Senegal (2004)

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Senegal 2004 year


Administrative divisions	11 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda, Louga, Matam, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor
Age structure	0-14 years: 43.2% (male 2,368,011; female 2,325,298) 15-64 years: 53.7% (male 2,803,192; female 3,025,304) 65 years and over: 3% (male 158,881; female 171,461) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	peanuts, millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton, tomatoes, green vegetables; cattle, poultry, pigs; fish
Airports	20 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 9 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 11 1,524 to 2,437 m: 6 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 196,190 sq km land: 192,000 sq km water: 4,190 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than South Dakota
Background	Independent from France in 1960, Senegal joined with The Gambia to form the nominal confederation of Senegambia in 1982. However, the envisaged integration of the two countries was never carried out, and the union was dissolved in 1989. Despite peace talks, a southern separatist group sporadically has clashed with government forces since 1982. Senegal has a long history of participating in international peacekeeping.
Birth rate	35.72 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $1.304 billion expenditures: $1.367 billion, including capital expenditures of $357 million (2003 est.)
Capital	Dakar
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (May to November) has strong southeast winds; dry season (December to April) dominated by hot, dry, harmattan wind
Coastline	531 km
Constitution	a new constitution was adopted 7 January 2001
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Senegal conventional short form: Senegal local long form: Republique du Senegal local short form: Senegal
Currency	Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Death rate	10.74 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	$3.009 billion (2003 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Richard Alan ROTH embassy: Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Rue Kleber, Dakar mailing address: B. P. 49, Dakar telephone: [221] 823-4296 FAX: [221] 822-2991
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Amadou Lamine BA chancery: 2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-0540 FAX: [1] (202) 332-6315 consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international	The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau attempt to stem refugees, cross border raids, arms smuggling, and political instability from a separatist movement in Senegal's Casamance region
Economic aid - recipient	$362.6 million (2002 est.)
Economy - overview	In January 1994, Senegal undertook a bold and ambitious economic reform program with the support of the international donor community. This reform began with a 50% devaluation of Senegal's currency, the CFA franc, which was linked at a fixed rate to the French franc. Government price controls and subsidies have been steadily dismantled. After seeing its economy contract by 2.1% in 1993, Senegal made an important turnaround, thanks to the reform program, with real growth in GDP averaging 5% annually during 1995-2003. Annual inflation had been pushed down to the low single digits. As a member of the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), Senegal is working toward greater regional integration with a unified external tariff. Senegal also realized full Internet connectivity in 1996, creating a miniboom in information technology-based services. Private activity now accounts for 82% of GDP. On the negative side, Senegal faces deep-seated urban problems of chronic unemployment, trade union militancy, juvenile delinquency, and drug addiction.
Electricity - consumption	1.412 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	1.518 billion kWh (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed feature near Nepen Diakha 581 m
Environment - current issues	wildlife populations threatened by poaching; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; overfishing
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
Ethnic groups	Wolof 43.3%, Pular 23.8%, Serer 14.7%, Jola 3.7%, Mandinka 3%, Soninke 1.1%, European and Lebanese 1%, other 9.4%
Exchange rates	Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 581.2 (2003), 696.988 (2002), 733.039 (2001), 711.976 (2000), 615.699 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Abdoulaye WADE (since 1 April 2000) head of government: Prime Minister Macky SALL (since 21 April 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister in consultation with the president elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term under new constitution; election last held 27 February and 19 March 2000 (next to be held 27 February 2005); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Abdoulaye WADE elected president; percent of vote in the second round of voting - Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 58.49%, Abdou DIOUF (PS) 41.51%
Exports	0 kWh (2001)
Exports	$1.23 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
Exports	0 cu m (2001 est.)
Exports	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	fish, groundnuts (peanuts), petroleum products, phosphates, cotton
Exports - partners	India 13%, France 12.2%, Mali 9.5%, Italy 8.5%, Cote d'Ivoire 5.4%, Spain 5% (2003)
Fiscal year	calendar year
Flag description	three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia
GDP	purchasing power parity - $17.09 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 16.8% industry: 27.2% services: 56% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,600 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	5.5% (2003 est.)
Geographic coordinates	14 00 N, 14 00 W
Geography - note	westernmost country on the African continent; The Gambia is almost an enclave within Senegal
Highways	total: 14,576 km paved: 4,271 km including 7 km of expressways unpaved: 10,305 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 2.6% highest 10%: 33.5% (1995)
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin moving to Europe and North America; illicit cultivator of cannabis
Imports	0 kWh (2001)
Imports	$1.753 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)
Imports	0 cu m (2001 est.)
Imports	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	foods and beverages, capital goods, fuels
Imports - partners	France 24.9%, Nigeria 12.2%, Thailand 6.7%, Spain 4.3% (2003)
Independence	4 April 1960 (from France); note - complete independence was achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960
Industrial production growth rate	2.9% (2003 est.)
Industries	agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, fertilizer production, petroleum refining, construction materials
Infant mortality rate	total: 56.53 deaths/1,000 live births male: 60.25 deaths/1,000 live births female: 52.71 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	0% (2003 est.)
International organization participation	ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM, OIC, ONUB, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNMOVIC, UNOCI, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Irrigated land	710 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Constitutional Court; Council of State; Court of Final Appeals or Cour de Cassation; Court of Appeals; note - the judicial system was reformed in 1992
Labor force	4.62 million NA (2003)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 70%
Land boundaries	total: 2,640 km border countries: The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali 419 km, Mauritania 813 km
Land use	arable land: 12.78% permanent crops: 0.21% other: 87.01% (2001)
Languages	French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Jola, Mandinka
Legal system	based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Court; the Council of State audits the government's accounting office; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (120 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms) note: the former National Assembly, dissolved in the spring of 2001, had 140 seats elections: last held 29 April 2001 (next to be held NA 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - SOPI Coalition 89, AFP 11, PS 10, other 10
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 56.56 years male: 54.94 years female: 58.23 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 40.2% male: 50% female: 30.7% (2003 est.)
Location	Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Mauritania
Map references	Africa
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Military branches	Army, Navy, Air Force, National Gendarmerie, National Police (Surete Nationale)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$95.8 million (2003)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.5% (2003)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 2,490,290 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 1,301,761 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 119,833 (2004 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 4 April (1960)
Nationality	noun: Senegalese (singular and plural) adjective: Senegalese
Natural hazards	lowlands seasonally flooded; periodic droughts
Natural resources	fish, phosphates, iron ore
Net migration rate	0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines	gas 564 km (2004)
Political parties and leaders	African Party for Democracy and Socialism or And Jef (also known as PADS/AJ) [Landing SAVANE, secretary general]; African Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP]; Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]; Democratic and Patriotic Convention or CDP (also known as Garab-Gi) [Dr. Iba Der THIAM]; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr. Abdoulaye BATHILY]; Front for Socialism and Democracy or FSD [Cheikh Abdoulaye DIEYE]; Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS]; Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath DANSOKHO]; National Democratic Rally or RND [Madier DIOUF]; Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]; Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG]; SOPI Coalition (a coalition led by the PDS) [Abdoulaye WADE]; Union for Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA]; other small parties
Political pressure groups and leaders	labor; Muslim brotherhoods; students; teachers
Population	10,852,147 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	54% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate	2.52% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	Dakar, Kaolack, Matam, Podor, Richard Toll, Saint-Louis, Ziguinchor
Radio broadcast stations	AM 8, FM 20, shortwave 1 (2001)
Railways	total: 906 km narrow gauge: 906 km 1.000-meter gauge (2003)
Religions	Muslim 94%, indigenous beliefs 1%, Christian 5% (mostly Roman Catholic)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.93 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: good system domestic: above-average urban system; microwave radio relay, coaxial cable and fiber-optic cable in trunk system international: country code - 221; 4 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	228,800 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular	575,900 (2003)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)
Terrain	generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast
Total fertility rate	4.84 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	48% (urban youth 40%) (2001 est.)
Waterways	1,000 km (primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance rivers) (2003)

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