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San Marino (2003)

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San Marino 2003 year

 San Marino
Administrative divisions 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle
Age structure 0-14 years: 16.3% (male 2,364; female 2,220)


15-64 years: 67.1% (male 9,149; female 9,731)


65 years and over: 16.6% (male 2,009; female 2,646) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
Airports none (2002)
Area total: 61.2 sq km


land: 61.2 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.
Birth rate 10.49 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget revenues: $400 million


expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital San Marino
Climate Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Coastline 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution
Country name conventional long form: Republic of San Marino


conventional short form: San Marino


local long form: Repubblica di San Marino


local short form: San Marino
Currency euro (EUR)
Death rate 7.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external $NA
Diplomatic representation from the US the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino
Diplomatic representation in the US San Marino does not have an embassy in the US


honorary consulate(s) general: Washington, DC and New York


honorary consulate(s): Detroit and Honolulu
Disputes - international none
Economic aid - recipient $NA
Economy - overview The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2000 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food.
Electricity - consumption NA (2000)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh


note: electric power supplied by Italy
Electricity - imports 0 kWh


note: electricity supplied by Italy
Electricity - production NA
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 41.18%


hydro: 58.82%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0%
Elevation extremes lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m


highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
Environment - current issues NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban


signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
Ethnic groups Sammarinese, Italian
Exchange rates euros per US dollar - 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state: cochiefs of state Captain Regent Giovanni LONFERNINI and Captain Regent Valeria CIAVATTA (for the period 1 October 2003-31 March 2004)


head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 17 December 2002)


cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term


elections: cochiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA September 2003 (next to be held NA March 2004); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 17 December 2002 (next to be held NA June 2007)


election results: Giovanni LONFERNINI and Valeria CIAVATTA elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA%; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - 40%


note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some of the prerogatives of a prime minister
Exports 0 kWh


note: electric power supplied by Italy
Exports trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Exports - commodities building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics
Fiscal year calendar year
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)
GDP purchasing power parity - $940 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $34,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 7.5% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 43 46 N, 12 25 E
Geography - note landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
Highways total: 220 km


paved: 220 km


unpaved: 0 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports 0 kWh


note: electricity supplied by Italy
Imports trade data are included with the statistics for Italy
Imports - commodities wide variety of consumer manufactures, food
Independence 3 September 301
Industrial production growth rate 6% (1997 est.)
Industries tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Infant mortality rate total: 5.97 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 6.41 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.3% (2001)
International organization participation CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km
Judicial branch Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII
Labor force 18,500 (1999)
Labor force - by occupation services 57%, industry 42%, agriculture 1% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total: 39 km


border countries: Italy 39 km
Land use arable land: 16.67%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 83.33% (1998 est.)
Languages Italian
Legal system based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 10 June 2001 (next to be held by June 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 41.4%, PSS 24.2%, PD 20.8%, APDS 8.2%, RC 3.4%, AN 1.9%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 15, PD 12, APDS 5, RC 2, AN 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 81.43 years


male: 77.9 years


female: 85.26 years (2003 est.)
Literacy definition: age 10 and over can read and write


total population: 96%


male: 97%


female: 95% (1976 est.)
Location Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Map references Europe
Maritime claims none (landlocked)
Military branches Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar), Gendarmerie; note - the Voluntary Military Force performs ceremonial duties and limited police assistance
Military expenditures - dollar figure $700,000 (FY00/01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA%
National holiday Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301)
Nationality noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)


adjective: Sammarinese
Natural hazards NA
Natural resources building stone
Net migration rate 11.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [leader NA]; Party of Democrats or PD [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Giovanni LONFERNINI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA
Population 28,119 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line NA%
Population growth rate 1.38% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors none
Radio broadcast stations AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways 0 km; note - there is a 1.5-km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore
Religions Roman Catholic
Sex ratio at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female


total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate connections


domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system


international: connected to Italian international network
Telephones - main lines in use 18,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 3,010 (1998)
Television broadcast stations 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997)
Terrain rugged mountains
Total fertility rate 1.31 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate 2.6% (2001)
Waterways none
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