Compare Uzbekistan (2005) - Uzbekistan (2004)

Compare Uzbekistan (2005) z Uzbekistan (2004)

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	Uzbekistan (2005)	Uzbekistan (2004)

Age structure	0-14 years: 33.5% (male 4,575,443/female 4,408,146) 15-64 years: 61.7% (male 8,201,993/female 8,371,933) 65 years and over: 4.8% (male 528,334/female 765,346) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 34.1% (male 4,583,228; female 4,418,003) 15-64 years: 61.1% (male 7,990,233; female 8,157,136) 65 years and over: 4.8% (male 513,434; female 748,382) (2004 est.)
Airports	226 (2004 est.)	247 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 33 over 3,047 m: 5 2,438 to 3,047 m: 14 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 4 (2004 est.)	total: 33 over 3,047 m: 5 2,438 to 3,047 m: 14 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 4 (2003 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 193 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 187 (2004 est.)	total: 214 2,438 to 3,047 m: 3 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 9 under 914 m: 200 (2003 est.)
Birth rate	26.22 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	26.12 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $2.457 billion expenditures: $2.482 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)	revenues: $2.176 billion expenditures: $2.207 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
Currency	-	Uzbekistani sum (UZS)
Death rate	7.95 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	7.95 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	$4.351 billion (2004 est.)	$4.384 billion (2003 est.)
Disputes - international	cotton monoculture in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan creates water-sharing difficulties for Amu Darya river states; delimitation with Kazakhstan complete with demarcation underway; delimitation is underway with Kyrgyzstan but serious disputes around enclaves and elsewhere continue to mar progress for some 130 km of border; talks continue with Tajikistan to delimit border and remove minefields	prolonged drought and cotton monoculture creates water-sharing difficulties for Amu Darya river states; delimitation with Kazakhstan complete with demarcation underway; delimitation is underway with Kyrgyzstan but serious disputes around enclaves and elsewhere continue to mar progress for some 130 km of border; talks continue with Tajikistan to determine and delimit border
Economy - overview	Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country of which 11% consists of intensely cultivated, irrigated river valleys. More than 60% of its population lives in densely populated rural communities. Uzbekistan is now the world's second-largest cotton exporter, a large producer of gold and oil, and a regionally significant producer of chemicals and machinery. Following independence in December 1991, the government sought to prop up its Soviet-style command economy with subsidies and tight controls on production and prices. Uzbekistan responded to the negative external conditions generated by the Asian and Russian financial crises by emphasizing import substitute industrialization and by tightening export and currency controls within its already largely closed economy. The government, while aware of the need to improve the investment climate, sponsors measures that often increase, not decrease, the government's control over business decisions. A sharp increase in the inequality of income distribution has hurt the lower ranks of society since independence. In 2003, the government accepted the obligations of Article VIII under the International Monetary Fund (IMF), providing for full currency convertibility. However, strict currency controls and tightening of borders have lessened the effects of convertibility and have also led to some shortages that have further stifled economic activity.	Uzbekistan is a dry, landlocked country of which 11% consists of intensely cultivated, irrigated river valleys. More than 60% of its population lives in densely populated rural communities. Uzbekistan is now the world's second-largest cotton exporter, a large producer of gold and oil, and a regionally significant producer of chemicals and machinery. Following independence in December 1991, the government sought to prop up its Soviet-style command economy with subsidies and tight controls on production and prices. Uzbekistan responded to the negative external conditions generated by the Asian and Russian financial crises by emphasizing import substitute industrialization and by tightening export and currency controls within its already largely closed economy. The government, while aware of the need to improve the investment climate, sponsors measures that often increase, not decrease, the government's control over business decisions. A sharp increase in the inequality of income distribution has hurt the lower ranks of society since independence. In 2003, the government accepted the obligations of Article VIII under the International Monetary Fund (IMF), providing for full currency convertibility. However, strict currency controls and tightening of borders have lessened the effects of convertibility and have also lead to some shortages which have further stifled economic activity.
Electricity - consumption	46.66 billion kWh (2002)	47.07 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	4.5 billion kWh (2002)	3.998 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	6.8 billion kWh (2002)	9.7 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	47.7 billion kWh (2002)	44.49 billion kWh (2001)
Exchange rates	Uzbekistani sums per US dollar - 1,020 (2004), 971.265 (2003), 771.03 (2001), 423.832 (2001), 236.61 (2000)	Uzbekistani sums per US dollar - 115.9 (2003), 125.3 (2002), NA (2001), 236.608 (2000), 124.625 (1999)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Islom KARIMOV (since 24 March 1990, when he was elected president by the then Supreme Soviet) head of government: Prime Minister Shavkat MIRZIYAYEV (since 11 December 2003) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president with approval of the Supreme Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (previously was a five-year term, extended by constitutional amendment in 2002); election last held 9 January 2000 (next to be held December 2007); prime minister and deputy ministers appointed by the president election results: Islom KARIMOV reelected president; percent of vote - Islom KARIMOV 91.9%, Abdulkhafiz JALALOV 4.2%	chief of state: President Islom KARIMOV (since 24 March 1990, when he was elected president by the then Supreme Soviet) head of government: Prime Minister Shavkat MIRZIYAYEV (since 11 December 2003) cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president with approval of the Supreme Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term (previously was a five-year term, extended by constitutional amendment in 2002); election last held 9 January 2000 (next to be held NA December 2007); prime minister and deputy ministers appointed by the president election results: Islom KARIMOV reelected president; percent of vote - Islom KARIMOV 91.9%, Abdulkhafiz JALALOV 4.2%
Exports	NA	NA (2001)
Exports - partners	Russia 22%, China 14.7%, Turkey 6.4%, Tajikistan 6.1%, Kazakhstan 4.2%, Bangladesh 4% (2004)	Russia 22.4%, China 9.3%, Ukraine 7.5%, Tajikistan 6.2%, Bangladesh 4.7%, Turkey 4.6%, Japan 4.3%, Kazakhstan 4.2%, US 4.1% (2003)
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $43.99 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $1,800 (2004 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1,700 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	4.4% (2004 est.)	3.1% (2003 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 3.6% highest 10%: 22% (2000)	lowest 10%: 1.2% highest 10%: 32.8% (1998)
Imports	NA	NA (2001)
Imports - partners	Russia 26.8%, South Korea 12.6%, US 8%, Germany 7.7%, Kazakhstan 6.3%, China 5.8%, Turkey 5.1%, Ukraine 4.5% (2004)	Russia 22.3%, US 11.4%, South Korea 11%, Germany 9.5%, China 6.5%, Kazakhstan 6.1%, Turkey 6.1% (2003)
Industries	textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, gold petroleum, natural gas, chemicals	textiles, food processing, machine building, metallurgy, natural gas, chemicals
Infant mortality rate	total: 71.1 deaths/1,000 live births male: 74.78 deaths/1,000 live births female: 67.22 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	total: 71.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 75.03 deaths/1,000 live births female: 67.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3% (2004 est.)	13.1% (2003 est.)
International organization participation	AsDB, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GUUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO (observer)	AsDB, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, FAO, GUUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Labor force	14.64 million (2004 est.)	14.2 million (2003 est.)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 64.19 years male: 60.82 years female: 67.73 years (2005 est.)	total population: 64.09 years male: 60.67 years female: 67.69 years (2004 est.)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 7,126,325 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 5,783,740 (2004 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	-	males: 321,886 (2004 est.)
Net migration rate	-1.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-1.72 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Population	26,851,195 (July 2005 est.)	26,410,416 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	28% (2004 est.)	NA (2004 est.)
Population growth rate	1.67% (2005 est.)	1.65% (2004 est.)
Railways	total: 3,950 km broad gauge: 3,950 km 1.520-m gauge (620 km electrified) (2004)	total: 3,950 km broad gauge: 3,950 km 1.520-m gauge (620 km electrified) (2003)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Total fertility rate	2.94 children born/woman (2005 est.)	2.97 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	0.6% officially, plus another 20% underemployed (2004 est.)	0.5% plus another 20% underemployed (2003)

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