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Compare Uzbekistan (2006) - Mayotte (2008)
Compare Uzbekistan (2006) z Mayotte (2008)
| Uzbekistan (2006) | Mayotte (2008) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 12 provinces (viloyatlar, singular - viloyat), 1 autonomous republic* (respublika), and 1 city** (shahar); Andijon Viloyati, Buxoro Viloyati, Farg'ona Viloyati, Jizzax Viloyati, Namangan Viloyati, Navoiy Viloyati, Qashqadaryo Viloyati (Qarshi), Qoraqalpog'iston Respublikasi* (Nukus), Samarqand Viloyati, Sirdaryo Viloyati (Guliston), Surxondaryo Viloyati (Termiz), Toshkent Shahri**, Toshkent Viloyati, Xorazm Viloyati (Urganch)
note: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses) |
none (territorial overseas collectivity of France) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 32.9% (male 4,572,721/female 4,403,405)
15-64 years: 62.3% (male 8,420,174/female 8,594,478) 65 years and over: 4.8% (male 539,336/female 777,020) (2006 est.) |
0-14 years: 45.8% (male 48,016/female 47,533)
15-64 years: 52.5% (male 59,111/female 50,437) 65 years and over: 1.8% (male 1,864/female 1,822) (2007 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | cotton, vegetables, fruits, grain; livestock | vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra |
| Airports | 61 (2006) | 1 (2007) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 34
over 3,047 m: 6 2,438 to 3,047 m: 13 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 5 (2006) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 27
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 under 914 m: 25 (2006) |
- |
| Area | total: 447,400 sq km
land: 425,400 sq km water: 22,000 sq km |
total: 374 sq km
land: 374 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly larger than California | slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Russia conquered Uzbekistan in the late 19th century. Stiff resistance to the Red Army after World War I was eventually suppressed and a socialist republic set up in 1924. During the Soviet era, intensive production of "white gold" (cotton) and grain led to overuse of agrochemicals and the depletion of water supplies, which have left the land poisoned and the Aral Sea and certain rivers half dry. Independent since 1991, the country seeks to gradually lessen its dependence on agriculture while developing its mineral and petroleum reserves. Current concerns include terrorism by Islamic militants, economic stagnation, and the curtailment of human rights and democratization. | Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence. |
| Birth rate | 26.36 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) | 40.35 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $2.815 billion
expenditures: $2.917 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2005 est.) |
revenues: $420 million
expenditures: $394 million (2005) |
| Capital | name: Tashkent (Toshkent)
geographic coordinates: 41 20 N, 69 18 E time difference: UTC+5 (10 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
name: Mamoudzou
geographic coordinates: 12 46 S, 45 13 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
| Climate | mostly midlatitude desert, long, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid grassland in east | tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November) |
| Coastline | 0 km (doubly landlocked); note - Uzbekistan includes the southern portion of the Aral Sea with a 420 km shoreline | 185.2 km |
| Constitution | new constitution adopted 8 December 1992 | 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form: Republic of Uzbekistan
conventional short form: Uzbekistan local long form: Ozbekiston Respublikasi local short form: Ozbekiston former: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic |
conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte
conventional short form: Mayotte |
| Death rate | 7.84 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) | 7.53 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Debt - external | $5.032 billion (2005 est.) | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | departmental collectivity of France |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Jon PURNELL
embassy: 3 Moyqo'rq'on, 5th Block, Yunusobod District, Tashkent 100093 mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [998] (71) 120-5450 FAX: [998] (71) 120-6335 |
none (territorial overseas collectivity of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Abdulaziz KAMILOV
chancery: 1746 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 887-5300 FAX: [1] (202) 293-6804 consulate(s) general: New York |
none (territorial overseas collectivity of France) |
| Disputes - international | prolonged drought and cotton monoculture in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan creates water-sharing difficulties for Amu Darya river states; delimitation with Kazakhstan complete with demarcation underway; border delimitation of 130 km of border with Kyrgyzstan is hampered by serious disputes around enclaves and other areas | claimed by Comoros |
| Economic aid - recipient | $91.6 million from the US (2005) | $201.3 million; note - extensive French financial assistance (2005) |
| Economy - overview | Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country of which 11% consists of intensely cultivated, irrigated river valleys. More than 60% of its population lives in densely populated rural communities. Uzbekistan is now the world's second-largest cotton exporter and fifth largest producer; it relies heavily on cotton production as the major source of export earnings. Other major export earners include gold, natural gas, and oil. Following independence in September 1991, the government sought to prop up its Soviet-style command economy with subsidies and tight controls on production and prices. While aware of the need to improve the investment climate, the government still sponsors measures that often increase, not decrease, its control over business decisions. A sharp increase in the inequality of income distribution has hurt the lower ranks of society since independence. In 2003, the government accepted the obligations of Article VIII under the International Monetary Fund (IMF), providing for full currency convertibility. However, strict currency controls and tightening of borders have lessened the effects of convertibility and have also led to some shortages that have further stifled economic activity. The Central Bank often delays or restricts convertibility, especially for consumer goods. Potential investment by Russia and China in Uzbekistan's gas and oil industry would increase economic growth prospects. In November 2005, Russian President Vladimir PUTIN and Uzbekistan President KARIMOV signed an "alliance" treaty, which included provisions for economic and business cooperation. Russian businesses have shown increased interest in Uzbekistan, especially in mining, telecom, and oil and gas. In December 2005, the Russians opened a "Trade House" to support and develop Russian-Uzbek business and economic ties. | Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism. |
| Electricity - consumption | 48.45 billion kWh (2003) | 139.2 million kWh (2005) |
| Electricity - exports | 5.36 billion kWh (2003) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 10.55 billion kWh (2003) | - |
| Electricity - production | 46.52 billion kWh (2003) | NA kWh |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Sariqarnish Kuli -12 m
highest point: Adelunga Toghi 4,301 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Benara 660 m |
| Environment - current issues | shrinkage of the Aral Sea is resulting in growing concentrations of chemical pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then blown from the increasingly exposed lake bed and contribute to desertification; water pollution from industrial wastes and the heavy use of fertilizers and pesticides is the cause of many human health disorders; increasing soil salination; soil contamination from buried nuclear processing and agricultural chemicals, including DDT | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 est.) | NA |
| Exchange rates | Uzbekistani soum per US dollar - 1,020 (2005), 971.265 (2004), 771.029 (2002), 423.832 (2002), 236.61 (2001) | euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Islom KARIMOV (since 24 March 1990, when he was elected president by the then Supreme Soviet)
head of government: Prime Minister Shavkat MIRZIYAYEV (since 11 December 2003) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president with approval of the Supreme Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (eligible for a second term; previously was a five-year term, extended by constitutional amendment in 2002); election last held 9 January 2000 (next to be held in 2007); prime minister, ministers, and deputy ministers appointed by the president election results: Islom KARIMOV reelected president; percent of vote - Islom KARIMOV 91.9%, Abdulkhafiz JALALOV 4.2% |
chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Prefect Jean-Paul KIHL (since 17 January 2005)
head of government: President of the General Council Said Omar OILI (since 8 April 2004) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term; next election to be held in 2010 |
| Exports | NA bbl/day | $6.5 million f.o.b. (2005) |
| Exports - commodities | cotton 41.5%, gold 9.6%, energy products 9.6%, mineral fertilizers, ferrous metals, textiles, food products, automobiles (1998) | ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon |
| Exports - partners | Russia 24.6%, China 12.3%, Turkey 7.1%, Ukraine 5.6%, Bangladesh 4.9%, Poland 4.3%, Tajikistan 4.2% (2005) | France 43%, Comoros 36%, Reunion 15% (2006) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | calendar year |
| Flag description | three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and green separated by red fimbriations with a white crescent moon and 12 white stars in the upper hoist-side quadrant | unofficial, local flag with the coat of arms of Mayotte centered on a white field, above which the name of the island appears in red capital letters; the main elements of the coat of arms, flanked on either side by a seahorse, appear above a scroll with the motto RA HACHIRI (We are Vigilant); the only official flag is the national flag of France |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 34.2%
industry: 22.9% services: 43% (2003 est.) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - real growth rate | 7% (2005 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 41 00 N, 64 00 E | 12 50 S, 45 10 E |
| Geography - note | along with Liechtenstein, one of the only two doubly landlocked countries in the world | part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: 3.6%
highest 10%: 22% (2000) |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; limited illicit cultivation of cannabis and small amounts of opium poppy for domestic consumption; poppy cultivation almost wiped out by government crop eradication program; transit point for heroin precursor chemicals bound for Afghanistan | - |
| Imports | NA bbl/day | $341 million f.o.b.; note - excludes petroleum imports (2005) |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and equipment 49.8%, foodstuffs 16.4%, chemicals, metals (1998) | food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals |
| Imports - partners | Russia 26.7%, South Korea 15.3%, Germany 8.9%, China 7.2%, Kazakhstan 6.4%, Turkey 4.7%, Ukraine 4.7% (2005) | France 49%, Seychelles 8.8%, China 4.1%, South Africa 2.8% (2006) |
| Independence | 1 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) | none (territorial overseas collectivity of France) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 7.7% (2005 est.) | NA% |
| Industries | textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, gold petroleum, natural gas, chemicals | newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 69.99 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 74.14 deaths/1,000 live births female: 65.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.) |
total: 59.51 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 65.33 deaths/1,000 live births female: 53.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 6.9% (2005 est.) | 1.7% (2005) |
| International organization participation | AsDB, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer) | InOC, UPU |
| Irrigated land | 42,810 sq km (2003) | NA |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court (judges are nominated by the president and confirmed by the Supreme Assembly) | Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel |
| Labor force | 14.26 million (2005 est.) | 44,560 (2002) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 44%
industry: 20% services: 36% (1995) |
- |
| Land boundaries | total: 6,221 km
border countries: Afghanistan 137 km, Kazakhstan 2,203 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,099 km, Tajikistan 1,161 km, Turkmenistan 1,621 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 10.51%
permanent crops: 0.76% other: 88.73% (2005) |
arable land: NA%
permanent crops: NA% other: NA% |
| Languages | Uzbek 74.3%, Russian 14.2%, Tajik 4.4%, other 7.1% | Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population |
| Legal system | evolution of Soviet civil law; still lacks independent judicial system | the laws of France, where applicable, apply |
| Legislative branch | bicameral Supreme Assembly or Oliy Majlis consists of an Upper House or Senate (100 seats; 84 members are elected by regional governing councils to serve five-year terms and 16 are appointed by the president) and a Lower House or Legislative Chamber (120 seats; elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 26 December 2004 and 9 January 2005 (next to be held December 2009) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Legislative Chamber - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - LDPU 41, NDP 32, Fidokorlar 17, MTP 11, Adolat 9, unaffiliated 10 note: all parties in the Supreme Assembly support President KARIMOV |
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 21 and 28 March 2004 (next to be held in 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - MDM 23.3%, UMP 22.8%, PS 10.2%, MRC 8.9%, FRAP 6.5%, MPM 1.2%, other 27.1%; seats by party - MDM 6, UMP 9, MRC 2, MPM 1, diverse left 1 note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held in September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held in 2007); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.1%, UDF 44.9%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 64.58 years
male: 61.19 years female: 68.14 years (2006 est.) |
total population: 62.16 years
male: 59.94 years female: 64.45 years (2007 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99.3% male: 99.6% female: 99% (2003 est.) |
definition: NA
total population: NA male: NA female: NA |
| Location | Central Asia, north of Afghanistan | Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique |
| Map references | Asia | Africa |
| Maritime claims | none (doubly landlocked) | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of France; a small contingent of French forces is stationed on the island |
| Military branches | Army, Air and Air Defense Forces, National Guard | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $200 million (FY97) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 2% (FY97) | - |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 1 September (1991) | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun: Uzbekistani
adjective: Uzbekistani |
noun: Mahorais (singular and plural)
adjective: Mahoran |
| Natural hazards | NA | cyclones during rainy season |
| Natural resources | natural gas, petroleum, coal, gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead and zinc, tungsten, molybdenum | NEGL |
| Net migration rate | -1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) | 3.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) |
| Pipelines | gas 9,594 km; oil 868 km (2006) | - |
| Political parties and leaders | Adolat (Justice) Social Democratic Party [Dilorom TOSHMUHAMMADOVA, chairman]; Democratic National Rebirth Party (Milly Tiklanish) or MTP [Xurshid DOSTMUHAMMADOV, chief]; Liberal Democratic Party of Uzbekistan or LDPU [Adham SHODMONOV, chairman]; People's Democratic Party or NDP (formerly Communist Party) [Asliddin RUSTAMOV, first secretary]; Self-Sacrificers Party or Fidokorlar National Democratic Party [Ahtam TURSUNOV, chief]; note - Fatherland Progress Party merged with Self-Sacrificers Party | Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; Federation of Mahorans or UMP-RPR [Mansour KAMARDINE]; Force of the Rally and the Alliance for Democracy or FRAP; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Mouhoutar SALIM]; Renewed Communist Party of Mayotte or MRC [Omar SIMBA]; Socialist Party or PS [Ibrahim ABUBACAR] (local branch of French Parti Socialiste); Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Agrarian and Entrepreneurs' Party [Marat ZAHIDOV]; Birlik (Unity) Movement [Abdurakhim POLAT, chairman]; Erk (Freedom) Democratic Party [Muhammad SOLIH, chairman] was banned 9 December 1992; Ezgulik Human Rights Society [Vasilia INOYATOVA]; Free Farmers' Party or Ozod Dehqonlar [Nigara KHIDOYATOVA]; Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan [Tolib YAKUBOV, chairman]; Independent Human Rights Society of Uzbekistan [Mikhail ARDZINOV, chairman]; Mazlum; Sunshine Coalition [Sanjar UMAROV, chairman] | NA |
| Population | 27,307,134 (July 2006 est.) | 208,783 (July 2007 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 28% (2004 est.) | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.7% (2006 est.) | 3.617% (2007 est.) |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 20, FM 7, shortwave 10 (1998) | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001) |
| Railways | total: 3,950 km
broad gauge: 3,950 km 1.520-m gauge (620 km electrified) (2005) |
- |
| Religions | Muslim 88% (mostly Sunnis), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3% | Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic) 3% |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2006 est.) |
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.172 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.023 male(s)/female total population: 1.092 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: antiquated and inadequate; in serious need of modernization
domestic: the domestic telephone system is being expanded and technologically improved, particularly in Tashkent (Toshkent) and Samarqand, under contracts with prominent companies in industrialized countries; moreover, by 1998, six cellular networks had been placed in operation - four of the GSM type (Global System for Mobile Communication), one D-AMPS type (Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System), and one AMPS type (Advanced Mobile Phone System) international: country code - 998; linked by landline or microwave radio relay with CIS member states and to other countries by leased connection via the Moscow international gateway switch; after the completion of the Uzbek link to the Trans-Asia-Europe (TAE) fiber-optic cable, Uzbekistan will be independent of Russian facilities for international communications; Inmarsat also provides an international connection, albeit an expensive one; satellite earth stations - NA (1998) |
general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications
domestic: NA international: country code - 269; microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 1,717,100 (2003) | 10,000 (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 720,000 (2005) | 48,100 (2005) |
| Television broadcast stations | 4 (plus two repeaters that relay Russian programs), 1 cable rebroadcaster in Tashkent; approximately 20 stations in regional capitals (2003) | 3 (2001) |
| Terrain | mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes; broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along course of Amu Darya, Syr Darya (Sirdaryo), and Zarafshon; Fergana Valley in east surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west | generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks |
| Total fertility rate | 2.91 children born/woman (2006 est.) | 5.69 children born/woman (2007 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 0.7% officially, plus another 20% underemployed (2005 est.) | 25.4% (2005) |
| Waterways | 1,100 km (2006) | - |
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