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Compare Australia (2005) - Palau (2001)

Compare Australia (2005) z Palau (2001)

 Australia (2005)Palau (2001)
 AustraliaPalau
Administrative divisions 6 states and 2 territories*; Australian Capital Territory*, New South Wales, Northern Territory*, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia 18 states; Aimeliik, Airai, Angaur, Hatobohei, Kayangel, Koror, Melekeok, Ngaraard, Ngarchelong, Ngardmau, Ngatpang, Ngchesar, Ngeremlengui, Ngiwal, Palau Island, Peleliu, Sonsoral, Tobi
Age structure 0-14 years: 19.8% (male 2,038,809/female 1,943,563)


15-64 years: 67.2% (male 6,815,600/female 6,695,189)


65 years and over: 12.9% (male 1,145,274/female 1,452,002) (2005 est.)
0-14 years:
26.88% (male 2,641; female 2,491)

15-64 years:
68.46% (male 7,128; female 5,943)

65 years and over:
4.66% (male 420; female 469) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products wheat, barley, sugarcane, fruits; cattle, sheep, poultry coconuts, copra, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes
Airports 448 (2004 est.) 3 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 305


over 3,047 m: 10


2,438 to 3,047 m: 12


1,524 to 2,437 m: 131


914 to 1,523 m: 139


under 914 m: 13 (2004 est.)
total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 143


1,524 to 2,437 m: 17


914 to 1,523 m: 112


under 914 m: 14 (2004 est.)
total:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Area total: 7,686,850 sq km


land: 7,617,930 sq km


water: 68,920 sq km


note: includes Lord Howe Island and Macquarie Island
total:
458 sq km

land:
458 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than the US contiguous 48 states slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Aboriginal settlers arrived on the continent from Southeast Asia about 40,000 years before the first Europeans began exploration in the 17th century. No formal territorial claims were made until 1770, when Capt. James COOK took possession in the name of Great Britain. Six colonies were created in the late 18th and 19th centuries; they federated and became the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. The new country took advantage of its natural resources to rapidly develop its agricultural and manufacturing industries and to make a major contribution to the British effort in World Wars I and II. In recent decades, Australia has transformed itself into an internationally competitive, advanced market economy. It boasted one of the OECD's fastest growing economies during the 1990's, a performance due in large part to economic reforms adopted in the 1980's. Long-term concerns include pollution, particularly depletion of the ozone layer, and management and conservation of coastal areas, especially the Great Barrier Reef. After three decades as part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific under US administration, this westernmost cluster of the Caroline Islands opted for independent status in 1978 rather than join the Federated States of Micronesia. A Compact of Free Association with the US was approved in 1986, but not ratified until 1993. It entered into force the following year when the islands gained their independence.
Birth rate 12.26 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 19.64 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $222.7 billion


expenditures: $221.7 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
revenues:
$57.7 million

expenditures:
$80.8 million, including capital expenditures of $17.1 million (FY98/99 est.)
Capital Canberra Koror; note - a new capital is being built about 20 km northeast of Koror
Climate generally arid to semiarid; temperate in south and east; tropical in north wet season May to November; hot and humid
Coastline 25,760 km 1,519 km
Constitution 9 July 1900, effective 1 January 1901 1 January 1981
Country name conventional long form: Commonwealth of Australia


conventional short form: Australia
conventional long form:
Republic of Palau

conventional short form:
Palau

local long form:
Beluu er a Belau

local short form:
Belau

former:
Palau District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
Currency - US dollar (USD)
Death rate 7.44 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 7.23 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $308.7 billion (3rd quarter, 2004 est.) $0 (FY99/00)
Dependent areas Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Norfolk Island, Macquarie Island -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: William A. STANTON, Charge d'Affaires ad interim


embassy: Moonah Place, Yarralumla, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2600


mailing address: APO AP 96549


telephone: [61] (02) 6214-5600


FAX: [61] (02) 6214-5970


consulate(s) general: Melbourne, Perth, Sydney
chief of mission:
the Ambassador to the Philippines is accredited to Palau; Charge d'Affaires Allen E. NUGENT

embassy:
address NA, Koror

mailing address:
P. O. Box 6028, Republic of Palau 96940

telephone:
[680] 488-2920, 2990

FAX:
[680] 488-2911
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Michael J. THAWLEY


chancery: 1601 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 797-3000


FAX: [1] (202) 797-3168


consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Chicago, Honolulu, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco
chief of mission:
Ambassador Hersey KYOTA

chancery:
1150 18th Street NW, Suite 750, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:
[1] (202) 452-6814

FAX:
[1] (202) 452-6281
Disputes - international East Timor and Australia continue to meet but disagree over how to delimit a permanent maritime boundary and share unexploited petroleum resources that fall outside the Joint Petroleum Development Area covered by the 2002 Timor Sea Treaty; East Timor dispute hampers creation of a revised maritime boundary with Indonesia (see also Ashmore and Cartier Islands dispute); regional states express concern over Australia's 2004 declaration of a 1,000-nautical mile-wide maritime indentification zone; Australia asserts land and maritime claims to Antarctica (see Antarctica); in 2004 Australia submitted claims to UNCLOS to extend its continental margin from both its mainland and Antarctic claims none
Economic aid - donor ODA, $894 million (FY99/00) -
Economic aid - recipient - $155.8 million (1995); note - the Compact of Free Association with the US, entered into after the end of the UN trusteeship on 1 October 1994, will provide Palau with up to $700 million in US aid over 15 years in return for furnishing military facilities
Economy - overview Australia has an enviable Western-style capitalist economy, with a per capita GDP on par with the four dominant West European economies. Rising output in the domestic economy, robust business and consumer confidence, and rising exports of raw materials and agricultural products are fueling the economy. Australia's emphasis on reforms, low inflation, and growing ties with China are other key factors behind the economy's strength. The impact of drought, weak foreign demand, and strong import demand pushed the trade deficit up from $8 billion in 2002, to $18 billion in 2003, and to $13 billion in 2004. One other concern is the rapid increase in domestic housing prices, which have raised the prospect that interest rates will need to be raised to prevent a speculative bubble. The economy consists primarily of subsistence agriculture and fishing. The government is the major employer of the work force, relying heavily on financial assistance from the US. The population enjoys a per capita income of twice that of the Philippines and much of Micronesia. Long-run prospects for the tourist sector have been greatly bolstered by the expansion of air travel in the Pacific and the rising prosperity of leading East Asian countries.
Electricity - consumption 195.6 billion kWh (2002) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2002) -
Electricity - production 210.3 billion kWh (2002) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Lake Eyre -15 m


highest point: Mount Kosciuszko 2,229 m
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Ngerchelchauus 242 m
Environment - current issues soil erosion from overgrazing, industrial development, urbanization, and poor farming practices; soil salinity rising due to the use of poor quality water; desertification; clearing for agricultural purposes threatens the natural habitat of many unique animal and plant species; the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast coast, the largest coral reef in the world, is threatened by increased shipping and its popularity as a tourist site; limited natural fresh water resources inadequate facilities for disposal of solid waste; threats to the marine ecosystem from sand and coral dredging, illegal fishing practices, and overfishing
Environment - international agreements party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Caucasian 92%, Asian 7%, aboriginal and other 1% Palauan (Micronesian with Malayan and Melanesian admixtures) 70%, Asian (mainly Filipinos, followed by Chinese, Taiwanese, and Vietnamese) 28%, white 2% (2000 est.)
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) the US dollar is used
Executive branch chief of state: Queen of Australia ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Maj. Gen. (Ret.) Michael JEFFERY (since 11 August 2003)


head of government: Prime Minister John Winston HOWARD (since 11 March 1996); Deputy Prime Minister Mark VAILE (since 6 July 2005)


cabinet: Prime Minister nominates, from among members of Parliament, candidates who are subsequently sworn in by the Governor General to serve as government ministers


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is sworn in as prime minister by the governor general


note: government coalition - Liberal Party and National Party
chief of state:
President Tommy Esang REMENGESAU Jr. (since 19 January 2001) and Vice President Sandra PIERANTOZZI (since 19 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Tommy Esang REMENGESAU Jr. (since 19 January 2001) and Vice President Sandra PIERANTOZZI (since 19 January 2001); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet

elections:
president and vice president elected on separate tickets by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)

election results:
Tommy Esang REMENGESAU Jr. elected president; percent of vote - Tommy Esang REMENGESAU Jr. 53%, Peter SUGIYAMA 46%; Sandra PIERANTOZZI elected vice president; percent of vote - Sandra PIERANTOZZI 52%, Alan SEID 45%
Exports 523,400 bbl/day (2001) $14.3 million (f.o.b., 1996)
Exports - commodities coal, gold, meat, wool, alumina, iron ore, wheat, machinery and transport equipment trochus (type of shellfish), tuna, copra, handicrafts
Exports - partners Japan 18.6%, China 9.2%, US 8.1%, South Korea 7.7%, New Zealand 7.4%, India 4.6%, UK 4.2% (2004) US, Japan
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June 1 October - 30 September
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large seven-pointed star in the lower hoist-side quadrant known as the Commonwealth Star, representing the federation of the colonies of Australia in 1901; the star depicts one point for each of the six original states and one representing all of Australia's internal and external territories; the remaining half is a representation of the Southern Cross constellation in white with one small five-pointed star and four larger, seven-pointed stars light blue with a large yellow disk (representing the moon) shifted slightly to the hoist side
GDP - purchasing power parity - $129 million (1998 est.)

note:
GDP numbers reflect US spending
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 3.4%


industry: 28.2%


services: 68.4% (2004 est.)
agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $30,700 (2004 est.) purchasing power parity - $7,100 (1998 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.5% (2004 est.) -1.4% (1998 est.)
Geographic coordinates 27 00 S, 133 00 E 7 30 N, 134 30 E
Geography - note world's smallest continent but sixth-largest country; population concentrated along the eastern and southeastern coasts; the invigorating tropical sea breeze known as the "Fremantle Doctor" affects the city of Perth on the west coast, and is one of the most consistent winds in the world includes World War II battleground of Beliliou (Peleliu) and world-famous rock islands; archipelago of six island groups totaling over 200 islands in the Caroline chain
Highways total: 811,603 km


paved: 314,090 km (including 18,619 km of expressways)


unpaved: 497,513 km (1999 est.)
total:
61 km

paved:
36 km

unpaved:
25 km
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 2%


highest 10%: 25.4% (1994)
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs Tasmania is one of the world's major suppliers of licit opiate products; government maintains strict controls over areas of opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate -
Imports 530,800 bbl/day (2001) $126 million (f.o.b., FY99/00)
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, computers and office machines, telecommunication equipment and parts; crude oil and petroleum products machinery and equipment, fuels, metals; foodstuffs
Imports - partners US 14.8%, China 12.7%, Japan 11.8%, Germany 5.8%, Singapore 4.4%, UK 4.1% (2004) US
Independence 1 January 1901 (federation of UK colonies) 1 October 1994 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate 1.9% (2004 est.) NA%
Industries mining, industrial and transportation equipment, food processing, chemicals, steel tourism, craft items (from shell, wood, pearls), construction, garment making
Infant mortality rate total: 4.69 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 5.08 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
16.67 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.3% (2004 est.) NA%
International organization participation ANZUS, APEC, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN (dialogue partner), Australia Group, BIS, C, CP, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (guest), NEA, NSG, OECD, OPCW, Paris Club, PCA, PIF, Sparteca, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNMEE, UNMISET, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WToO, ZC ACP, ESCAP, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - NA
Irrigated land 24,000 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch High Court (the chief justice and six other justices are appointed by the governor general) Supreme Court; National Court; Court of Common Pleas
Labor force 10.35 million (2004 est.) 8,300 (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 3.6%, industry 26.4%, services 70% (2004 est.) agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA%
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 6.55% (includes about 27 million hectares of cultivated grassland)


permanent crops: 0.04%


other: 93.41% (2001)
arable land:
NA%

permanent crops:
NA%

permanent pastures:
NA%

forests and woodland:
NA%

other:
NA%
Languages English 79.1%, Chinese 2.1%, Italian 1.9%, other 11.1%, unspecified 5.8% (2001 Census) English and Palauan official in all states except Sonsoral (Sonsorolese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official)
Legal system based on English common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations based on Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch bicameral Federal Parliament consists of the Senate (76 seats - 12 from each of the six states and two from each of the two mainland territories; one-half of state members are elected every three years by popular vote to serve six-year terms while all territory members are elected every three years) and the House of Representatives (150 seats; members elected by popular preferential voting to serve terms of up to three-years; no state can have fewer than five representatives)


elections: Senate - last held 9 October 2004 (next to be held no later than June 2008); House of Representatives - last held 9 October 2004 (next to be called no later than November 2007)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party (for session beginning on 1 July 2005) - Liberal Party-National Party coalition 39, Australian Labor Party 28, Democrats 4, Australian Greens 4, Family First Party 1; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Liberal Party-National Party coalition 87, Australian Labor Party 60, independents 3
bicameral Parliament or Olbiil Era Kelulau (OEK) consists of the Senate (16 seats; members elected by popular vote on a population basis to serve four-year terms) and the House of Delegates (16 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
Senate - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004); House of Delegates - last held 7 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)

election results:
Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; House of Delegates - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA
Life expectancy at birth total population: 80.39 years


male: 77.52 years


female: 83.4 years (2005 est.)
total population:
68.89 years

male:
65.77 years

female:
72.19 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 100%


male: 100%


female: 100% (1980 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
92%

male:
93%

female:
90% (1980 est.)
Location Oceania, continent between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean Oceania, group of islands in the North Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Philippines
Map references Oceania Oceania
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive fishing zone:
12 NM

extended fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
3 NM
Merchant marine total: 55 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 1,531,461 GRT/1,999,409 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 16, cargo 7, chemical tanker 3, container 1, liquefied gas 4, passenger 5, passenger/cargo 6, petroleum tanker 8, roll on/roll off 5


foreign-owned: 16 (France 1, Germany 3, Japan 1, Philippines 1, Saudi Arabia 1, United Kingdom 2, United States 7)


registered in other countries: 35 (2005)
none (2000 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of the US; under a Compact of Free Association between Palau and the US, the US military is granted access to the islands for 50 years
Military branches Australian Defense Force (ADF): Australian Army, Royal Australian Navy, Royal Australian Air Force, Special Operations Command NA
Military expenditures - dollar figure $16.65 billion (2004) $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2.7% (2004) NA%
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) Constitution Day, 9 July (1979)
Nationality noun: Australian(s)


adjective: Australian
noun:
Palauan(s)

adjective:
Palauan
Natural hazards cyclones along the coast; severe droughts; forest fires typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources bauxite, coal, iron ore, copper, tin, gold, silver, uranium, nickel, tungsten, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas, petroleum forests, minerals (especially gold), marine products, deep-seabed minerals
Net migration rate 3.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 4.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines condensate/gas 492 km; gas 28,680 km; liquid petroleum gas 240 km; oil 4,773 km; oil/gas/water 110 km (2004) -
Political parties and leaders Australian Democrats [Lyn ALLISON]; Australian Labor Party [Kim BEAZLEY]; Australian Progressive Alliance [Meg LEES]; Australian Greens [Bob BROWN]; Liberal Party [John Winston HOWARD]; The Nationals [Mark VAILE]; One Nation Party [Len HARRIS]; Family First Party [Steve FIELDING] Palau Nationalist Party [Johnson TORIBIONG]; Ta Belau Party [Kuniwo NAKAMURA]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population 20,090,437 (July 2005 est.) 19,092 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate 0.87% (2005 est.) 1.69% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Brisbane, Dampier, Fremantle, Gladstone, Hay Point, Melbourne, Newcastle, Port Hedland, Port Kembla, Port Walcott, Sydney Koror
Radio broadcast stations AM 262, FM 345, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios - 12,000 (1997)
Railways total: 54,439 km (3859 km electrified)


broad gauge: 5,434 km 1.600-m gauge


standard gauge: 34,110 km 1.435-m gauge (1,397 km electrified)


narrow gauge: 14,895 km 1.067-m gauge (2,462 km electrified)


dual gauge: 213 km dual gauge (2004)
0 km
Religions Catholic 26.4%, Anglican 20.5%, other Christian 20.5%, Buddhist 1.9%, Muslim 1.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 12.7%, none 15.3% (2001 Census) Christian (Catholics, Seventh-Day Adventists, Jehovah's Witnesses, the Assembly of God, the Liebenzell Mission, and Latter-Day Saints), Modekngei religion (one-third of the population observes this religion which is indigenous to Palau)
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female


total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.06 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.2 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.9 male(s)/female

total population:
1.14 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: excellent domestic and international service


domestic: domestic satellite system; much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones


international: country code - 61; submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean regions) (1998)
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 10.815 million (2003) 1,500 (1988)
Telephones - mobile cellular 14.347 million (2003) 0 (1988)
Television broadcast stations 104 (1997) 1 (1997)
Terrain mostly low plateau with deserts; fertile plain in southeast varying geologically from the high, mountainous main island of Babelthuap to low, coral islands usually fringed by large barrier reefs
Total fertility rate 1.76 children born/woman (2005 est.) 2.47 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 5.1% (December 2004 est.) 2.3% (2000 est.)
Waterways 2,000 km (mainly used for recreation on Murray and Murray-Darling river systems) (2004) none
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