Compare Tonga (2006) - Guam (2006)

Compare Tonga (2006) z Guam (2006)

	Tonga (2006)	Guam (2006)

Administrative divisions	3 island groups; Ha'apai, Tongatapu, Vava'u	none (territory of the US)
Age structure	0-14 years: 35.3% (male 20,679/female 19,843) 15-64 years: 60.5% (male 34,399/female 34,964) 65 years and over: 4.2% (male 2,059/female 2,745) (2006 est.)	0-14 years: 29% (male 25,703/female 23,903) 15-64 years: 64.3% (male 56,020/female 53,894) 65 years and over: 6.7% (male 5,391/female 6,108) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	squash, coconuts, copra, bananas, vanilla beans, cocoa, coffee, ginger, black pepper; fish	fruits, copra, vegetables; eggs, pork, poultry, beef
Airports	6 (2006)	5 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2006)	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 1 (2006)	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area	total: 748 sq km land: 718 sq km water: 30 sq km	total: 541.3 sq km land: 541.3 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	four times the size of Washington, DC	three times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Tonga - unique among Pacific nations - never completely lost its indigenous governance. The archipelagos of "The Friendly Islands" were united into a Polynesian kingdom in 1845. Tonga became a constitutional monarchy in 1875 and a British protectorate in 1900; it withdrew from the protectorate and joined the Commonwealth of Nations in 1970. Tonga remains the only monarchy in the Pacific.	Guam was ceded to the US by Spain in 1898. Captured by the Japanese in 1941, it was retaken by the US three years later. The military installation on the island is one of the most strategically important US bases in the Pacific.
Birth rate	25.37 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	18.79 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	revenues: $56.97 million expenditures: $83.88 million; including capital expenditures of $1.9 million (FY99/00 est.)	revenues: $319.6 million expenditures: $427.8 million (2002 est.)
Capital	name: Nuku'alofa geographic coordinates: 21 08 S, 175 12 W time difference: UTC+13 (18 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	name: Hagatna (Agana) geographic coordinates: 13 28 N, 144 45 E time difference: UTC+10 (15 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical; modified by trade winds; warm season (December to May), cool season (May to December)	tropical marine; generally warm and humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season (January to June), rainy season (July to December); little seasonal temperature variation
Coastline	419 km	125.5 km
Constitution	4 November 1875; revised 1 January 1967	Organic Act of Guam, 1 August 1950
Country name	conventional long form: Kingdom of Tonga conventional short form: Tonga local long form: Pule'anga Tonga local short form: Tonga former: Friendly Islands	conventional long form: Territory of Guam conventional short form: Guam local long form: Guahan local short form: Guahan
Death rate	5.28 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)	4.48 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	$80.7 million (2004)	$NA
Dependency status	-	organized, unincorporated territory of the US with policy relations between Guam and the US under the jurisdiction of the Office of Insular Affairs, US Department of the Interior
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Tonga; the ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Tonga	none (territory of the US)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Fekitamoeloa 'UTOIKAMANU chancery: 250 East 51st Street, New York, NY 10022 telephone: [1] (917) 369-1025 FAX: [1] (917) 369-1024 consulate(s) general: San Francisco	none (territory of the US)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$19.3 million Australia $5.5 million, New Zealand $2.3 million (FY01/02)	Guam receives large transfer payments from the US Federal Treasury ($143 million in 1997) into which Guamanians pay no income or excise taxes; under the provisions of a special law of Congress, the Guam Treasury, rather than the US Treasury, receives federal income taxes paid by military and civilian Federal employees stationed in Guam (2001 est.)
Economy - overview	Tonga, a small, open, South Pacific island economy, has a narrow export base in agricultural goods. Squash, coconuts, bananas, and vanilla beans are the main crops, and agricultural exports make up two-thirds of total exports. The country must import a high proportion of its food, mainly from New Zealand. The country remains dependent on external aid and remittances from Tongan communities overseas to offset its trade deficit. Tourism is the second-largest source of hard currency earnings following remittances. The government is emphasizing the development of the private sector, especially the encouragement of investment, and is committing increased funds for health and education. Tonga has a reasonably sound basic infrastructure and well-developed social services. High unemployment among the young, a continuing upturn in inflation, pressures for democratic reform, and rising civil service expenditures are major issues facing the government.	The economy depends largely on US military spending and tourism. Total US grants, wage payments, and procurement outlays amounted to $1.3 billion in 2004. Over the past 30 years, the tourist industry has grown to become the largest income source following national defense. The Guam economy continues to experience expansion in both its tourism and military sectors.
Electricity - consumption	31.62 million kWh (2003)	781.3 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2003)	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2003)	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production	34 million kWh (2003)	840.1 million kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Kao Island 1,033 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Lamlam 406 m
Environment - current issues	deforestation results as more and more land is being cleared for agriculture and settlement; some damage to coral reefs from starfish and indiscriminate coral and shell collectors; overhunting threatens native sea turtle populations	extirpation of native bird population by the rapid proliferation of the brown tree snake, an exotic, invasive species
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Polynesian, Europeans	Chamorro 37.1%, Filipino 26.3%, other Pacific islander 11.3%, white 6.9%, other Asian 6.3%, other ethnic origin or race 2.3%, mixed 9.8% (2000 census)
Exchange rates	pa'anga per US dollar - 1.96 (2005), 1.9716 (2004), 2.142 (2003), 2.1952 (2002), 2.1236 (2001)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: King George TUPOU V (since 11 September 2006) head of government: Prime Minister Dr. Feleti SEVELE (since 11 February 2006); Deputy Prime Minister Dr. Viliami TANGI (since 16 May 2006) cabinet: Cabinet currently consists of 14 members, 10 appointed by the monarch for life; 4 appointed from among the elected members of the Legislative Assembly, including 2 each from the nobles and peoples representatives serving three year terms note: there is also a Privy Council that consists of the monarch, the cabinet, and two governors elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the monarch	chief of state: President George W. BUSH of the US (since 20 January 2001); Vice President Richard B. CHENEY (since 20 January 2001) head of government: Governor Felix P. CAMACHO (since 6 January 2003) and Lieutenant Governor Kaleo MOYLAN (since 6 January 2003) cabinet: heads of executive departments; appointed by the governor with the consent of the Guam legislature elections: under the US Consitution, residents of unincorporated territories, such as Guam, do not vote in elections for US president and vice president; governor and lieutenant governor elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year term (can serve two consecutive terms, then must wait a full term before running again); election last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held November 2010) election results: Felix P. CAMACHO reelected governor; Dr. Michael W. CRUZ elected lieutenant governor; percent of vote - NA
Exports	NA bbl/day	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	squash, fish, vanilla beans, root crops	mostly transshipments of refined petroleum products; construction materials, fish, food and beverage products
Exports - partners	Japan 41.5%, US 33.1%, NZ 6.3% (2005)	Japan 67.2%, Singapore 11.6%, UK 4.8% (2005)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	red with a bold red cross on a white rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner	territorial flag is dark blue with a narrow red border on all four sides; centered is a red-bordered, pointed, vertical ellipse containing a beach scene, outrigger canoe with sail, and a palm tree with the word GUAM superimposed in bold red letters; US flag is the national flag
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 23% industry: 27% services: 50% (FY03/04 est.)	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - real growth rate	2.4% (2005 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	20 00 S, 175 00 W	13 28 N, 144 47 E
Geography - note	archipelago of 169 islands (36 inhabited)	largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago; strategic location in western North Pacific Ocean
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA bbl/day	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, machinery and transport equipment, fuels, chemicals	petroleum and petroleum products, food, manufactured goods
Imports - partners	NZ 33.4%, Fiji 26.7%, Australia 10.5%, US 8.4% (2005)	Singapore 50%, South Korea 21.4%, Japan 14%, Hong Kong 4.6% (2005)
Independence	4 June 1970 (from UK protectorate)	none (territory of the US)
Industrial production growth rate	1% (2003 est.)	NA%
Industries	tourism, fishing	US military, tourism, construction, transshipment services, concrete products, printing and publishing, food processing, textiles
Infant mortality rate	total: 12.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 13.63 deaths/1,000 live births female: 10.91 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)	total: 6.81 deaths/1,000 live births male: 7.48 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	11.1% (2005 est.)	2.5% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, C, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)	IOC, SPC, UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the monarch); Court of Appeal (Chief Justice and high court justices from overseas chosen and approved by Privy Council)	Federal District Court (judge is appointed by the president); Territorial Superior Court (judges appointed for eight-year terms by the governor)
Labor force	33,910 (2003)	62,050 (2002 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 65% industry and services: 35% (1997 est.)	agriculture: 26% industry: 10% services: 64% (2004 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 14.67% other: 65.33% (2005)	arable land: 3.64% permanent crops: 18.18% other: 78.18% (2005)
Languages	Tongan, English	English 38.3%, Chamorro 22.2%, Philippine languages 22.2%, other Pacific island languages 6.8%, Asian languages 7%, other languages 3.5% (2000 census)
Legal system	based on English law	modeled on US; US federal laws apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fale Alea (32 seats - 14 reserved for cabinet ministers sitting ex officio, 9 for nobles selected by the country's 33 nobles, and 9 elected by popular vote; members serve three-year terms) elections: last held 21 March 2005 (next to be held in 2008) election results: Peoples Representatives: percent of vote - HRDMT 70%; seats - HRDMT 7, independents 2	unicameral Legislature (15 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve two-year terms) elections: last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held November 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Republican Party 8, Democratic Party 7 note: Guam elects one nonvoting delegate to the US House of Representatives; election last held 7 November 2006 (next to be held November 2008); results - Madeleine BORDALLO (Democratic Party) was reelected as delegate; percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Democratic Party 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 69.82 years male: 67.32 years female: 72.45 years (2006 est.)	total population: 78.58 years male: 75.52 years female: 81.83 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	definition: can read and write Tongan and/or English total population: 98.9% male: 98.8% female: 99% (1999 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1990 est.)
Location	Oceania, archipelago in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand	Oceania, island in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines
Map references	Oceania	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 16 ships (1000 GRT or over) 62,185 GRT/72,960 DWT by type: bulk carrier 1, cargo 10, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 1 foreign-owned: 4 (Australia 1, Norway 1, Switzerland 1, UK 1) (2006)	-
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the US
Military branches	Tonga Defense Services: Land Force (Royal Guard), Naval Force (includes Royal Marines, Air Wing) (2006)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Emancipation Day, 4 June (1970)	Discovery Day, first Monday in March (1521)
Nationality	noun: Tongan(s) adjective: Tongan	noun: Guamanian(s) (US citizens) adjective: Guamanian
Natural hazards	cyclones (October to April); earthquakes and volcanic activity on Fonuafo'ou	frequent squalls during rainy season; relatively rare, but potentially very destructive typhoons (June - December)
Natural resources	fish, fertile soil	fishing (largely undeveloped), tourism (especially from Japan)
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Political parties and leaders	People's Democratic Party [Tesina FUKO]	Democratic Party [leader Michael PHILLIPS]; Republican Party (controls the legislature) [leader Philip J. FLORES]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Human Rights and Democracy Movement Tonga or HRDMT [Rev. Simote VEA, chairman]; Public Servant's Association [Finau TUTONE]	NA
Population	114,689 (July 2006 est.)	171,019 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	24% NA%	23% (2001 est.)
Population growth rate	2.01% (2006 est.)	1.43% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2004)	AM 3, FM 11, shortwave 2 (2006)
Religions	Christian (Free Wesleyan Church claims over 30,000 adherents)	Roman Catholic 85%, other 15% (1999 est.)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2006 est.)	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.88 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	21 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal; US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections
Telephone system	general assessment: competition between Tonga Telecommunications Corporation (TCC) and Shoreline Communications Tonga (SCT) is accelerating expansion of telecommunications; SCT recently granted authority to develop high-speed digital service for telephone, Internet, and television domestic: fully automatic switched network international: country code - 676; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2004)	general assessment: modern system, integrated with US facilities for direct dialing, including free use of 800 numbers domestic: modern digital system, including cellular mobile service and local access to the Internet international: country code - 1-671; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); submarine cables to US and Japan (Guam is a trans-Pacific communications hub for MCI, Sprint, AT&T, IT&E, and GTE, linking the US and Asia)
Telephones - main lines in use	11,200 (2002)	84,134 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	16,400 (2004)	98,000 (2004)
Television broadcast stations	3 (2004)	3; 6 (Low Power TV) (2006)
Terrain	most islands have limestone base formed from uplifted coral formation; others have limestone overlying volcanic base	volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water), with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low hills in center, mountains in south
Total fertility rate	3 children born/woman (2006 est.)	2.58 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	13% (FY03/04 est.)	11.4% (2002 est.)

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