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Compare Akrotiri (2006) - Mali (2003)

Compare Akrotiri (2006) z Mali (2003)

 Akrotiri (2006)Mali (2003)
 AkrotiriMali
Administrative divisions - 8 regions (regions, singular - region); Gao, Kayes, Kidal, Koulikoro, Mopti, Segou, Sikasso, Tombouctou
Age structure - 0-14 years: 47.2% (male 2,759,802; female 2,727,226)


15-64 years: 49.8% (male 2,771,532; female 3,017,348)


65 years and over: 3% (male 161,983; female 188,328) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products - cotton, millet, rice, corn, vegetables, peanuts; cattle, sheep, goats
Airports - 26 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways - total: 7


2,438 to 3,047 m: 4


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways - total: 19


1,524 to 2,437 m: 6


914 to 1,523 m: 5


under 914 m: 8 (2002)
Area total: 123 sq km


note: includes a salt lake and wetlands
total: 1.24 million sq km


land: 1.22 million sq km


water: 20,000 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC slightly less than twice the size of Texas
Background By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The southernmost and smallest of these is the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Western Sovereign Base Area. The Sudanese Republic and Senegal became independent of France in 1960 as the Mali Federation. When Senegal withdrew after only a few months, what formerly made up the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. Rule by dictatorship was brought to a close in 1991 with a transitional government and in 1992 when Mali's first democratic presidential election was held. After his reelection in 1997, President Alpha KONARE continued to push through political and economic reforms and to fight corruption. In keeping with Mali's two-term constitutional limit, he stepped down in 2002 and was succeeded by Amadou TOURE.
Birth rate - 47.79 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget - revenues: $764 million


expenditures: $828 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2002 est.)
Capital name: Episkopi Cantonment; also serves as capital of Dhekelia


geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E


time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Bamako
Climate temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters subtropical to arid; hot and dry February to June; rainy, humid, and mild June to November; cool and dry November to February
Coastline 56.3 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960 adopted 12 January 1992
Country name conventional long form: Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area


conventional short form: Akrotiri
conventional long form: Republic of Mali


conventional short form: Mali


local long form: Republique de Mali


local short form: Mali


former: French Sudan and Sudanese Republic
Currency - Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Death rate - 19.21 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external - $3.3 billion (2000)
Dependency status overseas territory of UK; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Vicki HUDDLESTONE


embassy: Rue Rochester NY and Rue Mohamed V, Bamako


mailing address: B. P. 34, Bamako


telephone: [223] (2) 223-833


FAX: [223] (2) 223-712
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission: Ambassador Abdoulaye DIOP


chancery: 2130 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 332-2249, 939-8950


FAX: [1] (202) 332-6603
Disputes - international - armed bandits based in Mali attack southern Algerian towns
Economic aid - recipient - $596.4 million (2001)
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Akrotiri. All food and manufactured goods must be imported. Mali is among the poorest countries in the world, with 65% of its land area desert or semidesert and with a highly unequal distribution of income. Economic activity is largely confined to the riverine area irrigated by the Niger. About 10% of the population is nomadic and some 80% of the labor force is engaged in farming and fishing. Industrial activity is concentrated on processing farm commodities. Mali is heavily dependent on foreign aid and vulnerable to fluctuations in world prices for cotton, its main export, along with gold. The government has continued its successful implementation of an IMF-recommended structural adjustment program that is helping the economy grow, diversify, and attract foreign investment. Mali's adherence to economic reform and the 50% devaluation of the African franc in January 1994 have pushed up economic growth to a sturdy 5% average in 1996-2002. Worker remittances and external trade routes have been jeopardized by continued unrest in neighboring Cote d'Ivoire.
Electricity - consumption - 446.6 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh; note - recent hydropower developments may be providing electricity to Senegal and Mauritania (2001)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production - 480.2 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 41.7%


hydro: 58.3%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes - lowest point: Senegal River 23 m


highest point: Hombori Tondo 1,155 m
Environment - current issues shooting around the salt lake; note - breeding place for loggerhead and green turtles; only remaining colony of griffon vultures is on the base deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; inadequate supplies of potable water; poaching
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups - Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Soninke), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5%
Exchange rates - Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 696.99 (2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.7 (1999), 589.95 (1998)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Administrator Air Vice-Marshal Richard LACEY (since 26 April 2006); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defence


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch
chief of state: President Amadou Toumani TOURE (since 8 June 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Ahmed Mohamed Ag HAMANI (since 9 June 2002)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (two-term limit); election last held 12 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2007); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Amadou Toumani TOURE elected president; percent of vote - Amadou Toumani TOURE 64.4%, Soumaila CISSE 35.6%
Exports - NA (2001)
Exports - commodities - cotton, gold, livestock
Exports - partners - Thailand 13.9%, Italy 9.8%, India 7.7%, Brazil 5.5%, Germany 5%, Spain 4.9%, Portugal 4.3%, Taiwan 4.3% (2002)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of the UK is used three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP - purchasing power parity - $9.775 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 45%


industry: 17%


services: 38% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $900 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 4.5% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates 34 37 N, 32 58 E 17 00 N, 4 00 W
Geography - note British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus landlocked; divided into three natural zones: the southern, cultivated Sudanese; the central, semiarid Sahelian; and the northern, arid Saharan
Highways - total: 15,100 km


paved: 1,827 km


unpaved: 13,273 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: 1.8%


highest 10%: 40.4% (1994)
Imports - NA (2001)
Imports - commodities - petroleum, machinery and equipment, construction materials, foodstuffs, textiles
Imports - partners - Cote d'Ivoire 17.1%, France 13.5%, Senegal 6.5%, Germany 4% (2002)
Independence - 22 September 1960 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - food processing; construction; phosphate and gold mining
Infant mortality rate - total: 119.2 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 125.72 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 112.49 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 4.5% (2002 est.)
International organization participation - ACCT, ACP, AfDB, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, MIPONUH, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 13 (2001)
Irrigated land - 1,380 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch - Supreme Court or Cour Supreme
Labor force - 3.93 million (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture and fishing 80% (2001 est.)
Land boundaries total: 47.4 km


border countries: Cyprus 47.4 km
total: 7,243 km


border countries: Algeria 1,376 km, Burkina Faso 1,000 km, Guinea 858 km, Cote d'Ivoire 532 km, Mauritania 2,237 km, Niger 821 km, Senegal 419 km
Land use - arable land: 3.77%


permanent crops: 0.04%


other: 96.19% (1998 est.)
Languages English, Greek French (official), Bambara 80%, numerous African languages
Legal system the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply based on French civil law system and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court (which was formally established on 9 March 1994); has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (147 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 14 July and 28 July 2002 (next to be held NA July 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - Hope 2002 coalition 66, ADEMA 51, other 30
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 45.43 years


male: 44.7 years


female: 46.19 years (2003 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 46.4%


male: 53.5%


female: 39.6% (2003 est.)
Location peninsula on the southwest coast of Cyprus Western Africa, southwest of Algeria
Map references Middle East Africa
Maritime claims - none (landlocked)
Military - note Akrotiri has a full RAF base, Headquarters for British Forces on Cyprus, and Episkopi Support Unit -
Military branches - Army, Air Force, Gendarmerie, Republican Guard, National Guard, National Police (Surete Nationale)
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $419.7 million (FY02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 15% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49: 2,441,769 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49: 1,400,711 (2003 est.)
National holiday - Independence Day, 22 September (1960)
Nationality - noun: Malian(s)


adjective: Malian
Natural hazards - hot, dust-laden harmattan haze common during dry seasons; recurring droughts; occasional Niger River flooding
Natural resources - gold, phosphates, kaolin, salt, limestone, uranium, hydropower


note: bauxite, iron ore, manganese, tin, and copper deposits are known but not exploited
Net migration rate - -0.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders - Alliance for Democracy or ADEMA [Diounconda Traore KEITA, party chairman]; Block of Alternative for the Renewal of Africa or BARA [Yoro DIAKITE]; Democratic and Social Convention or CDS [Mamadou Bakary SANGARE, chairman]; Hope 2002 [leader NA]; Movement for the Independence, Renaissance and Integration of Africa or MIRIA [Mohamed Lamine TRAORE, Mouhamedou DICKO]; National Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL, chairman]; Party for Democracy and Progress or PDP [Me Idrissa TRAORE]; Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Yoro DIAKITE, chairman; Tiebile DRAME, secretary general]; Rally for Democracy and Labor or RDT [Ali GNANGADO]; Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Almamy SYLLA, chairman]; Rally for Mali or RPM [Ibrahim Bonbasor KEITA, chairman]; Sudanese Union/African Democratic Rally or US/RDA [Mamadou Bamou TOURE, secretary general]; Union of Democratic Forces for Progress or UFDP [Youssouf TOURE, secretary general]; Union for Democracy and Development or UDD [Moussa Balla COULIBALY]
Political pressure groups and leaders - Patriotic Movement of the Ghanda Koye or MPGK; United Movement and Fronts of Azawad or MFUA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: approximately 1,300 military personnel are on the base; there are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military personnel or civilian staff on both Akrotiri and Dhekelia; Cyprus citizens work on the base, but do not live there
11,626,219 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line - 64% average; 30% of the total population living in urban areas; 70% of the total population living in rural areas) (2001 est.)
Population growth rate - 2.82% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors - Koulikoro
Radio broadcast stations FM 1


note: British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia (2006)
AM 1, FM 28, shortwave 1


note: the shortwave station in Bamako has seven frequencies and five transmitters and relays broadcasts for China Radio International (2001)
Railways - total: 729 km


narrow gauge: 729 km 1.000-m gauge (2002)
Religions - Muslim 90%, indigenous beliefs 9%, Christian 1%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female


total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving; provides only minimal service


domestic: network consists of microwave radio relay, open-wire, and radiotelephone communications stations; expansion of microwave radio relay in progress


international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 45,000 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 40,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to Akrotiri, Dhekelia, and Nicosia (2006) 1 (plus repeaters) (2001)
Terrain - mostly flat to rolling northern plains covered by sand; savanna in south, rugged hills in northeast
Total fertility rate - 6.66 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate - 14.6% urban areas; 5.3% rural areas (2001 est.)
Waterways - 1,815 km
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