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Compare Tuvalu (2004) - Mayotte (2004)
Compare Tuvalu (2004) z Mayotte (2004)
| Tuvalu (2004) | Mayotte (2004) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none | none (territorial collectivity of France) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 31.3% (male 1,828; female 1,761)
15-64 years: 63.7% (male 3,530; female 3,770) 65 years and over: 5% (male 227; female 352) (2004 est.) |
0-14 years: 46.4% (male 43,301; female 42,934)
15-64 years: 51.9% (male 52,534; female 44,100) 65 years and over: 1.7% (male 1,579; female 1,578) (2004 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts; fish | vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra |
| Airports | 1 (2003 est.) | 1 (2003 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
- |
| Area | total: 26 sq km
land: 26 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 374 sq km
land: 374 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | In 1974, ethnic differences within the British colony of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands caused the Polynesians of the Ellice Islands to vote for separation from the Micronesians of the Gilbert Islands. The following year, the Ellice Islands became the separate British colony of Tuvalu. Independence was granted in 1978. In 2000, Tuvalu negotiated a contract leasing its Internet domain name ".tv" for $50 million in royalties over the next dozen years. | Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence. |
| Birth rate | 21.63 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 42.19 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $22.5 million
expenditures: $11.2 million, including capital expenditures of $4.2 million (2000 est.) |
revenues: NA
expenditures: $73 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1991 est.) |
| Capital | Funafuti; note - administrative offices are located in Vaiaku Village on Fongafale Islet | Mamoutzou |
| Climate | tropical; moderated by easterly trade winds (March to November); westerly gales and heavy rain (November to March) | tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November) |
| Coastline | 24 km | 185.2 km |
| Constitution | 1 October 1978 | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tuvalu former: Ellice Islands note: "Tuvalu" means "group of eight," referring to the country's eight traditionally inhabited islands |
conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte
conventional short form: Mayotte |
| Currency | Australian dollar (AUD); note - there is also a Tuvaluan dollar | euro (EUR) |
| Death rate | 7.24 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 8.11 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Debt - external | NA | NA |
| Dependency status | - | territorial collectivity of France |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US does not have an embassy in Tuvalu; the US ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Tuvalu | none (territorial collectivity of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | Tuvalu does not have an embassy in the US - the country's only diplomatic post is in Fiji - Tuvalu does, however, have a UN office located at 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400D, New York, New York 10017, telephone: [1] (212) 490-0534 | none (territorial collectivity of France) |
| Disputes - international | none | claimed by Comoros |
| Economic aid - recipient | $13 million ; note - major donors are Australia, Japan, and the US (1999 est.) | $107.7 million; note - extensive French financial assistance (1995) |
| Economy - overview | Tuvalu consists of a densely populated, scattered group of nine coral atolls with poor soil. The country has no known mineral resources and few exports. Subsistence farming and fishing are the primary economic activities. Fewer than 1,000 tourists, on average, visit Tuvalu annually. Government revenues largely come from the sale of stamps and coins and worker remittances. About 1,000 Tuvaluans work in Nauru in the phosphate mining industry. Nauru has begun repatriating Tuvaluans, however, as phosphate resources decline. Substantial income is received annually from an international trust fund established in 1987 by Australia, NZ, and the UK and supported also by Japan and South Korea. Thanks to wise investments and conservative withdrawals, this Fund has grown from an initial $17 million to over $35 million in 1999. The US government is also a major revenue source for Tuvalu, because of payments from a 1988 treaty on fisheries. In an effort to reduce its dependence on foreign aid, the government is pursuing public sector reforms, including privatization of some government functions and personnel cuts of up to 7%. In 1998, Tuvalu began deriving revenue from use of its area code for "900" lines and in 2000, from the lease of its ".tv" Internet domain name. Royalties from these new technology sources could increase substantially over the next decade. With merchandise exports only a fraction of merchandise imports, continued reliance must be placed on fishing and telecommunications license fees, remittances from overseas workers, official transfers, and investment income from overseas assets. | Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production | - | NA kWh |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Benara 660 m |
| Environment - current issues | since there are no streams or rivers and groundwater is not potable, most water needs must be met by catchment systems with storage facilities (the Japanese Government has built one desalination plant and plans to build one other); beachhead erosion because of the use of sand for building materials; excessive clearance of forest undergrowth for use as fuel; damage to coral reefs from the spread of the Crown of Thorns starfish; Tuvalu is very concerned about global increases in greenhouse gas emissions and their effect on rising sea levels, which threaten the country's underground water table; in 2000, the government appealed to Australia and New Zealand to take in Tuvaluans if rising sea levels should make evacuation necessary | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Polynesian 96%, Micronesian 4% | NA |
| Exchange rates | Tuvaluan dollars or Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.5419, (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999) | euros per US dollar - 0.8860 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Faimalaga LUKA (since 9 September 2003)
head of government: Prime Minister Maatia TOAFA (since 11 October 2004) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; prime minister and deputy prime minister elected by and from the members of Parliament; election last held 11 October 2004 (next to be held following parliamentary elections in 2006) election results: Saufatu SOPOANGA resigned parliamentary seat on 27 August 2004 following no-confidence vote on 25 August 2004; succeeded by Deputy Prime Minister Maatia TOAFA in an acting capacity on 27 August 2004; Maatia TOAFA confirmed Prime Minister in a Parliamentary election (8-7 vote) on 11 Ocotober 2004 |
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Jean-Paul KIHL (since 17 January 2005)
head of government: President of the General Council Younoussa BAMANA (since NA 1977) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term |
| Exports | $1 million f.o.b. (2002) | $3.44 million f.o.b. (1997) |
| Exports - commodities | copra, fish | ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon |
| Exports - partners | UK 37.5%, Poland 19.1%, Philippines 9.2%, Australia 9.1%, Fiji 6.2% (2003) | France 80%, Comoros 15%, Reunion (2000) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | calendar year |
| Flag description | light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the outer half of the flag represents a map of the country with nine yellow five-pointed stars symbolizing the nine islands | the flag of France is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $12.2 million NA (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $466.8 million (2003 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA (2001 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,100 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $2,600 (1998 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 3% (2000 est.) | NA |
| Geographic coordinates | 8 00 S, 178 00 E | 12 50 S, 45 10 E |
| Geography - note | one of the smallest and most remote countries on Earth; six of the coral atolls - Nanumea, Nui, Vaitupu, Nukufetau, Funafuti, and Nukulaelae - have lagoons open to the ocean; Nanumaya and Niutao have landlocked lagoons; Niulakita does not have a lagoon | part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands |
| Highways | total: 8 km
paved: 0 km unpaved: 8 km (1999 est.) |
total: 93 km
paved: 72 km unpaved: 21 km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | $79 million c.i.f. (2002) | $141.3 million f.o.b. (1997) |
| Imports - commodities | food, animals, mineral fuels, machinery, manufactured goods | food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals |
| Imports - partners | Fiji 47.3%, Australia 13.9%, Poland 10.8%, Germany 10.2%, Japan 8%, New Zealand 6.2% (2003) | France 66%, Africa 14%, Southeast Asia 11% (2000 est.) |
| Independence | 1 October 1978 (from UK) | none (territorial collectivity of France) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA | NA |
| Industries | fishing, tourism, copra | newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 20.69 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 23.63 deaths/1,000 live births female: 17.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
total: 64.19 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 70.42 deaths/1,000 live births female: 57.78 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 5% (2000 est.) | NA |
| International organization participation | ACP, AsDB, C, FAO, IFRCS (observer), IMO, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO | UPU |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | High Court (a chief justice visits twice a year to preside over its sessions; its rulings can be appealed to the Court of Appeal in Fiji); eight Island Courts (with limited jurisdiction) | Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel |
| Labor force | 7,000 (2001 est.) | 48,800 (2000) |
| Labor force - by occupation | people make a living mainly through exploitation of the sea, reefs, and atolls and from wages sent home by those abroad (mostly workers in the phosphate industry and sailors) | - |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001) |
arable land: NA
permanent crops: NA other: NA (2001) |
| Languages | Tuvaluan, English, Samoan, Kiribati (on the island of Nui) | Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population |
| Legal system | NA | French law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Parliament or Fale I Fono, also called House of Assembly (15 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 25 July 2002 (next to be held NA 2006) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 15 |
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)
elections: last held 7 October 2000 (next to be held NA 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held as a special election on NA June 2005); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.08%, UDF 44.92%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 67.66 years
male: 65.47 years female: 69.96 years (2004 est.) |
total population: 60.99 years
male: 58.85 years female: 63.2 years (2004 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: NA male: NA female: NA |
definition: NA
total population: NA male: NA female: NA |
| Location | Oceania, island group consisting of nine coral atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia | Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique |
| Map references | Oceania | Africa |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 54,993 GRT/86,048 DWT
by type: cargo 3, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 1, specialized tanker 1 foreign-owned: Germany 4, Singapore 1, Thailand 1 (2004 est.) |
none |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of France; small contingent of French forces stationed on the island |
| Military branches | no regular military forces; Police Force (includes Maritime Surveillance Unit for search and rescue missions and surveillance operations) | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | NA | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA | - |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 1 October (1978) | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun: Tuvaluan(s)
adjective: Tuvaluan |
noun: Mahorais (singular and plural)
adjective: Mahoran |
| Natural hazards | severe tropical storms are usually rare, but, in 1997, there were three cyclones; low level of islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level | cyclones during rainy season |
| Natural resources | fish | NEGL |
| Net migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 6.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | there are no political parties but members of Parliament usually align themselves in informal groupings | Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; Federation of Mahorans or RPR [Mansour KAMARDINE]; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Mouhoutar SALIM]; Socialist Party or PS (local branch of French Parti Socialiste) [Ibrahim ABUBACAR]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 11,468 (July 2004 est.) | 186,026 (July 2004 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | NA |
| Population growth rate | 1.44% (2004 est.) | 4.09% (2004 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Funafuti, Nukufetau | Dzaoudzi |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1999) | AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001) |
| Religions | Church of Tuvalu (Congregationalist) 97%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.4%, Baha'i 1%, other 0.6% | Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.65 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.19 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2004 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: serves particular needs for internal communications
domestic: radiotelephone communications between islands international: country code - 688 |
general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications
domestic: NA international: country code - 269; microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros (2001) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 700 (2002) | 10,000 (2001) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (1994) | 21,700 (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 0 (1997) | 3 (2001) |
| Terrain | very low-lying and narrow coral atolls | generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks |
| Total fertility rate | 3.02 children born/woman (2004 est.) | 5.98 children born/woman (2004 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | NA | 38% (1999) |
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