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Compare Armenia (2001) - Dominica (2006)

Compare Armenia (2001) z Dominica (2006)

 Armenia (2001)Dominica (2006)
 ArmeniaDominica
Administrative divisions 10 provinces (marzer, singular - marz) and 1 city* (k'aghak'ner, singular - k'aghak'); Aragatsotn, Ararat, Armavir, Geghark'unik', Kotayk', Lorri, Shirak, Syunik', Tavush, Vayots' Dzor, Yerevan* 10 parishes; Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Joseph, Saint Luke, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick, Saint Paul, Saint Peter
Age structure 0-14 years:
23.23% (male 394,194; female 380,911)

15-64 years:
67.04% (male 1,094,646; female 1,141,760)

65 years and over:
9.73% (male 135,477; female 189,112) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 26.1% (male 9,084/female 8,885)


15-64 years: 66% (male 23,419/female 22,079)


65 years and over: 7.9% (male 2,186/female 3,257) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products fruit (especially grapes), vegetables; livestock bananas, citrus, mangoes, root crops, coconuts, cocoa; forest and fishery potential not exploited
Airports 7 (2000 est.) 2 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
7

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
-
Area total:
29,800 sq km

land:
28,400 sq km

water:
1,400 sq km
total: 754 sq km


land: 754 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maryland slightly more than four times the size of Washington, DC
Background An Orthodox Christian country, Armenia was incorporated into Russia in 1828 and the USSR in 1920. Armenian leaders remain preoccupied by the long conflict with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh, a primarily Armenian-populated exclave, assigned to Soviet Azerbaijan in the 1920s by Moscow. Armenia and Azerbaijan began fighting over the exclave in 1988; the struggle escalated after both countries attained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. By May 1994, when a cease-fire took hold, Armenian forces held not only Nagorno-Karabakh but also a significant portion of Azerbaijan proper. The economies of both sides have been hurt by their inability to make substantial progress toward a peaceful resolution. Dominica was the last of the Caribbean islands to be colonized by Europeans due chiefly to the fierce resistance of the native Caribs. France ceded possession to Great Britain in 1763, which made the island a colony in 1805. In 1980, two years after independence, Dominica's fortunes improved when a corrupt and tyrannical administration was replaced by that of Mary Eugenia CHARLES, the first female prime minister in the Caribbean, who remained in office for 15 years. Some 3,000 Carib Indians still living on Dominica are the only pre-Columbian population remaining in the eastern Caribbean.
Birth rate 11.47 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 15.27 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget revenues:
$360 million

expenditures:
$566 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
revenues: $73.9 million


expenditures: $84.4 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (2001)
Capital Yerevan name: Roseau


geographic coordinates: 15 18 N, 61 24 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate highland continental, hot summers, cold winters tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds; heavy rainfall
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 148 km
Constitution adopted by nationwide referendum 5 July 1995 3 November 1978
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Armenia

conventional short form:
Armenia

local long form:
Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun

local short form:
Hayastan

former:
Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic; Armenian Republic
conventional long form: Commonwealth of Dominica


conventional short form: Dominica
Currency dram (AMD) -
Death rate 9.74 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.73 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external $836 million (January 2001) $213 million (2004)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Michael C. LEMMON

embassy:
18 Marshal Bagramian Avenue, Yerevan

mailing address:
American Embassy Yerevan, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7020

telephone:
[374] (2) 52-16-11

FAX:
[374] (2) 151-550
the US does not have an embassy in Dominica; the US Ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Dominica
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Arman KIRAKOSIAN

chancery:
2225 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 319-1976

FAX:
[1] (202) 319-2982

consulate(s) general:
Los Angeles
chief of mission: Ambassador Judith Anne ROLLE, Third Secretary


chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 364-6781


FAX: [1] (202) 364-6791


consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international Armenia supports ethnic Armenians in the Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan in the longstanding, separatist conflict against the Azerbaijani Government; traditional demands regarding former Armenian lands in Turkey have subsided Dominica is the only Caribbean state to challenge Venezuela's sovereignty claim over Aves Island and joins the other island nations in challenging whether the feature sustains human habitation, a criterion under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which permits Venezuela to extend its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and continental shelf claims over a large portion of the Caribbean Sea
Economic aid - recipient $245.5 million (1995) $29.2 million (2004 est.)
Economy - overview Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy. Since the implosion of the USSR in December 1991, Armenia has switched to small-scale agriculture away from the large agroindustrial complexes of the Soviet era. The agricultural sector has long-term needs for more investment and updated technology. The privatization of industry has been at a slower pace, but has been given renewed emphasis by the current administration. Armenia is a food importer, and its mineral deposits (gold, bauxite) are small. The ongoing conflict with Azerbaijan over the ethnic Armenian-dominated region of Nagorno-Karabakh and the breakup of the centrally directed economic system of the former Soviet Union contributed to a severe economic decline in the early 1990s. By 1994, however, the Armenian Government had launched an ambitious IMF-sponsored economic program that has resulted in positive growth rates in 1995-2000. Armenia also managed to slash inflation and to privatize most small- and medium-sized enterprises. The chronic energy shortages Armenia suffered in recent years have been largely offset by the energy supplied by one of its nuclear power plants at Metsamor. Armenia's severe trade imbalance, importing three times its exports, has been offset somewhat by international aid, domestic restructuring of the economy, and foreign direct investment. The Dominican economy depends on agriculture, primarily bananas, and remains highly vulnerable to climatic conditions and international economic developments. Production of bananas dropped precipitously in 2003, a major reason for the 1% decline in GDP. Tourism increased in 2003 as the government sought to promote Dominica as an "ecotourism" destination. Development of the tourism industry remains difficult, however, because of the rugged coastline, lack of beaches, and the absence of an international airport. The government began a comprehensive restructuring of the economy in 2003 - including elimination of price controls, privatization of the state banana company, and tax increases - to address Dominica's economic crisis and to meet IMF targets. In order to diversify the island's production base, the government is attempting to develop an offshore financial sector and is planning to construct an oil refinery on the eastern part of the island.
Electricity - consumption 6.201 billion kWh (1999) 65.09 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production 6.668 billion kWh (1999) 69.98 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
45.56%

hydro:
23.25%

nuclear:
31.19%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Debed River 400 m

highest point:
Aragats Lerr 4,095 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Morne Diablatins 1,447 m
Environment - current issues soil pollution from toxic chemicals such as DDT; energy blockade, the result of conflict with Azerbaijan, has led to deforestation when citizens scavenged for firewood; pollution of Hrazdan (Razdan) and Aras Rivers; the draining of Sevana Lich (Lake Sevan), a result of its use as a source for hydropower, threatens drinking water supplies; restart of Metsamor nuclear power plant without adequate (IAEA-recommended) safety and backup systems NA
Environment - international agreements party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Armenian 93%, Azeri 3%, Russian 2%, other (mostly Yezidi Kurds) 2% (1989)

note:
as of the end of 1993, virtually all Azeris had emigrated from Armenia
black, mixed black and European, European, Syrian, Carib Amerindian
Exchange rates drams per US dollar - 554.29 (1 February 2001), 539.53 (2000), 535.06 (1999), 504.92 (1998), 490.85 (1997), 414.04 (1996) East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2005), 2.7 (2004), 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Robert KOCHARIAN (since 30 March 1998)

head of government:
Prime Minister Andranik MARKARYAN (since 12 May 2000)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; special election last held 30 March 1998 (next to be held NA March 2003); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Robert KOCHARIAN elected president; percent of vote - Robert KOCHARIAN 59.5%, Karen DEMIRCHYAN 40.5%
chief of state: President Nicholas J. O. LIVERPOOL (since October 2003)


head of government: Prime Minister Roosevelt SKERRIT (since 8 January 2004); note - assumed post after death of Prime Minister Pierre CHARLES


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister


elections: president elected by the House of Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 1 October 2003 (next to be held October 2008); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Nicholas LIVERPOOL elected president; percent of legislative vote - NA%
Exports $284 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities diamonds, scrap metal, machinery and equipment, brandy, copper ore bananas, soap, bay oil, vegetables, grapefruit, oranges
Exports - partners Belgium 36%, Iran 15%, Russia 14%, US 7%, Turkmenistan, Georgia (1999) UK 26.2%, Jamaica 9.8%, South Korea 8.7%, Antigua and Barbuda 8.6%, Guyana 7.2%, Trinidad and Tobago 4.7% (2005)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 July - 30 June
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, and orange green, with a centered cross of three equal bands - the vertical part is yellow (hoist side), black, and white and the horizontal part is yellow (top), black, and white; superimposed in the center of the cross is a red disk bearing a sisserou parrot encircled by 10 green, five-pointed stars edged in yellow; the 10 stars represent the 10 administrative divisions (parishes)
GDP purchasing power parity - $10 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
40%

industry:
25%

services:
35% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 17.7%


industry: 32.8%


services: 49.5% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $3,000 (2000 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 5% (2000 est.) 3.1% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates 40 00 N, 45 00 E 15 25 N, 61 20 W
Geography - note landlocked known as "The Nature Island of the Caribbean" due to its spectacular, lush, and varied flora and fauna, which are protected by an extensive natural park system; the most mountainous of the Lesser Antilles, its volcanic peaks are cones of lava craters and include Boiling Lake, the second-largest, thermally active lake in the world
Highways total:
8,431 km ()

paved:
NA

unpaved:
NA (1997)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs illicit cultivator of cannabis mostly for domestic consumption; increasingly used as a transshipment point for illicit drugs - mostly opium and hashish - to Western Europe and the US via Iran, Central Asia, and Russia transshipment point for narcotics bound for the US and Europe; minor cannabis producer; anti-money-laundering enforcement is weak, making the country particularly vulnerable to money laundering
Imports $913 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities natural gas, petroleum, tobacco products, foodstuffs, diamonds manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, food, chemicals
Imports - partners Russia 17%, US 11%, Belgium 11%, Iran 10%, UK, Turkey (1999) US 25.3%, China 20.3%, Trinidad and Tobago 12.3%, South Korea 7.1%, Japan 4.6%, UK 4.4% (2005)
Independence 21 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) 3 November 1978 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 5% (2000 est.) -10% (1997 est.)
Industries metal-cutting machine tools, forging-pressing machines, electric motors, tires, knitted wear, hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks, instruments, microelectronics, gem cutting, jewelry manufacturing, software development, brandy soap, coconut oil, tourism, copra, furniture, cement blocks, shoes
Infant mortality rate 41.27 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 13.71 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 18.09 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 9.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1% (1999 est.) -0.1% (2005 est.)
International organization participation BSEC, CCC, CE, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ESCAP, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, NAM (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) ACCT, ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS, OECS, OIF, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (1999) -
Irrigated land 2,870 sq km (1993 est.) NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Constitutional Court Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court, consisting of the Court of Appeal and the High Court (located in Saint Lucia; one of the six judges must reside in Dominica and preside over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction)
Labor force 1.5 million (1999) 25,000 (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 55%, services 25%, industry 20% (1999 est.) agriculture: 40%


industry: 32%


services: 28%
Land boundaries total:
1,254 km

border countries:
Azerbaijan-proper 566 km, Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave 221 km, Georgia 164 km, Iran 35 km, Turkey 268 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
17%

permanent crops:
3%

permanent pastures:
24%

forests and woodland:
15%

other:
41% (1993 est.)
arable land: 6.67%


permanent crops: 21.33%


other: 72% (2005)
Languages Armenian 96%, Russian 2%, other 2% English (official), French patois
Legal system based on civil law system based on English common law
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (Parliament) or Azgayin Zhoghov (131 seats; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 30 May 1999 (next to be held in the spring of 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - unity bloc 61 (Republican Party 41, People's Party of Armenia 20), Stability Group (independent Armenian deputies who have formed a bloc) 21, ACP 10, ARF (Dashnak) 8, Law and Unity Party 7, NDU 6, Law-Governed Party 6, independents 10, unfilled 2; note - seats by party change frequently
unicameral House of Assembly (30 seats, 9 appointed senators, 21 elected by popular vote; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 5 May 2005 (next to be held by 5 August 2010); note - tradition dictates that the election will be held within five years of the last election, but technically it is five years from the first seating of parliament (12 May 2005) plus a 90-day grace period


election results: percent of vote by party - DLP 52.07%, UWP 43.6%, DFP 3.15%; seats by party - DLP 12, UWP 8, independent 1
Life expectancy at birth total population:
66.49 years

male:
62.12 years

female:
71.08 years (2001 est.)
total population: 74.87 years


male: 71.95 years


female: 77.93 years (2006 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
99%

male:
99%

female:
98% (1989 est.)
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 94%


male: 94%


female: 94% (2003 est.)
Location Southwestern Asia, east of Turkey Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about one-half of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago
Map references Commonwealth of Independent States Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine - total: 48 ships (1000 GRT or over) 634,668 GRT/1,100,558 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 6, cargo 24, chemical tanker 4, container 2, petroleum tanker 6, refrigerated cargo 4, roll on/roll off 1, vehicle carrier 1


foreign-owned: 45 (Estonia 11, Germany 1, Greece 5, Latvia 1, Norway 1, NZ 4, Russia 2, Saudi Arabia 3, Singapore 9, Syria 1, Turkey 3, UAE 2, Ukraine 2) (2006)
Military branches Army, Air Force and Air Defense Aviation, Air Defense Force, Security Forces (internal and border troops) no regular military forces; Commonwealth of Dominica Police Force (includes coast guard)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $75 million (FY99) NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 4% (FY99) NA
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
905,154 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
715,734 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
34,998 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 21 September (1991) Independence Day, 3 November (1978)
Nationality noun:
Armenian(s)

adjective:
Armenian
noun: Dominican(s)


adjective: Dominican
Natural hazards occasionally severe earthquakes; droughts flash floods are a constant threat; destructive hurricanes can be expected during the late summer months
Natural resources small deposits of gold, copper, molybdenum, zinc, alumina timber, hydropower, arable land
Net migration rate -3.87 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -9.3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Pipelines natural gas 900 km (1991) -
Political parties and leaders Armenia Party [Myasnik ALKHASYAN]; Armenian Communist Party or ACP [Vladimir DARBINYAN]; Armenian Revolutionary Federation ("Dashnak" Party) or ARF [Hrant MARKARYAN]; Christian Democratic Union or CDU [Azat ARSHAKYN, chairman]; Democratic Liberal Party [Ramkavar AZATAKAN, chairman]; Free Armenian's Mission [Ruben MNATSANIAN, chairman]; Law and Unity Party [Artashes GEGAMIAN, chairman]; Law-Governed Party [Artur BAGDASARIAN, chairman]; Mission Party [Artush PAPOIAN, chairman]; National Democratic Union or NDU [Vazgen MANUKIAN]; National State Party [Samvel SHAGINIAN]; Pan-Armenian National Movement or PANM [Vano SIRADEGHYAN]; People's Party of Armenia [Stepan DEMIRCHYAN]; Republican Party or RPA [Andranik MARKARYAN]; Shamiram Women's Movement or SWM [Gayane SARUKHYAN]; Social Democratic (Hnchakian) Party [Ernst SOGOMONYAN]; Stability Group [Vartan AYVAZIAN, chairman]; Union of National Self-Determination or NSDU [Paruir HAIRIKIAN, chairman]; Unity Bloc [Stepan DEMIRCHIAN and Andranik MARKARYAN] (a coalition of the Republican Party and People's Party of Armenia) Dominica Freedom Party or DFP [Charles SAVARIN]; Dominica Labor Party or DLP [Roosevelt SKERRIT]; Dominica United Workers Party or UWP [Earl WILLIAMS]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Dominica Liberation Movement or DLM (a small leftist party)
Population 3,336,100 (July 2001 est.) 68,910 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line 45% (1999 est.) 30% (2002 est.)
Population growth rate -0.21% (2001 est.) -0.08% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors none -
Radio broadcast stations AM 9, FM 6, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 2, FM 4, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios 850,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
852 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines

broad gauge:
852 km 1.520-m gauge (779 km electrified) (2001)
-
Religions Armenian Orthodox 94% Roman Catholic 77%, Protestant 15% (Methodist 5%, Pentecostal 3%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3%, Baptist 2%, other 2%), other 6%, none 2%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.96 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.72 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
system inadequate; now 90% privately owned and undergoing modernization and expansion

domestic:
the majority of subscribers and the most modern equipment are in Yerevan (this includes paging and mobile cellular service)

international:
Yerevan is connected to the Trans-Asia-Europe fiber-optic cable through Iran; additional international service is available by microwave radio relay and landline connections to the other countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States and through the Moscow international switch and by satellite to the rest of the world; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat
general assessment: NA


domestic: fully automatic network


international: country code - 1-767; microwave radio relay and SHF radiotelephone links to Martinique and Guadeloupe; VHF and UHF radiotelephone links to Saint Lucia
Telephones - main lines in use 568,000 (1997) 21,000 (2004)
Telephones - mobile cellular 6,220 (1997) 41,800 (2004)
Television broadcast stations 4 (1998) 1 (2004)
Terrain Armenian Highland with mountains; little forest land; fast flowing rivers; good soil in Aras River valley rugged mountains of volcanic origin
Total fertility rate 1.5 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.94 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate 20% (1998 est.)

note:
official rate is 9.3% for 1998
23% (2000 est.)
Waterways NA km -
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