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Compare Andorra (2003) - Haiti (2005)

Compare Andorra (2003) z Haiti (2005)

 Andorra (2003)Haiti (2005)
 AndorraHaiti
Administrative divisions 7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Escaldes-Engordany, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria 9 departments (departements, singular - departement); Artibonite, Centre, Grand 'Anse, Nord, Nord-Est, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud, Sud-Est
Age structure 0-14 years: 15.1% (male 5,473; female 4,974)


15-64 years: 71.7% (male 26,063; female 23,542)


65 years and over: 13.2% (male 4,543; female 4,555) (2003 est.)
0-14 years: 42.6% (male 1,741,622/female 1,721,436)


15-64 years: 53.9% (male 2,137,225/female 2,242,639)


65 years and over: 3.4% (male 124,383/female 154,317) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep coffee, mangoes, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum, wood
Airports none (2002) 13 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 4


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 9


914 to 1,523 m: 4


under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)
Area total: 468 sq km


land: 468 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 27,750 sq km


land: 27,560 sq km


water: 190 sq km
Area - comparative 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC slightly smaller than Maryland
Background For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel. In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes. The native Arawak Amerindians - who inhabited the island of Hispaniola when it was discovered by Columbus in 1492 - were virtually annihilated by Spanish settlers within 25 years. In the early 17th century, the French established a presence on Hispaniola, and in 1697, Spain ceded to the French the western third of the island - Haiti. The French colony, based on forestry and sugar-related industries, became one of the wealthiest in the Caribbean, but only through the heavy importation of African slaves and considerable environmental degradation. In the late 18th century, Haiti's nearly half million slaves revolted under Toussaint L'OUVERTURE and after a prolonged struggle, became the first black republic to declare its independence in 1804. Haiti has been plagued by political violence for most of its history. It is the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere.
Birth rate 9.65 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) 36.59 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues: $385 million


expenditures: $342 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997)
revenues: $330.2 million


expenditures: $529.6 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
Capital Andorra la Vella Port-au-Prince
Climate temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 1,771 km
Constitution Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; came into force 4 May 1993 approved March 1987; suspended June 1988 with most articles reinstated March 1989; in October 1991 government claimed to be observing the constitution; returned to constitutional rule in October 1994
Country name conventional long form: Principality of Andorra


conventional short form: Andorra


local long form: Principat d'Andorra


local short form: Andorra
conventional long form: Republic of Haiti


conventional short form: Haiti


local long form: Republique d'Haiti


local short form: Haiti
Currency euro (EUR) -
Death rate 5.74 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) 12.34 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $NA $1.2 billion (2004 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: (3493) 280-2227; FAX: (3493) 205-7705 chief of mission: Ambassador James B. FOLEY


embassy: 5 Harry S Truman Boulevard, Port-au-Prince


mailing address: P. O. Box 1761, Port-au-Prince


telephone: [509] 222-0354, 222-0269, 222-0200, 222-0327


FAX: [509] 223-1641 or 222-0200 ext 460
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jelena V. PIA-COMELLA


chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064


FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
chief of mission: Charge d'Affaires Raymond JOSEPH (as of November 2004)


chancery: 2311 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 332-4090


FAX: [1] (202) 745-7215


consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Miami, New York, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)
Disputes - international none; border is undemarcated in sections but is not in dispute (a few French farmers still remain upset about the transfer of 35 hectares of land to Andorra) since 2004, about 8,000 peacekeepers from the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH) maintain civil order in Haiti; despite efforts to control illegal migration, Haitians fleeing economic privation and civil unrest continue to cross into Dominican Republic and to sail to neighboring countries; Haiti claims US-administered Navassa Island
Economic aid - recipient none $150 million (FY04 est.)
Economy - overview Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products. In this poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, 80% of the population lives in abject poverty, and natural disasters frequently sweep the nation. Two-thirds of all Haitians depend on the agriculture sector, which consists mainly of small-scale subsistence farming. Following legislative elections in May 2000, fraught with irregularities, international donors - including the US and EU - suspended almost all aid to Haiti. The economy shrank an estimated 1.2% in 2001, 0.9% in 2002, grew 0.4% in 2003, and shrank by 3.5% in 2004. Suspended aid and loan disbursements totaled more than $500 million at the start of 2003. Haiti also suffers from rampant inflation, a lack of investment, and a severe trade deficit. In early 2005 Haiti paid its arrears to the World Bank, paving the way to reengagement with the Bank. The resumption of aid flows from all donors is alleviating but not ending the nation's bitter economic problems. Civil strife in 2004 combined with extensive damage from flooding in southern Haiti in May 2004 and Tropical Storm Jeanne in northwestern Haiti in September 2004 further impoverished Haiti.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh 574.7 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production NA kWh 618 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 0%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0%
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m


highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Chaine de la Selle 2,680 m
Environment - current issues deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal extensive deforestation (much of the remaining forested land is being cleared for agriculture and used as fuel); soil erosion; inadequate supplies of potable water
Environment - international agreements party to: Hazardous Wastes


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: Hazardous Wastes
Ethnic groups Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998) black 95%, mulatto and white 5%
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999) gourdes per US dollar - 38.352 (2004), 42.367 (2003), 29.251 (2002), 24.429 (2001), 21.171 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26 July 2002); Spanish Coprince Episcopal Monsignor Joan Enric VIVES SICILIA (since 12 May 2003), represented by Nemesi MARQUES OSTE (since NA)


head of government: Executive Council President Marc FORNE MOLNE (since 21 December 1994)


cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president


elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA 2005)


election results: Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA%
chief of state: Interim President Boniface ALEXANDRE (since 29 February 2004)


note: Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE resigned as president on 29 February 2004; ALEXANDRE, as Chief of the Supreme Court, constitutionally succeeded Aristide


head of government: Interim Prime Minister Gerald LATORTUE (since 12 March 2004), chosen by extraconstitutional Council of Eminent Persons representing cross-section of political and civic interests


cabinet: Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 26 November 2000 (next to be held in November 2005); prime minister appointed by the president, ratified by the National Assembly


election results: Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE elected president; percent of vote - Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE 92%
Exports $58 million f.o.b. (1998) NA
Exports - commodities tobacco products, furniture manufactures, coffee, oils, cocoa, mangoes
Exports - partners Spain 58%, France 34% (2000) US 81.2%, Dominican Republic 7.3%, Canada 4.1% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 October - 30 September
Flag description three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a centered white rectangle bearing the coat of arms, which contains a palm tree flanked by flags and two cannons above a scroll bearing the motto L'UNION FAIT LA FORCE (Union Makes Strength)
GDP purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: 30%


industry: 20%


services: 50% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $19,000 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.8% (2000 est.) -3.5% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 42 30 N, 1 30 E 19 00 N, 72 25 W
Geography - note landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees shares island of Hispaniola with Dominican Republic (western one-third is Haiti, eastern two-thirds is the Dominican Republic)
Highways total: 269 km


paved: 198 km


unpaved: 71 km (1994)
total: 4,160 km


paved: 1,011 km


unpaved: 3,149 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs - major Caribbean transshipment point for cocaine en route to the US and Europe; substantial money-laundering activity; Colombian narcotics traffickers favor Haiti for illicit financial transactions; pervasive corruption
Imports $1.077 billion (1998) NA
Imports - commodities consumer goods, food, electricity food, manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, fuels, raw materials
Imports - partners Spain 48%, France 35%, US 2.3% (2000) US 34.8%, Netherlands Antilles 18%, Malaysia 5.1%, Colombia 4.7% (2004)
Independence 1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of the French count of Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel) 1 January 1804 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA
Industries tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking sugar refining, flour milling, textiles, cement, light assembly industries based on imported parts
Infant mortality rate total: 4.06 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 4.4 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
total: 73.45 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 79.92 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 66.79 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 4.3% (2000) 22% (2004 est.)
International organization participation CE, ECE, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OSCE, UN, UNESCO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (observer) ACCT, ACP, Caricom (suspended), FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, LAES, MIGA, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km 750 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional Supreme Court or Cour de Cassation
Labor force 33,000 (2001 est.) 3.6 million


note: shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1995)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (2000 est.) agriculture 66%, industry 9%, services 25%
Land boundaries total: 120.3 km


border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
total: 360 km


border countries: Dominican Republic 360 km
Land use arable land: 2.22%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.78% (1998 est.)
arable land: 28.3%


permanent crops: 11.61%


other: 60.09% (2001)
Languages Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese French (official), Creole (official)
Legal system based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on Roman civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 46.1%, PSD 30%, PD 23.8%, other 0.1%; seats by party - PLA 15, PSD 6, PD 5, independents 2
bicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale consists of the Senate (27 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms; one-third elected every two years) and the Chamber of Deputies (83 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms); note - the National Assembly stopped functioning in January 2004 when the terms of all Deputies and two-thirds of sitting Senators expired; no replacements have been elected; the President is currently ruling by decree


elections: Senate - last held for two-thirds of seats 21 May 2000 with runoffs on 9 July boycotted by the opposition; seven seats still disputed; election for remaining one-third held on 26 November 2000 (next to be held in 2005); Chamber of Deputies - last held 21 May 2000 with runoffs on 30 July boycotted by the opposition; one vacant seat rerun 26 November 2000 (next to be held in November 2005)


election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - FL 26, independent 1; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - FL 73, MOCHRENA 3, PLB 2, OPL 1, vacant 1, other minor parties and independents 3
Life expectancy at birth total population: 83.49 years


male: 80.58 years


female: 86.58 years (2003 est.)
total population: 52.92 years


male: 51.58 years


female: 54.31 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition: NA


total population: 100%


male: NA%


female: NA%
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 52.9%


male: 54.8%


female: 51.2% (2003 est.)
Location Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain Caribbean, western one-third of the island of Hispaniola, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of the Dominican Republic
Map references Europe Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: to depth of exploitation
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France and Spain -
Military branches no regular military forces, but there is a police force the regular Haitian Armed Forces (FAdH) - Army, Navy, and Air Force - have been demobilized but still exist on paper until or unless they are constitutionally abolished
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $26 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 0.9% (2003)
National holiday Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278) Independence Day, 1 January (1804)
Nationality noun: Andorran(s)


adjective: Andorran
noun: Haitian(s)


adjective: Haitian
Natural hazards avalanches lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic droughts
Natural resources hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead bauxite, copper, calcium carbonate, gold, marble, hydropower
Net migration rate 6.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) -1.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders Democratic Party or PD (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND) [Ladislau BARO SOLO]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA [Marc FORNE MOLNE] (used to be Liberal Union or UL); Liberal Union or UL [Francesc CERQUEDA]; National Democratic Group or AND [Ladislau BARO SOLO]; National Democratic Initiative or IDN [Vicenc MATEU ZAMORA]; New Democracy or ND [Jaume BARTOMEU CASSANY]; Social Democratic Party or PSD (formerly part of National Democratic Group of AND) [leader NA]; Union of the People of Ordino (Unio Parroquial d'Ordino) or UPO [Simo DURO COMA]


note: there are two other small parties
Alliance for the Liberation and Advancement of Haiti or ALAH [Reynold GEORGES]; Assembly of Progressive National Democrats or RDNP [Leslie MANIGAT]; Ayiti Kapab [Ernst VERDIEU]; Convention for Democratic Unity or KID [Evans PAUL]; National Congress of Democratic Movements or KONAKOM [Victor BENOIT]; Nationalist Progressive Revolutionary Party or PANPRA [Serge GILLES]; Democratic Movement for the Liberation of Haiti or MODELH [Francois LATORTUE]; Grand Center Right Front coalition (composed of MDN, MRN, and PDCH) [Hubert de RONCERAY, Jean BUTEAU, Osner FEVRY and Marie-Denise CLAUDE]; Haitian Christian Democratic Party or PDCH [Osner FEVRY and Marie-Denise CLAUDE]; Haitian Democratic Party or PADEMH [Clark PARENT]; Haitian Democratic and Reform Movement or MODEREH [Dany TOUSSAINT and Pierre Soncon PRINCE]; Heads Together [Dr. Gerard BLOT]; Lavalas Family or FL [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Haiti or PLH [Michael MADSEN]; Mobilization for National Development or MDN [Hubert DE RONCERAY]; Movement for National Reconstruction or MRN [Jean Henold BUTEAU]; Movement for the Installation of Democracy in Haiti or MIDH [Marc BAZIN]; National Front for the Reconstruction of Haiti or FRON [Guy PHILIPPE]; National Progressive Democratic Party or PNDPH [Turneb DELPE]; New Christian Movement for a New Haiti or MOCHRENA [Luc MESADIEU]; Open the Gate Party (Parti Louvri Bayre) or PLB [leader NA]; Popular Party for the Renewal of Haiti, or Generation 2000 [Claude ROMAIN and Daniel SUPPLICE]; Struggling People's Organization or OPL [Edgard LEBLANC]; MNP28 [Dejean BELIZAIRE]; KOMBA [Evans LESCOUFLAIR]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA Autonomous Organizations of Haitian Workers or CATH [Fignole ST-CYR]; Confederation of Haitian Workers or CTH; Federation of Workers Trade Unions or FOS; Group of 184 Civil Society Organization, or G-184 [Andy APAID]; National Popular Assembly or APN; Papaye Peasants Movement or MPP [Chavannes JEAN-BAPTISTE]; Popular Organizations Gathering Power or PROP; Roman Catholic Church; Protestant Federation of Haiti
Population 69,150 (July 2003 est.) 8,121,622


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 80% (2003 est.)
Population growth rate 1.06% (2003 est.) 2.26% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors none Cap-Haitien
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 41, FM 26, shortwave 0 (1999)
Railways 0 km -
Religions Roman Catholic (predominant) Roman Catholic 80%, Protestant 16% (Baptist 10%, Pentecostal 4%, Adventist 1%, other 1%), none 1%, other 3% (1982)


note: roughly half of the population practices Voodoo
Sex ratio at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female


total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female


total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges


international: landline circuits to France and Spain
general assessment: domestic facilities barely adequate; international facilities slightly better


domestic: coaxial cable and microwave radio relay trunk service


international: country code - 509; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 32,946 (December 1998) 130,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular 14,117 (December 1998) 140,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations 0 (1997) 2 (plus a cable TV service) (1997)
Terrain rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys mostly rough and mountainous
Total fertility rate 1.27 children born/woman (2003 est.) 5.02 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 0% widespread unemployment and underemployment; more than two-thirds of the labor force do not have formal jobs (2002 est.)
Waterways none -
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