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Compare Tokelau (2002) - Niue (2005)
Compare Tokelau (2002) z Niue (2005)
| Tokelau (2002) | Niue (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (territory of New Zealand) | none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 42%
15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (1996 est.) |
0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats | coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle |
| Airports | none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2001) | 1 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total: 10 sq km
land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 260 sq km
land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925. | Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,150 in 2005), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population | NA births/1,000 population |
| Budget | revenues: $430,830
expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 |
revenues: NA
expenditures: NA |
| Capital | none; each atoll has its own administrative center | Alofi |
| Climate | tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November) | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds |
| Coastline | 101 km | 64 km |
| Constitution | administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970 | 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act) |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tokelau |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island |
| Currency | New Zealand dollar (NZD) | - |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | $0 | $418,000 (2002 est.) |
| Dependency status | self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution, developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand | self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (territory of New Zealand) | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (territory of New Zealand) | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | from New Zealand about $4 million annually | $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002) |
| Economy - overview | Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand. | The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although former Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million. Niue suffered a devastating hurricane in January 2004, which decimated nascent economic programs. While in the process of rebuilding, Niue has been dependent on foreign aid. |
| Electricity - consumption | NA kWh | 2.79 million kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - production | NA kWh | 3 million kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
- |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m |
| Environment - current issues | very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand | increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | Polynesian | Niuen 78.2%, Pacific islander 10.2%, European 4.5%, mixed 3.9%, Asian 0.2%, unspecified 3% (2001 census) |
| Exchange rates | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997) | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001), 2.2012 (2000) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Lindsay WATT (since NA March 1993)
head of government: Aliki Faipule Pio TUIA (since NA 2002) cabinet: the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders - one from each atoll - functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)
head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 12 May 2005 (next to be held May 2008) election results: Young VIVIAN reelected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 85%, O'Love JACOBSEN (independent) 15% |
| Exports | $98,000 f.o.b. (1983) | NA |
| Exports - commodities | stamps, copra, handicrafts | canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | NZ | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | the flag of New Zealand is used | yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.) | - |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: 55% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.) | purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA% | -0.3% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 9 00 S, 172 00 W | 19 02 S, 169 52 W |
| Geography - note | consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level | one of world's largest coral islands |
| Highways | total: NA km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
total: 234 km
paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | $323,000 c.i.f. (1983) | NA |
| Imports - commodities | foodstuffs, building materials, fuel | food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs |
| Imports - partners | NZ | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000) |
| Independence | none (territory of New Zealand) | on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA |
| Industries | small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing | tourism, handicrafts, food processing |
| Infant mortality rate | 38 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | NA% | 1% (1995) |
| International organization participation | SPC, UNESCO (associate), WHO (associate) | ACP, FAO, PIF, Sparteca, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | - |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau | Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue |
| Labor force | NA | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile)
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
arable land: 15.38%
permanent crops: 11.54% other: 73.08% (2001) |
| Languages | Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English | Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English |
| Legal system | New Zealand and local statutes | English common law
note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws |
| Legislative branch | unicameral General Fono (48 seats; members chosen by each atoll's Council of Elders or Taupulega to serve three-year terms); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono | unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)
elections: last held 30 April 2005 (next to be held April 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: 68 years (2001) female: 70 years (2001) |
total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
| Literacy | NA | definition: NA
total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga |
| Map references | Oceania | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | none (2002 est.) | - |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand |
| Military branches | - | no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force |
| National holiday | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun: Tokelauan(s)
adjective: Tokelauan |
noun: Niuean(s)
adjective: Niuean |
| Natural hazards | lies in Pacific typhoon belt | typhoons |
| Natural resources | NEGL | fish, arable land |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 1,431 (July 2002 est.) | 2,166 (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA |
| Population growth rate | -0.92% (2002 est.) | 0% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none; offshore anchorage only | none; offshore anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998) |
AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 1,000 (1997) | - |
| Railways | 0 km | - |
| Religions | Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2%
note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant |
Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 61.1%, Latter-Day Saints 8.8%, Roman Catholic 7.2%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2.4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.4%, other 8.4%, unspecified 8.7%, none 1.9% (2001 census) |
| Sex ratio | NA | NA |
| Suffrage | 21 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: adequate
domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997 |
domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island
international: country code - 683 |
| Telephones - main lines in use | NA | 1,100 est (2002) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (2001) | 400 (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons | steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman | NA |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | NA |
| Waterways | none | - |
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