Compare Andorra (2008) - Gibraltar (2005)

Compare Andorra (2008) z Gibraltar (2005)

	Andorra (2008)	Gibraltar (2005)

Administrative divisions	7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, Escaldes-Engordany, La Massana, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: 14.5% (male 5,433/female 4,984) 15-64 years: 71.2% (male 26,775/female 24,354) 65 years and over: 14.3% (male 5,074/female 5,202) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 17.8% (male 2,529/female 2,426) 15-64 years: 66% (male 9,442/female 8,970) 65 years and over: 16.2% (male 2,008/female 2,509) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep	none
Airports	-	1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 468 sq km land: 468 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 6.5 sq km land: 6.5 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC	about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.	Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In referendums held in 1967 and 2002, Gibraltarians ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency.
Birth rate	8.45 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	10.87 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $333.5 million expenditures: $386.6 million (2005)	revenues: $307 million expenditures: $284 million, including capital expenditures of NA (FY00/01 est.)
Capital	name: Andorra la Vella geographic coordinates: 42 30 N, 1 31 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October	Gibraltar
Climate	temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers	Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	12 km
Constitution	Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991, approved by referendum 14 March 1993, effective 28 April 1993	30 May 1969
Country name	conventional long form: Principality of Andorra conventional short form: Andorra local long form: Principat d'Andorra local short form: Andorra	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Gibraltar
Death rate	6.45 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	9.18 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$NA (2000 est.)
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (3) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (3) 205-5206	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant) chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064 FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	in 2003, Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by referendum to remain a British colony and against a "total shared sovereignty" arrangement while demanding participation in talks between the UK and Spain; Spain disapproves of UK plans to grant Gibraltar even greater autonomy
Economic aid - recipient	$0	$NA
Economy - overview	Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for more than 80% of GDP. An estimated 11.6 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its partial "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.	Self-sufficient Gibraltar benefits from an extensive shipping trade, offshore banking, and its position as an international conference center. The British military presence has been sharply reduced and now contributes about 7% to the local economy, compared with 60% in 1984. The financial sector, tourism (almost 5 million visitors in 1998), shipping services fees, and duties on consumer goods also generate revenue. The financial sector, the shipping sector, and tourism each contribute 25%-30% of GDP. Telecommunications accounts for another 10%. In recent years, Gibraltar has seen major structural change from a public to a private sector economy, but changes in government spending still have a major impact on the level of employment.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	96.76 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	NA kWh	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	NA kWh	104 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m	lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m
Environment - current issues	deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal	limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)	Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese, German, North Africans
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)	Gibraltar pounds per US dollar - 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003), 0.6672 (2002), 0.6947 (2001), 0.6609 (2000) note: the Gibraltar pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: French Coprince Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26 July 2002) and Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan Enric VIVES i SICILIA (since 12 May 2003); represented by Nemesi MARQUES i OSTE (since 30 July 2003) head of government: Executive Council President Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA (since 27 May 2005) cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 24 April 2005 (next to be held in April-May 2009) election results: Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander-in-Chief Sir Francis RICHARDS (since 27 May 2003) head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the governor in consultation with the chief minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports	$148.7 million f.o.b. (2005)	NA
Exports - commodities	tobacco products, furniture	(principally reexports) petroleum 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8%
Exports - partners	Spain 59.5%, France 17.0% (2006)	France 19.4%, Spain 14.1%, Turkmenistan 12.1%, Switzerland 11.7%, Germany 10.1%, UK 9.1%, Greece 6.8% (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield note: similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem	two horizontal bands of white (top, double width) and red with a three-towered red castle in the center of the white band; hanging from the castle gate is a gold key centered in the red band
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $27,900 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	3.5% (2005 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	42 30 N, 1 30 E	36 8 N, 5 21 W
Geography - note	landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees	strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
Highways	-	total: 29 km paved: 29 km unpaved: 0 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$1.879 billion (2005)	NA
Imports - commodities	consumer goods, food, electricity	fuels, manufactured goods, and foodstuffs
Imports - partners	Spain 53.2%, France 21.1% (2006)	Spain 19.9%, Russia 18.4%, UK 10.8%, Italy 8.8%, Germany 7.5%, US 5.1%, Sweden 4.7%, France 4.2% (2004)
Independence	1278 (formed under the joint suzerainty of the French Count of Foix and the Spanish Bishop of Urgel)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking, tobacco, furniture	tourism, banking and finance, ship repairing, tobacco
Infant mortality rate	total: 4.03 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.37 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: 5.13 deaths/1,000 live births male: 5.71 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.2% (2005)	1.5% (1998)
International organization participation	CE, FAO, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)	Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional	Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force	42,420 (2005)	14,800 (including non-Gibraltar laborers) (1999)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 0.3% industry: 20.3% services: 79.4% (2005)	agriculture negligible, industry 40%, services 60%
Land boundaries	total: 120.3 km border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km	total: 1.2 km border countries: Spain 1.2 km
Land use	arable land: 2.13% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.87% (2005)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)
Languages	Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese	English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese
Legal system	based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	English law
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the seven parishes; to serve four-year terms) elections: last held on 24 April 2005 (next to be held in March-April 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 41.2%, PS 38.1%, CDA-S21 11%, other 9.7%; seats by party - PLA 14, PS 12, CDA-S21 2	unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats - 15 elected by popular vote, one appointed for the Speaker, and two ex officio members; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 27 November 2003 (next to be held not later than February 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; seats by party - GSD 8, GSLP 7
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 83.52 years male: 80.62 years female: 86.62 years (2007 est.)	total population: 79.67 years male: 76.8 years female: 82.7 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100%	definition: NA total population: above 80% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain	Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain
Map references	Europe	Europe
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	territorial sea: 3 nm
Merchant marine	-	total: 161 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 980,636 GRT/1,254,661 DWT by type: barge carrier 3, bulk carrier 2, cargo 96, chemical tanker 21, container 22, passenger 3, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 11, roll on/roll off 2 foreign-owned: 142 (Belgium 1, Cyprus 1, Finland 1, France 1, Germany 105, Greece 12, Iceland 1, Ireland 1, Italy 1, Latvia 1, Norway 8, Sweden 2, Switzerland 1, Taiwan 1, United Kingdom 3, United States 2) (2005)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France and Spain	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the last British regular infantry forces left Gibraltar in 1992, replaced by the Royal Gibraltar Regiment
Military branches	no regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra	Royal Gibraltar Regiment
National holiday	Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)	National Day, 10 September (1967); note - day of the national referendum to decide whether to remain with the UK or go with Spain
Nationality	noun: Andorran(s) adjective: Andorran	noun: Gibraltarian(s) adjective: Gibraltar
Natural hazards	avalanches	NA
Natural resources	hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead	none
Net migration rate	6.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Andorran Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic Party or PD); Century 21 or S21 [Enric TARRADO]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA [Albert PINTAT SANTOLARIA] (formerly Liberal Union or UL); Social Democratic Party or PS [Jaume BARTUMEU CASSANY] (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND)	Gibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA]; Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	Chamber of Commerce; Gibraltar Representatives Organization; Women's Association
Population	71,822 (July 2007 est.)	27,884 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0.842% (2007 est.)	0.17% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Gibraltar
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic (predominant)	Roman Catholic 78.1%, Church of England 7%, other Christian 3.2%, Muslim 4%, Jewish 2.1%, Hindu 1.8%, other or unspecified 0.9%, none 2.9% (2001 census)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.099 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.975 male(s)/female total population: 1.079 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal, plus other UK subjects who have been residents six months or more
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges international: country code - 376; landline circuits to France and Spain	general assessment: adequate, automatic domestic system and adequate international facilities domestic: automatic exchange facilities international: country code - 350; radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	35,400 (2005)	24,512 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	64,600 (2005)	9,797 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	0 (1997)	1 (plus three low-power repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys	a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar
Total fertility rate	1.31 children born/woman (2007 est.)	1.65 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	0% (1996 est.)	2% (2001 est.)

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