Arabic (official and one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce)
Legal system based on English common law; for Muslims, Islamic Shari'a law supersedes civil law in a number of areas based on French civil law system and Islamic law; some judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court in joint session; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council or Majlis Masyuarat Megeri (a privy council that serves only in a consultative capacity; NA seats; members appointed by the monarch)

elections:
last held in March 1962

note:
in 1970 the Council was changed to an appointive body by decree of the monarch; an elected Legislative Council is being considered as part of constitutional reform, but elections are unlikely for several years
bicameral system consists of the Chamber of Deputies or Majlis al-Nuwaab (189 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Chamber of Advisors (126 seats; 85 members elected by municipal counselors, deputies, mayors, and professional associations and trade unions; 41 members are presidential appointees; members serve six-year terms)


elections: Chamber of Deputies - last held on 24 October 2004 (next to be held in October 2009); Chamber of Advisors - last held on 3 July 2005 (next to be held in July 2011)


election results: Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RCD 152, MDS 14, PUP 11, UDU 7, Al-Tajdid 3, PSL 2; Chamber of Advisors - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RCD 71 (14 trade union seats vacant (boycotted))
Life expectancy at birth total population:
73.82 years

male:
71.45 years

female:
76.31 years (2001 est.)
total population: 75.34 years


male: 73.6 years


female: 77.21 years (2007 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
88.2%

male:
92.6%

female:
83.4% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 74.3%


male: 83.4%


female: 65.3% (2004 census)
Location Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Libya
Map references Southeast Asia Africa
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM or to median line

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm
Merchant marine total:
7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 348,476 GRT/340,635 DWT

ships by type:
liquefied gas 7 (2000 est.)
total: 8 ships (1000 GRT or over) 130,475 GRT/91,013 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 1, cargo 1, chemical tanker 2, passenger/cargo 4


foreign-owned: 1 (Libya 1) (2007)
Military branches Land Forces, Navy, Air Force, Royal Brunei Police Army, Navy, Republic of Tunisia Air Force (Al-Quwwat al-Jawwiya al-Jamahiriyah At'tunisia) (2007)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $343 million (FY98) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 5.1% (FY98) 1.4% (2006)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
106,725 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
61,640 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
3,005 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday National Day, 23 February (1984); note - 1 January 1984 was the date of independence from the UK, 23 February 1984 was the date of independence from British protection Independence Day, 20 March (1956)
Nationality noun:
Bruneian(s)

adjective:
Bruneian
noun: Tunisian(s)


adjective: Tunisian
Natural hazards typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are very rare NA
Natural resources petroleum, natural gas, timber petroleum, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, salt
Net migration rate 4.07 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -0.47 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Pipelines crude oil 135 km; petroleum products 418 km; natural gas 920 km gas 2,945 km; oil 1,227 km; refined products 351 km (2006)
Political parties and leaders Brunei Solidarity National Party or PPKB in Malay [Haji Mohd HATTA bin Haji Zainal Abidin, president]; the PPKB is the only legal political party in Brunei; it was registered in 1985, but became largely inactive after 1988, it was revived in 1995 and again in 1998; it has less than 200 registered party members; other parties include Brunei People's Party or PRB (banned in 1962) and Brunei National Democratic Party (registered in May 1965, deregistered by the Brunei Government in 1988) Al-Tajdid Movement [Ali HALOUANI]; Constitutional Democratic Rally Party (Rassemblement Constitutionnel Democratique) or RCD (official ruling party) [President Zine El Abidine BEN ALI]; Green Party for Progress or PVP [Mongi KHAMASSI]; Liberal Social Party or PSL [Mounir BEJI]; Movement of Socialist Democrats or MDS [Ismail BOULAHYA]; Popular Unity Party or PUP [Mohamed BOUCHIHA]; Progressive Democratic Party [Nejib CHEBBI]; Unionist Democratic Union or UDU [Ahmed INOUBLI]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA 18 October Group [collective leadership]; Democratic Forum for Labor and Liberties or FDTL [Mustapha Ben JAFAAR]; Tunisian League for Human Rights or LTDH [Mokhtar TRIFI]; note - the Islamic fundamentalist party, Al Nahda (Renaissance), is outlawed
Population 343,653 (July 2001 est.) 10,276,158 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 7.4% (2005 est.)
Population growth rate 2.11% (2001 est.) 0.989% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Bandar Seri Begawan, Kuala Belait, Muara, Seria, Tutong -
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 10, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 7, FM 20, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios 329,000 (1998) -
Railways total:
13 km (private line)

narrow gauge:
13 km 0.610-m gauge
total: 2,153 km


standard gauge: 471 km 1.435-m gauge


narrow gauge: 1,674 km 1.000-m gauge (65 km electrified)


dual gauge: 8 km 1.435 m and 1.000-m gauges (three rails) (2006)
Religions Muslim (official) 67%, Buddhist 13%, Christian 10%, indigenous beliefs and other 10% Muslim 98%, Christian 1%, Jewish and other 1%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.14 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.92 male(s)/female

total population:
1.1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.066 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.009 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female


total population: 1.015 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage none 20 years of age; universal except for active duty military
Telephone system general assessment:
service throughout country is excellent; international service good to Europe, US, and East Asia

domestic:
every service available

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean); digital submarine cable links to Malaysia, Singapore, and Philippines (2001)
general assessment: above the African average and continuing to be upgraded; key centers are Sfax, Sousse, Bizerte, and Tunis; Internet access available


domestic: trunk facilities consist of open-wire lines, coaxial cable, and microwave radio relay


international: country code - 216; 5 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Algeria and Libya; participant in Medarabtel; 2 international gateway digital switches
Telephones - main lines in use 79,000 (1996) 1.268 million (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular 43,524 (1996) 7.339 million (2006)
Television broadcast stations 2 (1997) 26 (plus 76 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west mountains in north; hot, dry central plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara
Total fertility rate 2.44 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.73 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 4.9% (1995 est.) 13.9% (2006 est.)
Waterways 209 km; navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m -
Sitemap: Compare countries listing (map site) | Country listing (map site)
Links: Add to favorites | Information about this website | Stats | Polityka prywatnosci
This page was generated in ##czas## s. Size this page: ##rozmiar_strony## kB.