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Compare Anguilla (2001) - Reunion (2002)
Compare Anguilla (2001) z Reunion (2002)
| Anguilla (2001) | Reunion (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
25.55% (male 1,574; female 1,526) 15-64 years: 67.47% (male 4,200; female 3,985) 65 years and over: 6.98% (male 376; female 471) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: 31.7% (male 120,864; female 115,251)
15-64 years: 62.5% (male 228,864; female 235,991) 65 years and over: 5.8% (male 17,459; female 25,552) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | small quantities of tobacco, vegetables; cattle raising | sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn |
| Airports | 3 (2000 est.) | 2 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
2 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
91 sq km land: 91 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 2,517 sq km
land: 2,507 sq km water: 10 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about half the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than Rhode Island |
| Background | Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980 with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency. | The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route. |
| Birth rate | 15.17 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 20.7 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues:
$20.4 million expenditures: $23.3 million, including capital expenditures of $3.8 million (1997 est.) |
revenues: NA
expenditures: NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
| Capital | The Valley | Saint-Denis |
| Climate | tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds | tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April |
| Coastline | 61 km | 207 km |
| Constitution | Anguilla Constitutional Order 1 April 1982; amended 1990 | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form:
none conventional short form: Anguilla |
conventional long form: Department of Reunion
conventional short form: Reunion local long form: none local short form: Ile de la Reunion former: Bourbon Island |
| Currency | East Caribbean dollar (XCD) | euro (EUR); French franc (FRF) |
| Death rate | 5.61 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 5.51 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $8.8 million (1998) | $NA |
| Dependency status | overseas territory of the UK | overseas department of France |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (overseas department of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (overseas department of France) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $3.5 million (1995) | $NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France |
| Economy - overview | Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. The economy, and especially the tourism sector, suffered a setback in late 1995 due to the effects of Hurricane Luis in September but recovered in 1996. Increased activity in the tourism industry, which has spurred the growth of the construction sector, has contributed to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector. A comprehensive package of financial services legislation was enacted in late 1994. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend on the tourism sector and, therefore, on continuing income growth in the industrialized nations as well as favorable weather conditions. | The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to more than 40% of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 1.014 billion kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 1.09 billion kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
fossil fuel: 55%
hydro: 45% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Crocus Hill 65 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m |
| Environment - current issues | supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system | NA |
| Ethnic groups | black | French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian |
| Exchange rates | East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) | euros per US dollar - 1.1324 (January 2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Peter JOHNSTON (since NA February 2000) head of government: Chief Minister Osbourne FLEMING (since 3 March 2000) cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from among the elected members of the House of Assembly elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister appointed by the governor from among the members of the House of Assembly |
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Gonthier FRIEDERICI (since NA)
head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils |
| Exports | $4.5 million (1998) | $214 million f.o.b. (1997) |
| Exports - commodities | lobster, fish, livestock, salt | sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993) |
| Exports - partners | NA | France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (1994) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | calendar year |
| Flag description | blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with blue wavy water below | the flag of France is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $96 million (1999 est.) | purchasing power parity - $3.4 billion (1998 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
4% industry: 18% services: 78% (1997 est.) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $8,200 (1999 est.) | purchasing power parity - $4,800 (1998 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 7% (1999 est.) | 3.8% (1998 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 18 15 N, 63 10 W | 21 06 S, 55 36 E |
| Geography - note | - | this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean |
| Highways | total:
279 km paved: 253 km unpaved: 26 km (1998 est.) |
total: 2,724 km
paved: 1,300 km (including 73 km of four-lane road) unpaved: 1,424 km note: 370 km of road are maintained by national authorities, 754 km by departmental authorities and 1,600 km by local authorities (1994) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe | - |
| Imports | $57.6 million (1998) | $2.5 billion c.i.f. (1997) |
| Imports - commodities | NA | manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products |
| Imports - partners | NA | France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (1994) |
| Independence | none (overseas territory of the UK) | none (overseas department of France) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 3.1% (1997 est.) | NA% |
| Industries | tourism, boat building, offshore financial services | sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction |
| Infant mortality rate | 24.56 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | 8.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.5% (1998 est.) | NA% |
| International organization participation | Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), OECS (associate), ECLAC (associate) | FZ, InOC, WFTU |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 16 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | 120 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court) | Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel |
| Labor force | 4,400 (1992) | 261,000 (1995) (1995) |
| Labor force - by occupation | commerce 36%, services 29%, construction 18%, transportation and utilities 10%, manufacturing 3%, agriculture/fishing/forestry/mining 4% | agriculture 8%, industry 19%, services 73% (1990) (1990) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial salt ponds) |
arable land: 13.2%
permanent crops: 2% other: 84.8% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | English (official) | French (official), Creole widely used |
| Legal system | based on English common law | French law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats total, 7 elected by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members and 2 appointed; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 3 March 2000 (next to be held NA March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UF 4, AUM 2, independent 1 |
unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 19, UDF 9, RPR 8, various right-wing candidates 4, various left-wing candidates 5 note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
76.31 years male: 73.41 years female: 79.29 years (2001 est.) |
total population: 73.18 years
male: 69.78 years female: 76.74 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | definition:
age 12 and over can read and write total population: 95% male: 95% female: 95% (1984 est.) |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 79% male: 76% female: 80% (1982 est.) |
| Location | Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, east of Puerto Rico | Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar |
| Map references | Central America and the Caribbean | World |
| Maritime claims | exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM |
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | none (2000 est.) | total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 28,264 GRT/44,885 DWT
ships by type: chemical tanker 1 note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: France 1 (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | - | no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49: 194,485 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49: 99,251 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - military age | - | 18 years of age (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | - | males: 6,243 (2002 est.) |
| National holiday | Anguilla Day, 30 May | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun:
Anguillan(s) adjective: Anguillan |
noun: Reunionese (singular and plural)
adjective: Reunionese |
| Natural hazards | frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October) | periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano |
| Natural resources | salt, fish, lobster | fish, arable land, hydropower |
| Net migration rate | 17.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Hubert HUGHES]; The United Front or UF [Osbourne FLEMMING, Victor BANKS], a coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla National Alliance or ANA | Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 12,132 (July 2001 est.) | 743,981 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 2.68% (2001 est.) | 1.52% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Blowing Point, Road Bay | Le Port, Pointe des Galets |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 5, FM 6, shortwave 1 (1998) | AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001) |
| Radios | 3,000 (1997) | 173,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Anglican 40%, Methodist 33%, Seventh-Day Adventist 7%, Baptist 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, other 12% | Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995) |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: modern internal telephone system international: microwave radio relay to island of Saint Martin (Guadeloupe and Netherlands Antilles) |
general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis
domestic: modern open wire and microwave radio relay network international: radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 5,000 (1997) | 268,500 (1999) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | NA | 197,000 (September 2000) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1997) | 35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001) |
| Terrain | flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone | mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast |
| Total fertility rate | 1.79 children born/woman (2001 est.) | 2.55 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 7% (1992 est.) | 42.8% (1998) (1998) |
| Waterways | none | none |
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