Uganda (2005)

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Uganda 2005 year


Administrative divisions	56 districts; Adjumani, Apac, Arua, Bugiri, Bundibugyo, Bushenyi, Busia, Gulu, Hoima, Iganga, Jinja, Kabale, Kabarole, Kaberamaido, Kalangala, Kampala, Kamuli, Kamwenge, Kanungu, Kapchorwa, Kasese, Katakwi, Kayunga, Kibale, Kiboga, Kisoro, Kitgum, Kotido, Kumi, Kyenjojo, Lira, Luwero, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Mbale, Mbarara, Moroto, Moyo, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Nakapiripirit, Nakasongola, Nebbi, Ntungamo, Pader, Pallisa, Rakai, Rukungiri, Sembabule, Sironko, Soroti, Tororo, Wakiso, Yumbe
Age structure	0-14 years: 50.1% (male 6,875,663/female 6,784,378) 15-64 years: 47.7% (male 6,511,867/female 6,494,859) 65 years and over: 2.2% (male 263,790/female 338,925) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, cassava (tapioca), potatoes, corn, millet, pulses; beef, goat meat, milk, poultry, cut flowers
Airports	29 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 25 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 11 under 914 m: 7 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 236,040 sq km land: 199,710 sq km water: 36,330 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Oregon
Background	Uganda achieved independence from the UK in 1962. The dictatorial regime of Idi AMIN (1971-79) was responsible for the deaths of some 300,000 opponents; guerrilla war and human rights abuses under Milton OBOTE (1980-85) claimed at least another 100,000 lives. During the 1990s, the government promulgated non-party presidential and legislative elections.
Birth rate	47.39 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $1.491 billion expenditures: $1.727 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
Capital	Kampala
Climate	tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	8 October 1995
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Uganda conventional short form: Uganda
Death rate	12.8 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$3.865 billion (2004 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jimmy KOLKER embassy: 1577 Ggaba Rd., Kampala mailing address: P. O. Box 7007, Kampala telephone: [256] (41) 234-142 FAX: [256] (41) 258-451
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Edith Grace SSEMPALA chancery: 5911 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011 telephone: [1] (202) 726-7100 through 7102, 0416 FAX: [1] (202) 726-1727
Disputes - international	Uganda is subject to armed fighting among hostile ethnic groups, rebels, armed gangs, militias, and various government forces; Ugandan refugees have fled the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) into the southern Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo; LRA forces have also attacked Kenyan villages across the border
Economic aid - recipient	$1.4 billion (2000)
Economy - overview	Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, and sizable mineral deposits of copper and cobalt. Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986, the government - with the support of foreign countries and international agencies - has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing prices of petroleum products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation and boosting production and export earnings. During 1990-2001, the economy turned in a solid performance based on continued investment in the rehabilitation of infrastructure, improved incentives for production and exports, reduced inflation, gradually improved domestic security, and the return of exiled Indian-Ugandan entrepreneurs. Corruption within the government and slippage in the government's determination to press reforms raise doubts about the continuation of strong growth. In 2000, Uganda qualified for enhanced Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt relief worth $1.3 billion and Paris Club debt relief worth $145 million. These amounts combined with the original HIPC debt relief added up to about $2 billion. Growth for 2001-02 was solid despite continued decline in the price of coffee, Uganda's principal export. Solid growth in 2003-04 reflected an upturn in Uganda's export markets.
Electricity - consumption	1.401 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	250 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	1.775 billion kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Lake Albert 621 m highest point: Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m
Environment - current issues	draining of wetlands for agricultural use; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; poaching is widespread
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification
Ethnic groups	Baganda 17%, Ankole 8%, Basoga 8%, Iteso 8%, Bakiga 7%, Langi 6%, Rwanda 6%, Bagisu 5%, Acholi 4%, Lugbara 4%, Batoro 3%, Bunyoro 3%, Alur 2%, Bagwere 2%, Bakonjo 2%, Jopodhola 2%, Karamojong 2%, Rundi 2%, non-African (European, Asian, Arab) 1%, other 8%
Exchange rates	Ugandan shillings per US dollar - 1,810.3 (2004), 1,963.7 (2003), 1,797.6 (2002), 1,755.7 (2001), 1,644.5 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 26 January 1986); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government head of government: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power 29 January 1986); Prime Minister Apollo NSIBAMBI (since 5 April 1999); note - the president is both chief of state and head of government; the prime minister assists the president in the supervision of the cabinet cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among elected legislators elections: president reelected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 12 March 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); note - first popular election for president since independence in 1962 was held in 1996; prime minister appointed by the president election results: Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI elected president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI 69.3%, Kizza BESIGYE 27.8%
Exports	250 million kWh (2002)
Exports	$621.7 million f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Exports	NA
Exports - commodities	coffee, fish and fish products, tea; gold, cotton, flowers, horticultural products
Exports - partners	Kenya 15%, Netherlands 10.7%, Belgium 9%, France 4.4%, Germany 4.4% (2004)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June
Flag description	six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red; a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a red-crested crane (the national symbol) facing the hoist side
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 35.8% industry: 20.8% services: 43.6% (2004 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	5% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates	1 00 N, 32 00 E
Geography - note	landlocked; fertile, well-watered country with many lakes and rivers
Highways	total: 27,000 km paved: 1,809 km unpaved: 25,191 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 4% highest 10%: 21% (2000)
Imports	0 kWh (2002)
Imports	$1.306 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)
Imports	NA
Imports - commodities	capital equipment, vehicles, petroleum, medical supplies; cereals
Imports - partners	Kenya 32.3%, UAE 7.3%, South Africa 6.5%, India 5.8%, China 5.6%, UK 5.1%, US 4.8%, Japan 4.8% (2004)
Independence	9 October 1962 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	5.6% (2004 est.)
Industries	sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles, cement, steel production
Infant mortality rate	total: 67.83 deaths/1,000 live births male: 71.18 deaths/1,000 live births female: 64.37 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.5% (2004 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, AfDB, AU, C, EADB, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land	90 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the president and approved by the legislature); High Court (judges are appointed by the president)
Labor force	12.41 million (2004 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 82%, industry 5%, services 13% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 2,698 km border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 765 km, Kenya 933 km, Rwanda 169 km, Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km
Land use	arable land: 25.88% permanent crops: 10.65% other: 63.47% (2001)
Languages	English (official national language, taught in grade schools, used in courts of law and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), Ganda or Luganda (most widely used of the Niger-Congo languages, preferred for native language publications in the capital and may be taught in school), other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic
Legal system	in 1995, the government restored the legal system to one based on English common law and customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly (303 members - 214 directly elected by popular vote, 81 nominated by legally established special interest groups [women 56, army 10, disabled 5, youth 5, labor 5], 8 ex officio members; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 26 June 2001 (next to be held by June 2006); election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - election campaigning by party was not permitted
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 51.59 years male: 50.74 years female: 52.46 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 69.9% male: 79.5% female: 60.4% (2003 est.)
Location	Eastern Africa, west of Kenya
Map references	Africa
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)
Military branches	Ugandan Peoples' Defense Force (UPDF): Army, Marine Unit, Air Wing
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$170.3 million (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	2.2% (2004)
National holiday	Independence Day, 9 October (1962)
Nationality	noun: Ugandan(s) adjective: Ugandan
Natural hazards	NA
Natural resources	copper, cobalt, hydropower, limestone, salt, arable land
Net migration rate	-1.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	only one political organization, the Movement (formerly the NRM) [President MUSEVENI, chairman] is allowed to operate unfettered; note - the president maintains that the Movement is not a political party, but a mass organization, which claims the loyalty of all Ugandans note: the constitution requires the suspension of political parties while the Movement organization is in governance; of the political parties that exist but are prohibited from sponsoring candidates, the most important are the Ugandan People's Congress or UPC [Milton OBOTE]; Democratic Party or DP [Paul SSEMOGERERE]; Conservative Party or CP [Ken LUKYAMUZI]; Justice Forum [Muhammad Kibirige MAYANJA]; and National Democrats Forum [Chapaa KARUHANGA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Popular Resistance Against a Life President or PRALP
Population	27,269,482 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	35% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate	3.31% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	Entebbe, Jinja, Port Bell
Radio broadcast stations	AM 7, FM 33, shortwave 2 (2001)
Railways	total: 1,241 km narrow gauge: 1,241 km 1.000-m gauge (2004)
Religions	Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: seriously inadequate; two cellular systems have been introduced, but a sharp increase in the number of main lines is essential; e-mail and Internet services are available domestic: intercity traffic by wire, microwave radio relay, and radiotelephone communication stations, fixed and mobile cellular systems for short-range traffic international: country code - 256; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Inmarsat; analog links to Kenya and Tanzania
Telephones - main lines in use	61,000 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular	776,200 (2003)
Television broadcast stations	8 (plus one low-power repeater) (2001)
Terrain	mostly plateau with rim of mountains
Total fertility rate	6.74 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA (2002 est.)
Waterways	300 km (on Lake Victoria, 200 km on Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, and parts of Albert Nile) (2004 est.)

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