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Kambodza 2001 roku

 Kambodza
Podzial administracyjny 20 provinces (khett, singular and plural) and 4 municipalities* (krong, singular and plural); Banteay Mean Cheay, Batdambang, Kampong Cham, Kampong Chhnang, Kampong Spoe, Kampong Thum, Kampot, Kandal, Kaoh Kong, Keb*, Kracheh, Mondol Kiri, Otdar Mean Cheay, Pailin*, Phnum Penh*, Pouthisat, Preah Seihanu* (Sihanoukville), Preah Vihear, Prey Veng, Rotanah Kiri, Siem Reab, Stoeng Treng, Svay Rieng, Takev
Struktura wiekowa 0-14 years:
41.25% (male 2,626,821; female 2,526,510)

15-64 years:
55.28% (male 3,253,611; female 3,651,129)

65 years and over:
3.47% (male 177,577; female 255,853) (2001 est.)
Rolinictwo rice, rubber, corn, vegetables
Lotniska 19 (2000 est.)
Lotniska z utwardzonymi pasami total:
6

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Lotniska z nieutwardzonymi pasami total:
13

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
11 (2000 est.)
Terytorium total:
181,040 sq km

land:
176,520 sq km

water:
4,520 sq km
Terytorium - porownanie wielkosci slightly smaller than Oklahoma
Tlo historyczne Following a five-year struggle, communist Khmer Rouge forces captured Phnom Penh w 1975 and ordered the evacuation of all cities and towns; over 1 million displaced people died from execution or enforced hardships. A 1978 Wietnamese invasion drove the Khmer Rouge into the countryside and touched off 13 years of fighting. UN-sponsored elections w 1993 helped restore some semblance of normalcy, as did the rapid diminishment of the Khmer Rouge w the mid-1990s. A coalition government, formed after national elections w 1998, brought renewed political stability and the surrender of remaining Khmer Rouge forces.
Wspolczynnik narodzin 33.16 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budzet revenues:
$363 million

expenditures:
$532 million, including capital expenditures of $225 million (2000 est.)
Stolica Phnom Penh
Klimat tropical; rainy, monsoon season (maj to listopad); dry season (grudzien to kwiecien); little seasonal temperature variation
Linia brzegowa 443 km
Konstytucja promulgated 21 wrzesien 1993
Nazwa panstwa conventional long form:
Kingdom of Kambodza

conventional short form:
Kambodza

local long form:
Preahreacheanachakr Kampuchea

local short form:
Kampuchea

former:
Khmer Republic, Kampuchea Republic
Waluta riel (KHR)
Wspolczynnik zgonow 10.65 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Zadluzenie - zewnetrzne $829 million (1999 est.)
Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna ze strony USA chief of mission:
Ambassador Kent M. WIEDEMANN

embassy:
16-18 Mongkol lem St. 228, Phnom Penh

mailing address:
Box P, APO AP 96546

telephone:
[855] (23) 216-436

FAX:
[855] (23) 216-437
Reprezentacja dyplomatyczna w USA chief of mission:
Ambassador Roland ENG

chancery:
4500 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011

telephone:
[1] (202) 726-7742

FAX:
[1] (202) 726-8381
Miedzynarodowe dyskusje portions of boundary z Wietnam are disputed; parts of border z Tajlandia are indefinite
Ekonomiczna pomoc - pobieranie $548 million pledged w grants and concessional loans dla 2001 by international donors
Ekonomia Kambodza's economy slowed dramatically w 1997-98 due to the regional economic crisis, civil violence, and political infighting. Foreign investment and tourism fell off. In 1999, the first full year of peace w 30 years, progress was made on economic reforms and growth resumed at 4%. Produkt krajowy brutto growth dla 2000 had been projected to reach 5.5%, but the worst flooding w 70 years severely damaged agricultural crops, and high oil prices hurt industrial production, and growth dla the year is estimated at only 4%. Tourism is Kambodza's fastest growing industry, z arrivals up 34% w 2000. The long-term development of the economy after decades of war remains a daunting challenge. The population lacks education and productive skills, particularly w the poverty-ridden countryside, which suffers from an almost total lack of basic infrastructure. Fear of renewed political instability and corruption within the government discourage foreign investment and delay foreign aid. On the brighter side, the government is addressing these issues z assistance from bilateral and multilateral donors.
Elektrycznosc - konsumpcja 136.7 million kWh (1999)
Elektrycznosc - eksport 0 kWh (1999)
Elektrycznosc - import 0 kWh (1999)
Elektrycznosc - produkcja 147 million kWh (1999)
Elektrycznosc - zrodla energii fossil fuel:
59.18%

hydro:
40.82%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Skrajne punkty wysokosci lowest point:
Gulf of Tajlandia 0 m

highest point:
Phnum Aoral 1,810 m
Srodowisko - obecne problemy illegal logging activities throughout the country and strip mining dla gems w the western region along the border z Tajlandia have resulted w habitat loss and declining biodiversity (in particular, destruction of mangrove swamps threatens natural fisheries); soil erosion; w rural areas, a majority of the population does not have access to potable water; toxic waste delivery from Tajwan sparked unrest w Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville) w grudzien 1998
Srodowisko - miedzynarodowe umowy party to:
Biodiversity, Klimat Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Marine Life Conservation, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping
Grupy etniczne Khmer 90%, Wietnamese 5%, Chinese 1%, other 4%
Kurs waluty riels per US dollar - 3,909.0 (styczen 2001), 3,840.8 (2000), 3,807.8 (1999), 3,744.4 (1998), 2,946.3 (1997), 2,624.1 (1996)
Wladza wykonawcza chief of state:
King Norodom SIHANOUK (reinstated 24 wrzesien 1993)

head of government:
Prime Minister HUN SEN (since 30 listopad 1998)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch

elections:
none; the monarch is chosen by a Royal Throne Council; prime minister appointed by the monarch after a vote of confidence by the National Assembly
Eksport 0 kWh (1999)
Eksport $942 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Eksport - towary timber, garments, rubber, rice, fish
Eksport - partnerzy Wietnam 18%, Tajlandia 15%, US 10%, Singapur 8%, Chiny 5% (1997)
Rok podatkowy rok kalendarzowy
Opis flagi three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double width), and blue z a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat outlined w black w the center of the red band
Produkt krajowy brutto purchasing power parity - $16.1 billion (2000 est.)
Produkt krajowy brutto - podzial wg galezi przemyslu agriculture:
43%

industry:
20%

services:
37% (1998 est.)
Produkt krajowy brutto - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2000 est.)
Produkt krajowy brutto - realny wspolczynnik wzrostu 4% (2000 est.)
Koordynaty geograficzne 13 00 N, 105 00 E
Polozenie geograficzne a land of paddies and forests dominated by the Mekong River and Tonle Sap
Ladowiska helikopterow 3 (2000 est.)
Autostrady total:
35,769 km

paved:
4,165 km

unpaved:
31,604 km (1997)
Domowy dochód albo konsumpcja wg podzialu procentowego lowest 10%:
2.9%

highest 10%:
33.8% (1997)
Narkotyki possible money laundering; narcotics-related corruption reportedly involving some w the government, military, and police; possible small-scale opium, heroin, and amphetamine production; large producer of cannabis dla the international market
Import 0 kWh (1999)
Import $1.3 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Import - towary cigarettes, gold, construction materials, petroleum products, machinery, motor vehicles
Import - partnerzy Tajlandia 16%, Wietnam 9%, Japonia 7%, Hong Kong 5%, Chiny 5% (1997)
Niepodleglosc 9 listopad 1953 (from Francja)
Wspolczynnik wzrostu produkcji w przemysle NA%
Przemysl garments, tourism, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles
Wspolczynnik umieralnosci noworodkow 65.41 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflacja 1.6% (2000 est.)
Czlonek miedzynarodowych organizacji ACCT, ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (subscriber), ITU, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Dostawcy internetu 2 (2000)
Nawadniane tereny 920 sq km (1993 est.)
Sadownictwo Supreme Council of the Magistracy (provided dla w the constitution and formed w grudzien 1997); Supreme Court (and lower courts) exercises judicial authority
Sila robocza 6 million (1998 est.)
Sila robocza - wg galezi gospodarki agriculture 80% (1999 est.)
Granica total:
2,572 km

border countries:
Laos 541 km, Tajlandia 803 km, Wietnam 1,228 km
Zagospodarowanie terenu arable land:
13%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
11%

forests and woodland:
66%

other:
10% (1993 est.)
Jezyki Khmer (official) 95%, French, English
System prawny primarily a civil law mixture of French-influenced codes from the United Nations Transitional Authority w Kambodza (UNTAC) period, royal decrees, and acts of the legislature, z influences of customary law and remnants of communist legal theory; increasing influence of common law w recent years
Wladza ustawodawcza bicameral consists of the National Assembly (122 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and the Senate (61 seats; two members appointed by the monarch, two elected by the National Assembly, and 57 elected by "functional constituencies"; members serve five-year terms

elections:
National Assembly - last held 26 lipiec 1998 (next to be held NA 2003); Senate - last held 2 marzec 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
National Assembly - percent of vote by party - CPP 41%, FUNCINPEC 32%, SRP 14%, other 13%; seats by party - CPP 64, FUNCINPEC 43, SRP 15; Senate - seats by party - CPP 31, FUNCINPEC 21, SRP 7
Zywotnosc total population:
56.82 years

male:
54.62 years

female:
59.12 years (2001 est.)
Pismienni definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
35%

male:
48%

female:
22% (1990 est.)
Lokalizacja Southeastern Asia, bordering the Gulf of Tajlandia, between Tajlandia, Wietnam, and Laos
Lokalizacja na mapie Southeast Asia
Morskie obszary contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
200 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Flota handlowa total:
295 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,305,932 GRT/1,853,487 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 22, cargo 237, chemical tanker 1, combination bulk 3, container 8, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 2, multi-functional large-load carrier 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 7, refrigerated cargo 6, roll on/roll off 5, short-sea passenger 1

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Cypr 3, South Korea 1, Malta 1, Panama 1, Rosja 1, Singapur 1 (2000 est.)
Wojsko Royal Kambodzan Armed Forces (RCAF), including Army, Navy, and Air Force - created w 1993 by the merger of the Kambodzan People's Armed Forces and the two noncommunist resistance armies

note:
Khmer Rouge and royalist insurgent forces were integrated into the RCAF w 1999
Wojska - wydatki (w dolarach) $112 million (FY01 est.)
Wojsko - wydatki (procent PKB) 3% (FY01 est.)
Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (w wieku poborowym) males age 15-49:
2,877,137 (2001 est.)
Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (zdolni do sluzby wojskowej) males age 15-49:
1,610,761 (2001 est.)
Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (wiek zolniezy) 18 years of age
Wojsko - zasoby ludzkie (osoby osiagajace wiek poborowy w ciagu roku) males:
162,643 (2001 est.)
Swieto narodowe Niepodleglosc Day, 9 listopad (1953)
Narodowosc noun:
Kambodzan(s)

adjective:
Kambodzan
Naturalne zagrozenia monsoonal rains (czerwiec to listopad); flooding; occasional droughts
Surowce naturalne timber, gemstones, some iron ore, manganese, phosphates, hydropower potential
Wspolczynnik migracji 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Partie polityczne i przywodcy Buddhist Liberal Party or BLP [IENG MOULY]; Kambodzan Pracheachon Party or Kambodzan People's Party or CPP [CHEA SIM]; Khmer Citizen Party or KCP [NGUON SOEUR]; National United Front dla an Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Kambodza or FUNCINPEC [Prince NORODOM RANARIDDH]; Sam Rangsi Party or SRP (formerly Khmer Nation Party or KNP) [SAM RANGSI]
Przesladowania polityczne ugrupowan oraz liderow NA
Ludnosc 12,491,501

note:
estimates dla this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result w lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes w the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (lipiec 2001 est.)
Ludnosc zyjaca na skraju ubostwa 36% (1997 est.)
Przyrost naturalny 2.25% (2001 est.)
Porty i stocznie Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville), Kampot, Krong Kaoh Kong, Phnom Penh
Stacje radiowe AM 7, FM 3, shortwave 3 (1999)
Radia 1.34 million (1997)
Linie kolejowe total:
603 km

narrow gauge:
603 km 1.000-m gauge
Religie Theravada Buddhist 95%, other 5%
Wspolczynnik plci at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.89 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.69 male(s)/female

total population:
0.94 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Prawo wyborcze 18 years of age; universal
System telefoniczny general assessment:
adequate landline and/or cellular service w Phnom Penh and other provincial cities; rural areas have little telephone service

domestic:
NA

international:
adequate but expensive landline and cellular service available to all countries from Phnom Penh and major provincial cities; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Ocean Indyjski region)
Telefony - wykorzystywane linie telefoniczne 21,800 (mid-1998)
Telefony komorkowe 80,000 (2000)
Stacje telewizyjne 5 (1999)
Uksztaltowanie terenu mostly low, flat plains; mountains w southwest and north
Wspolczynnik nardzin przypadajacy na kobiety 4.74 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Wspolczynnik bezrobocia 2.8% (1999 est.)
Drogi wodne 3,700 km

note:
navigable all year to craft drawing 0.6 m or less; 282 km navigable to craft drawing as much as 1.8 m
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