Main page Compare countries Index countries Index fields

Query:
Jah-Jah.pl / Index countries / Togo (2001) - Fiji (2005) / Compare countries
##ciekawa_strona##

Compare Togo (2001) - Fiji (2005)

Compare Togo (2001) z Fiji (2005)

 Togo (2001)Fiji (2005)
 TogoFiji
Administrative divisions 5 regions (regions, singular - region); De La Kara, Des Plateaux, Des Savanes, Du Centre, Maritime 4 divisions and 1 dependency*; Central, Eastern, Northern, Rotuma*, Western
Age structure 0-14 years:
45.63% (male 1,179,650; female 1,171,748)

15-64 years:
51.92% (male 1,302,197; female 1,373,247)

65 years and over:
2.45% (male 54,651; female 71,595) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 31.4% (male 143,066/female 137,346)


15-64 years: 64.5% (male 288,434/female 287,720)


65 years and over: 4.1% (male 16,797/female 19,991) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock; fish sugarcane, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), rice, sweet potatoes, bananas; cattle, pigs, horses, goats; fish
Airports 9 (2000 est.) 28 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

2,438 to 3,047 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total: 3


over 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
7

914 to 1,523 m:
5

under 914 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total: 25


914 to 1,523 m: 6


under 914 m: 19 (2004 est.)
Area total:
56,785 sq km

land:
54,385 sq km

water:
2,400 sq km
total: 18,270 sq km


land: 18,270 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than West Virginia slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background French Togoland became Togo in 1960. General Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, is Africa's longest-serving head of state. Despite the facade of multiparty elections that resulted in EYADEMA's victory in 1993, the government continues to be dominated by the military. In addition, Togo has come under fire from international organizations for human rights abuses and is plagued by political unrest. Most bilateral and multilateral aid to Togo remains frozen. Fiji became independent in 1970, after nearly a century as a British colony. Democratic rule was interrupted by two military coups in 1987, caused by concern over a government perceived as dominated by the Indian community (descendants of contract laborers brought to the islands by the British in the 19th century). A 1990 constitution favored native Melanesian control of Fiji, but led to heavy Indian emigration; the population loss resulted in economic difficulties, but ensured that Melanesians became the majority. Amendments enacted in 1997 made the constitution more equitable. Free and peaceful elections in 1999 resulted in a government led by an Indo-Fijian, but a coup in May 2000 ushered in a prolonged period of political turmoil. Parliamentary elections held in August 2001 provided Fiji with a democratically elected government and gave a mandate to the government of Prime Minister Laisenia QARASE.
Birth rate 37.04 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 22.73 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues:
$232 million

expenditures:
$252 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.)
revenues: $427.9 million


expenditures: $531.4 million, including capital expenditures of NA (2000 est.)
Capital Lome Suva (Viti Levu)
Climate tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
Coastline 56 km 1,129 km
Constitution multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992 promulgated on 25 July 1990; amended on 25 July 1997 to allow nonethnic Fijians greater say in government and to make multiparty government mandatory; effective 28 July 1998
Country name conventional long form:
Togolese Republic

conventional short form:
Togo

local long form:
Republique Togolaise

local short form:
none

former:
French Togoland
conventional long form: Republic of the Fiji Islands


conventional short form: Fiji
Currency Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States -
Death rate 11.24 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5.65 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external $1.5 billion (1999) $188.1 million (2001 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Karl HOFMANN

embassy:
Angle Rue Kouenou and Rue 15 Beniglato, Lome

mailing address:
B. P. 852, Lome

telephone:
[228] 21 29 91 through 21 29 94

FAX:
[228] 21 79 52
chief of mission: Ambassador David L. LYON


embassy: 31 Loftus Street, Suva


mailing address: P. O. Box 218, Suva


telephone: [679] 331-4466


FAX: [679] 330-0081
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Akoussoulelov BODJONA

chancery:
2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 234-4212

FAX:
[1] (202) 232-3190
chief of mission: Mr. Paula NAVUNISARAVI (Charge D'Affaires ad Interim)


chancery: 2233 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 240, Washington, DC 20007


telephone: [1] (202) 337-8320


FAX: [1] (202) 337-1996
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $201.1 million (1995) $40.3 million (1995)
Economy - overview This small sub-Saharan economy is heavily dependent on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for 65% of the labor force. Some basic foodstuffs must still be imported. Together, cocoa, coffee, and cotton generate some 40% of export earnings, with cotton being the most significant cash crop despite falling prices on the world market. In the industrial sector, phosphate mining is by far the most important activity. Togo is the world's fourth largest producer, and geological advantages keep production costs low. The recently privatized mining operation, Office Togolais des Phosphates (OTP), is slowly recovering from a steep fall in prices in the early 1990's, but continues to face the challenge of tough foreign competition, exacerbated by weakening demand. Togo serves as a regional commercial and trade center. It continues to expand its duty-free export-processing zone (EPZ), launched in 1989, which has attracted enterprises from France, Italy, Scandinavia, the US, India, and China and created jobs for Togolese nationals. The government's decade-long effort, supported by the World Bank and the IMF, to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has stalled. Progress depends on following through on privatization, increased openness in government financial operations, progress towards legislative elections, and possible downsizing of the military, on which the regime has depended to stay in place. Lack of foreign aid, deterioration of the financial sector, energy shortages, and depressed commodity prices continue to constrain economic growth; however, Togo did realize a 3% gain in GDP in 1999. The takeover of the national power company by a Franco-Canadian consortium in 2000 should ease the energy crisis and if successful legislative elections pave the way for increased aid, growth should rise to 5% a year in 2001-02. Fiji, endowed with forest, mineral, and fish resources, is one of the most developed of the Pacific island economies, though still with a large subsistence sector. Sugar exports and a growing tourist industry - with 300,000 to 400,000 tourists annually - are the major sources of foreign exchange. Sugar processing makes up one-third of industrial activity, but is inefficient. Long-term problems include low investment, uncertain land ownership rights, and the government's ability to manage its budget. Yet short-run economic prospects are good, provided tensions do not again erupt between indigenous Fijians and Indo-Fijians. Overseas remittances from Fijians working in Kuwait and Iraq have increased significantly.
Electricity - consumption 511.6 million kWh (1999) 697.5 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 426 million kWh

note:
electricity supplied by Ghana (1999)
0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production 92 million kWh (1999) 750 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
97.83%

hydro:
2.17%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mont Agou 986 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Tomanivi 1,324 m
Environment - current issues deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry; air pollution increasing in urban areas deforestation; soil erosion
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups native African (37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre) 99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1% Fijian 51% (predominantly Melanesian with a Polynesian admixture), Indian 44%, European, other Pacific Islanders, overseas Chinese, and other 5% (1998 est.)
Exchange rates Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 699.21 (January 2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.70 (1999), 589.95 (1998), 583.67 (1997), 511.55 (1996); note - from 1 January 1999, the XOF is pegged to the euro at a rate of 655.957 XOF per euro Fijian dollars per US dollar - 1.7331 (2004), 1.8958 (2003), 2.1869 (2002), 2.2766 (2001), 2.1286 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA (since 14 April 1967)

head of government:
Prime Minister Agbeyome KODJO (since 29 August 2000)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president and the prime minister

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 21 June 1998 (next to be held NA 2003); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Gnassingbe EYADEMA reelected president; percent of vote - Gnassingbe EYADEMA 52.13%, Gilchrist OLYMPIO 34.12%, other 13.75%
chief of state: President Ratu Josefa ILOILOVATU Uluivuda (since 18 July 2000)


head of government: Prime Minister Laisenia QARASE (since 10 September 2000)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among the members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament; note - there is also a Presidential Council that advises the president on matters of national importance and a Great Council of Chiefs, which consists of the highest ranking members of the traditional chief system


elections: president elected by the Great Council of Chiefs for a five-year term; prime minister appointed by the president


election results: Ratu Josefa ILOILOVATU Uluivuda elected president by the Great Council of Chiefs; percent of vote - NA%
Exports $336 million (f.o.b., 2000) NA
Exports - commodities cotton, phosphates, coffee, cocoa sugar, garments, gold, timber, fish, molasses, coconut oil
Exports - partners Nigeria, Brazil, Canada, Philippines (1999) US 24%, Australia 19%, UK 12.6%, Samoa 6.5%, Japan 4.1% (2004)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia light blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield depicts a yellow lion above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George featuring stalks of sugarcane, a palm tree, bananas, and a white dove
GDP purchasing power parity - $7.3 billion (2000 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
42%

industry:
21%

services:
37% (1997)
agriculture: 16.6%


industry: 22.4%


services: 61% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $5,900 (2004 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.4% (2000 est.) 3.6% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 8 00 N, 1 10 E 18 00 S, 175 00 E
Geography - note - includes 332 islands of which approximately 110 are inhabited
Highways total:
7,520 km

paved:
2,376 km

unpaved:
5,144 km (1996)
total: 3,440 km


paved: 1,692 km


unpaved: 1,748 km (1999 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs transit hub for Nigerian heroin and cocaine traffickers -
Imports $452 million (f.o.b., 2000) NA
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, petroleum products, food, chemicals
Imports - partners Ghana, China, France, Cote d'Ivoire (1999) Australia 25.9%, Singapore 23.1%, New Zealand 21.1% (2004)
Independence 27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship) 10 October 1970 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA
Industries phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement; handicrafts, textiles, beverages tourism, sugar, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber, small cottage industries
Infant mortality rate 70.43 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) total: 12.62 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 13.97 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 11.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.5% (2000 est.) 1.6% (2002 est.)
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIPONUH, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB, WAEMU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACP, AsDB, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIK, UNMISET, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 3 (2000) -
Irrigated land 70 sq km (1993 est.) 30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president); Court of Appeal; High Court; Magistrates' Courts
Labor force 1.74 million (1996) 137,000 (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 65%, industry 5%, services 30% (1998 est.) agriculture, including subsistence agriculture 70% (2001 est.)
Land boundaries total:
1,647 km

border countries:
Benin 644 km, Burkina Faso 126 km, Ghana 877 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
38%

permanent crops:
7%

permanent pastures:
4%

forests and woodland:
17%

other:
34% (1993 est.)
arable land: 10.95%


permanent crops: 4.65%


other: 84.4% (2001)
Languages French (official and the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north) English (official), Fijian, Hindustani
Legal system French-based court system based on British system
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (81 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 21 March 1999 (next due to be held NA October 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPT 79, independents 2

note:
Togo's main opposition parties boycotted the election because of EYADEMA's alleged manipulation of 1998 presidential polling; in March of 1999, opposition parties entered into negotiations with the president over the establishment of an independent electoral commission and a new round of legislative elections, now scheduled for October 2001
bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (34 seats; 24 appointed by the President on the advice of the Great Council of Chiefs, nine appointed by the president, and one appointed by the council of Rotuma) and the House of Representatives (71 seats; 23 reserved for ethnic Fijians, 19 reserved for ethnic Indians, three reserved for other ethnic groups, one reserved for the council of Rotuma constituency encompassing the whole of Fiji, and 25 open seats; members serve five-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 25 August through 1 September and 19 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2006)


election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - FLP 26.5%, SDL 27.5%, NFP 1.2%, MV 4.2%, NLUP 1.3%, UGP .3%, independents 1.4%; seats by party - FLP 27, SDL 32, MV 6, NFP 1, NLUP 2, UGP 1, independents 2
Life expectancy at birth total population:
54.35 years

male:
52.38 years

female:
56.38 years (2001 est.)
total population: 69.53 years


male: 67.05 years


female: 72.14 years (2005 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
51.7%

male:
67%

female:
37% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 93.7%


male: 95.5%


female: 91.9% (2003 est.)
Location Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references Africa Oceania
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
30 NM
measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines


territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation; rectilinear shelf claim added
Merchant marine total:
1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,603 GRT/2,800 DWT

ships by type:
specialized tanker 1 (2000 est.)
total: 7 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 6,372 GRT/7,453 DWT


by type: passenger 3, passenger/cargo 2, roll on/roll off 2


foreign-owned: 1 (Australia 1) (2005)
Military branches Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF): Land Forces, Naval Division (2005)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $27 million (FY96) $36 million (2004)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2% (FY96) 2.2% (FY02)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,175,528 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
616,622 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 27 April (1960) Independence Day, second Monday of October (1970)
Nationality noun:
Togolese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Togolese
noun: Fijian(s)


adjective: Fijian
Natural hazards hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts cyclonic storms can occur from November to January
Natural resources phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower
Net migration rate 0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -3.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders Action Committee for Renewal or CAR [Yawovi AGBOYIBO]; Coordination des Forces Nouvelles or CFN [Joseph KOFFIGOH]; Democratic Convention of African Peoples or CDPA [Leopold GNININVI]; Party for Democracy and Renewal or PDR [Zarifou AYEVA]; Patriotic Pan-African Convergence or CPP [Edem KODJO]; Rally of the Togolese People or RPT [President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA]; Union of Forces for Change or UFC [Gilchrist OLYMPIO (in exile), Jeane-Pierre FABRE, general secretary in Togo]; Union of Independent Liberals or ULI [Jacques AMOUZO]

note:
Rally of the Togolese People or RPT, led by President EYADEMA, was the only party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991
Bai Kei Viti Party or BKV [Ratu Tevita MOMOEDONU]; Conservative Alliance Party/Matanitu Vanua or MV [Ratu Rakuita VAKALALABURE]; Dodonu Ni Taukei Party or DNT [Fereti S. DEWA]; Fiji Democratic Party or FDP [Felipe BOLE] (a merger of the Christian Democrat Alliance or VLV [Poesci Waqalevu BUNE], Fijian Association Party or FAP [Adi Kuini SPEED], Fijian Political Party or SVT (primarily Fijian) [Felipe BOLE], and New Labor Unity Party or NLUP [Tupeni BABA]); Fiji Labor Party or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDRHRY]; General Voters Party or GVP [leader NA] (became part of United General Party); Girmit Heritage Party or GHP [leader NA]; Justice and Freedom Party or AIM [leader NA]; Lio 'On Famor Rotuma Party or LFR [leader NA]; National Federation Party or NFP (primarily Indian) [Pramond RAE]; Nationalist Vanua Takolavo Party or NVTLP [Saula TELAWA]; Party of National Unity or PANU [Meli BOGILEKA]; Party of the Truth or POTT [leader NA]; United Fiji Party/Sogosogo Duavata ni Lewenivanua or SDL [Laisenia QARASE]; United General Party or UGP [Millis Mick BEDDOES]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 5,153,088

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
893,354 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line 32% (1989 est.) 25.5% (1990-91)
Population growth rate 2.6% (2001 est.) 1.4% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors Kpeme, Lome Lambasa, Lautoka, Suva
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 9, shortwave 4 (1998) AM 13, FM 40, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 940,000 (1997) -
Railways total:
525 km (1995)

narrow gauge:
525 km 1.000-m gauge
total: 597 km


narrow gauge: 597 km 0.600-m gauge


note: belongs to the government-owned Fiji Sugar Corporation; used to haul sugarcane during harvest season (May to December) (2003)
Religions indigenous beliefs 59%, Christian 29%, Muslim 12% Christian 52% (Methodist 37%, Roman Catholic 9%), Hindu 38%, Muslim 8%, other 2%


note: Fijians are mainly Christian, Indians are Hindu, and there is a Muslim minority (1986)
Sex ratio at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.76 male(s)/female

total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female


total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage NA years of age; universal adult 21 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
fair system based on a network of microwave radio relay routes supplemented by open-wire lines and a mobile cellular system

domestic:
microwave radio relay and open-wire lines for conventional system; cellular system has capacity of 10,000 telephones

international:
satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Symphonie
general assessment: modern local, interisland, and international (wire/radio integrated) public and special-purpose telephone, telegraph, and teleprinter facilities; regional radio communications center


domestic: NA


international: country code - 679; access to important cable links between US and Canada as well as between NZ and Australia; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 25,000 (1997) 102,000 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular 2,995 (1997) 109,900 (2003)
Television broadcast stations 3 (plus two repeaters) (1997) NA
Terrain gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes mostly mountains of volcanic origin
Total fertility rate 5.32 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.75 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 7.6% (1999)
Waterways 50 km (Mono river) 203 km


note: 122 km navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges (2004)
Sitemap: Compare countries listing (map site) | Country listing (map site)
Links: Add to favorites | Information about this website | Stats | Polityka prywatnosci
This page was generated in ##czas## s. Size this page: ##rozmiar_strony## kB.