Compare Timor-Leste (2007) - Palau (2004)

Compare Timor-Leste (2007) z Palau (2004)

	Timor-Leste (2007)	Palau (2004)

Administrative divisions	13 administrative districts; Aileu, Ainaro, Baucau, Bobonaro (Maliana), Cova-Lima (Suai), Dili, Ermera, Lautem (Los Palos), Liquica, Manatuto, Manufahi (Same), Oecussi (Ambeno), Viqueque	16 states; Aimeliik, Airai, Angaur, Hatohobei, Kayangel, Koror, Melekeok, Ngaraard, Ngarchelong, Ngardmau, Ngatpang, Ngchesar, Ngeremlengui, Ngiwal, Peleliu, Sonsorol
Age structure	0-14 years: 35.7% (male 196,825/female 190,454) 15-64 years: 61.1% (male 337,816/female 325,094) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 16,823/female 17,959) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 26.6% (male 2,746; female 2,578) 15-64 years: 68.8% (male 7,456; female 6,319) 65 years and over: 4.6% (male 437; female 480) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	coffee, rice, corn, cassava, sweet potatoes, soybeans, cabbage, mangoes, bananas, vanilla	coconuts, copra, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes
Airports	8 (2007)	3 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2007)	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 2 (2007)	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 15,007 sq km land: NA sq km water: NA sq km	total: 458 sq km land: 458 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Connecticut	slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Portuguese began to trade with the island of Timor in the early 16th century and colonized it in mid-century. Skirmishing with the Dutch in the region eventually resulted in an 1859 treaty in which Portugal ceded the western portion of the island. Imperial Japan occupied Timor-Leste from 1942 to 1945, but Portugal resumed colonial authority after the Japanese defeat in World War II. Timor-Leste declared itself independent from Portugal on 28 November 1975 and was invaded and occupied by Indonesian forces nine days later. It was incorporated into Indonesia in July 1976 as the province of Timor-Leste. An unsuccessful campaign of pacification followed over the next two decades, during which an estimated 100,000 to 250,000 individuals lost their lives. On 30 August 1999, in a UN-supervised popular referendum, an overwhelming majority of the people of Timor-Leste voted for independence from Indonesia. Between the referendum and the arrival of a multinational peacekeeping force in late September 1999, anti-independence Timorese militias - organized and supported by the Indonesian military - commenced a large-scale, scorched-earth campaign of retribution. The militias killed approximately 1,400 Timorese and forcibly pushed 300,000 people into western Timor as refugees. The majority of the country's infrastructure, including homes, irrigation systems, water supply systems, and schools, and nearly 100% of the country's electrical grid were destroyed. On 20 September 1999 the Australian-led peacekeeping troops of the International Force for East Timor (INTERFET) deployed to the country and brought the violence to an end. On 20 May 2002, Timor-Leste was internationally recognized as an independent state. In March of 2006, a military strike led to violence and a near breakdown of law and order. Over 2,000 Australian, New Zealand, and Portuguese police and peacekeepers deployed to Timor-Leste in late May. Although many of the peacekeepers were replaced by UN police officers, 850 Australian soldiers remained as of 1 January 2007.	After three decades as part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific under US administration, this westernmost cluster of the Caroline Islands opted for independence in 1978 rather than join the Federated States of Micronesia. A Compact of Free Association with the US was approved in 1986, but not ratified until 1993. It entered into force the following year, when the islands gained independence.
Birth rate	26.77 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	18.69 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $107.7 million expenditures: $73 million (2004 est.)	revenues: $57.7 million expenditures: $80.8 million, including capital expenditures of $17.1 million (FY98/99 est.)
Capital	name: Dili geographic coordinates: 8 35 S, 125 36 E time difference: UTC+9 (14 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Koror; note - a new capital is being built about 20 km northeast of Koror
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; distinct rainy and dry seasons	Tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November
Coastline	706 km	1,519 km
Constitution	22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model)	1 January 1981
Country name	conventional long form: Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste conventional short form: Timor-Leste local long form: Republika Demokratika Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Republica Democratica de Timor-Leste [Portuguese] local short form: Timor Lorosa'e [Tetum]; Timor-Leste [Portuguese] former: East Timor; Portuguese Timor	conventional long form: Republic of Palau conventional short form: Palau local long form: Beluu er a Belau local short form: Belau former: Palau District (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands)
Currency	-	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	6.19 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	6.89 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	-	$0 (FY99/00)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Hans G. KLEMM embassy: Avenida de Portugal, Praia dos Conqueiros, Dili mailing address: US Department of State, 8250 Dili Place, Washington, DC 20521-8250 telephone: (670) 332-4684 FAX: (670) 331-3206	chief of mission: Ambassador Francis J. RICCIARDONE, US ambassador to the Philippines is accredited to Palau embassy: Koror (no street address) mailing address: P. O. Box 6028, Republic of Palau 96940 telephone: [680] 488-2920, 2990 FAX: [680] 488-2911
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Constancio PINTO chancery: 4201 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: 202 966-3202 FAX: 202 966-3205 consulate(s) general: New York	chief of mission: Ambassador Hersey KYOTA chancery: 1800 K Street NW, Suite 714, Washington, DC 20006 telephone: [1] (202) 452-6814 FAX: [1] (202) 452-6281 consulate(s): Saipan (Northern Mariana Islands)
Disputes - international	Timor-Leste-Indonesia Boundary Committee has resolved all but a small portion of the land boundary, but discussions on maritime boundaries are stalemated over sovereignty of the uninhabited coral island of Pulau Batek/Fatu Sinai in the north and alignment with Australian claims in the south; many refugees who left Timor-Leste in 2003 still reside in Indonesia and refuse repatriation; Australia and Timor-Leste agreed in 2005 to defer the disputed portion of the boundary for 50 years and to split hydrocarbon revenues evenly outside the Joint Petroleum Development Area covered by the 2002 Timor Sea Treaty	border delineation disputes being negotiated with Philippines, Indonesia
Economic aid - recipient	$184.7 million (2005 est.)	$155.8 million ; note - the Compact of Free Association with the US, entered into after the end of the UN trusteeship on 1 October 1994, provides Palau with up to $700 million in US aid over 15 years in return for furnishing military facilities
Economy - overview	In late 1999, about 70% of the economic infrastructure of Timor-Leste was laid waste by Indonesian troops and anti-independence militias, and 300,000 people fled westward. Over the next three years, however, a massive international program, manned by 5,000 peacekeepers (8,000 at peak) and 1,300 police officers, led to substantial reconstruction in both urban and rural areas. By the end of 2005, all refugees either returned or resettled in Indonesia. The country faces great challenges in continuing the rebuilding of infrastructure, strengthening the infant civil administration, and generating jobs for young people entering the work force. The development of oil and gas resources in nearby waters has begun to supplement government revenues ahead of schedule and above expectations - the result of high petroleum prices - but the technology-intensive industry does little to create jobs for the unemployed, because there are no production facilities in Timor and the gas is piped to Australia. The parliament in June 2005 unanimously approved the creation of a Petroleum Fund to serve as a repository for all petroleum revenues and preserve the value of Timor-Leste's petroleum wealth for future generations. The mid-2006 outbreak of violence and civil unrest disrupted both private and public sector economic activity. Real non-oil GDP growth in 2006 is estimated to have been negative. The underlying economic policy challenge the country faces remains how best to use oil-and-gas wealth to lift the non-oil economy onto a higher growth path and reduce poverty.	The economy consists primarily of tourism, subsistence agriculture and fishing. The government is the major employer of the work force, relying heavily on financial assistance from the US. Business and tourist arrivals numbered 50,000 in FY00/01. The population enjoys a per capita income twice that of the Philippines and much of Micronesia. Long-run prospects for the key tourist sector have been greatly bolstered by the expansion of air travel in the Pacific, the rising prosperity of leading East Asian countries, and the willingness of foreigners to finance infrastructure development.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	-
Electricity - production	NA kWh	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Timor Sea, Savu Sea, and Banda Sea 0 m highest point: Foho Tatamailau 2,963 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Ngerchelchuus 242 m
Environment - current issues	widespread use of slash and burn agriculture has led to deforestation and soil erosion	inadequate facilities for disposal of solid waste; threats to the marine ecosystem from sand and coral dredging, illegal fishing practices, and overfishing
Environment - international agreements	party to: Climate Change, Desertification	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian), Papuan, small Chinese minority	Palauan (Micronesian with Malayan and Melanesian admixtures) 70%, Asian (mainly Filipinos, followed by Chinese, Taiwanese, and Vietnamese) 28%, white 2% (2000 est.)
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jose RAMOS-HORTA (since 20 May 2007); note - the president plays a largely symbolic role but is able to veto legislation, dissolve parliament, and call national elections head of government: Prime Minister Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO (since 8 August 2007), note - he formerly used the name Jose Alexandre GUSMAO; Deputy Prime Minister Jose Luis GUTERRES (since 8 August 2007) cabinet: Council of Ministers elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 9 April 2007 with run-off on 8 May 2007 (next be be held in May 2012); following elections, president appoints leader of majority party or majority coalition as prime minister election results: Jose RAMOS-HORTA elected president; percent of vote - Jose RAMOS-HORTA 69.2%, Francisco GUTTERES 30.8%	chief of state: President Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. (since 19 January 2001) and Vice President Camsek CHIN (since 1 January 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. (since 19 January 2001) and Vice President Camsek CHIN (since 1 January 2005); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected on separate tickets by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. reelected president; percent of vote - Tommy Esang REMENGESAU, Jr. 64%, Polycarp BASILIUS 33%; Elias Camsek CHIN elected vice president; percent of vote - Elias Camsek CHIN 70%, Sandra PIERANTOZZI 29%
Exports	$10 million; note - excludes oil (2005 est.)	$18 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	coffee, sandalwood, marble; note - potential for oil and vanilla exports	shellfish, tuna, copra, garments
Exports - partners	Indonesia 100% (2006)	US, Japan, Singapore (2000)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	1 October - 30 September
Flag description	red, with a black isosceles triangle (based on the hoist side) superimposed on a slightly longer yellow arrowhead that extends to the center of the flag; there is a white star in the center of the black triangle	light blue with a large yellow disk (representing the moon) shifted slightly to the hoist side
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $174 million note: GDP estimate includes US subsidy (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 8.5% industry: 23.1% services: 68.4% (2004)	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $9,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	1.8% (2005 est.)	1% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	8 50 S, 125 55 E	7 30 N, 134 30 E
Geography - note	Timor comes from the Malay word for "East"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands	westernmost archipelago in the Caroline chain, consists of six island groups totaling more than 300 islands; includes World War II battleground of Beliliou (Peleliu) and world-famous rock islands
Heliports	9 (2007)	-
Highways	-	total: 61 km paved: 36 km unpaved: 25 km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs	NA	-
Imports	$202 million (2004 est.)	$99 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities	food, gasoline, kerosene, machinery	machinery and equipment, fuels, metals; foodstuffs
Imports - partners	-	US, Guam, Japan, Singapore, Korea (2000)
Independence	28 November 1975 (independence proclaimed from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of international recognition of Timor-Leste's independence from Indonesia	1 October 1994 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)
Industrial production growth rate	8.5% (2004 est.)	NA
Industries	printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth	tourism, craft items (from shell, wood, pearls), construction, garment making
Infant mortality rate	total: 44.46 deaths/1,000 live births male: 50.47 deaths/1,000 live births female: 38.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: 15.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 17.07 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.42 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.4% (2005)	3.4% (2000 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, ARF, AsDB, CPLP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PIF (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO	ACP, AsDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IOC, MIGA, OPCW, PIF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO
Irrigated land	1,065 sq km (est.)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of Justice - constitution calls for one judge to be appointed by National Parliament and rest appointed by Superior Council for Judiciary; note - until Supreme Court is established, Court of Appeals is highest court	Supreme Court; National Court; Court of Common Pleas
Labor force	NA	9,845 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture 20%, industry NA, services NA (1990)
Land boundaries	total: 228 km border countries: Indonesia 228 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 8.2% permanent crops: 4.57% other: 87.23% (2005)	arable land: 8.7% permanent crops: 4.35% other: 86.95% (2001)
Languages	Tetum (official), Portuguese (official), Indonesian, English note: there are about 16 indigenous languages; Tetum, Galole, Mambae, and Kemak are spoken by significant numbers of people	English and Palauan official in all states except Sonsoral (Sonsoralese and English are official), Tobi (Tobi and English are official), and Angaur (Angaur, Japanese, and English are official)
Legal system	UN-drafted legal system based on Indonesian law remains in place but are to be replaced by civil and penal codes based on Portuguese law; these have passed but have not been promulgated; has not accepted compulsury ICJ jurisdiction	based on Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws
Legislative branch	unicameral National Parliament (number of seats can vary from 52 to 65; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held on 30 June 2007 (next elections to be held in June 2012) election results: percent of vote by party - FRETILIN 29%, CNRT 24.1%, ASDT-PSD 15.8%, PD 11.3%, PUN 4.5%, KOTA-PPT (Democratic Alliance) 3.2%, UNTERDIM 3.2%, others 8.9%; seats by party - FRETILIN 21, CNRT 18, ASDT-PSD 11, PD 8, PUN 3, KOTA-PPT 2, UNDERTIM 2	bicameral Parliament or Olbiil Era Kelulau (OEK) consists of the Senate (9 seats; members elected by popular vote on a population basis to serve four-year terms) and the House of Delegates (16 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: Senate - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008); House of Delegates - last held 2 November 2004 (next to be held November 2008) election results: Senate - percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (four new members elected); House of Delegates - percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 16 (one new member elected)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 66.6 years male: 64.28 years female: 69.04 years (2007 est.)	total population: 69.82 years male: 66.67 years female: 73.15 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 58.6% male: NA% female: NA% (2002)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 92% male: 93% female: 90% (1980 est.)
Location	Southeastern Asia, northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda Islands at the eastern end of the Indonesian archipelago; note - Timor-Leste includes the eastern half of the island of Timor, the Oecussi (Ambeno) region on the northwest portion of the island of Timor, and the islands of Pulau Atauro and Pulau Jaco	Oceania, group of islands in the North Pacific Ocean, southeast of the Philippines
Map references	Southeast Asia	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm extended fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	by type: passenger/cargo 1 (2007)	none
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of the US; under a Compact of Free Association between Palau and the US, the US military is granted access to the islands for 50 years
Military branches	Timor-Leste Defense Force (Forcas de Defesa de Timor-L'este, FDTL): Army, Navy (Armada) (2005)	no regular military forces; Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	NA
National holiday	Independence Day, 28 November (1975)	Constitution Day, 9 July (1979)
Nationality	noun: Timorese adjective: Timorese	noun: Palauan(s) adjective: Palauan
Natural hazards	floods and landslides are common; earthquakes, tsunamis, tropical cyclones	typhoons (June to December)
Natural resources	gold, petroleum, natural gas, manganese, marble	forests, minerals (especially gold), marine products, deep-seabed minerals
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	2.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Democratic Party or PD [Fernando de ARAUJO]; National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction or CNRT [Xanana GUSMAO]; National Democratic Union of Timorese Resistance or UNDERTIM [Cornelio DA Conceicao GAMA]; National Unity Party or PUN [Fernanda BORGES]; People's Party of Timor or PPT [Jacob XAVIER]; Revolutionary Front of Independent Timor-Leste or FRETILIN [Francisco Guterres Lu OLO]; Social Democratic Association of Timor or ASDT [Francisco Xavier do AMARAL]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Mario CARRASCALAO]; Sons of the Mountain Warriors or KOTA [Clementino dos Reis AMARAL] (also known as Association of Timorese Heroes)	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	NA
Population	1,084,971 note: other estimates range as low as 800,000 (July 2007 est.)	20,016 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	42% (2003 est.)	NA
Population growth rate	2.059% (2007 est.)	1.46% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Koror
Radio broadcast stations	at least 1 (Timor-Leste has a state-run media oversight authority that oversees at least 1 radio station - frequency type NA)	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 1 (2002)
Religions	Roman Catholic 98%, Muslim 1%, Protestant 1% (2005)	Christian (Roman Catholics 49%, Seventh-Day Adventists, Jehovah's Witnesses, the Assembly of God, the Liebenzell Mission, and Latter-Day Saints), Modekngei religion (one-third of the population observes this religion, which is indigenous to Palau)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.033 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.039 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.937 male(s)/female total population: 1.034 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.18 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.91 male(s)/female total population: 1.14 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	17 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: rudimentary service limited to urban areas domestic: fixed and wireless service available; system suffered significant damage during the violence associated with independence international: country code - 670; international service is available in major urban centers	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: country code - 680; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	2,500 (2006)	6,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	49,100 (2006)	1,000 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	1 (Timor-Leste has a state-run media oversight authority that oversees at least 1 television station)	1 (cable) (2005)
Terrain	mountainous	varying geologically from the high, mountainous main island of Babelthuap to low, coral islands usually fringed by large barrier reefs
Total fertility rate	3.45 children born/woman (2007 est.)	2.46 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	50% estimated; note - unemployment in urban areas reached 20%; data do not include underemployed (2001 est.)	2.3% (2000 est.)

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