Main page Compare countries Index countries Index fields

Query:
Jah-Jah.pl / Index countries / Tajikistan (2001) - Tunisia (2002) / Compare countries
##ciekawa_strona##

Compare Tajikistan (2001) - Tunisia (2002)

Compare Tajikistan (2001) z Tunisia (2002)

 Tajikistan (2001)Tunisia (2002)
 TajikistanTunisia
Administrative divisions 2 oblasts (viloyatho, singular - viloyat) and one autonomous oblast* (viloyati mukhtori); Viloyati Mukhtori Kuhistoni Badakhshon* (Khorugh - formerly Khorog), Viloyati Khatlon (Qurghonteppa - formerly Kurgan-Tyube), Viloyati Leninobod (Khujand - formerly Leninabad)

note:
the administrative center name follows in parentheses
23 governorates; Ariana (Aryanah), Beja (Bajah), Ben Arous (Bin 'Arus), Bizerte (Banzart), El Kef (Al Kaf), Gabes (Qabis), Gafsa (Qafsah), Jendouba (Jundubah), Kairouan (Al Qayrawan), Kasserine (Al Qasrayn), Kebili (Qibili), Mahdia (Al Mahdiyah), Medenine (Madanin), Monastir (Al Munastir), Nabeul (Nabul), Sfax (Safaqis), Sidi Bou Zid (Sidi Bu Zayd), Siliana (Silyanah), Sousse (Susah), Tataouine (Tatawin), Tozeur (Tawzar), Tunis, Zaghouan (Zaghwan)
Age structure 0-14 years:
41.18% (male 1,367,194; female 1,341,967)

15-64 years:
54.22% (male 1,773,605; female 1,793,345)

65 years and over:
4.6% (male 131,009; female 171,561) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 27.8% (male 1,412,625; female 1,320,729)


15-64 years: 65.9% (male 3,234,770; female 3,233,149)


65 years and over: 6.3% (male 303,093; female 311,278) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats olives, olive oil, grain, dairy products, tomatoes, citrus fruit, beef, sugar beets, dates, almonds
Airports 53 (2000 est.) 30 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total: 14


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
51

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
12

under 914 m:
36 (2000 est.)
total: 16


1,524 to 2,437 m: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 7 (2002)
Area total:
143,100 sq km

land:
142,700 sq km

water:
400 sq km
total: 163,610 sq km


land: 155,360 sq km


water: 8,250 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Wisconsin slightly larger than Georgia
Background Tajikistan has experienced three changes in government and a five-year civil war since it gained independence in 1991 from the USSR. A peace agreement among rival factions was signed in 1997, and implementation reportedly completed by late 1999. Part of the agreement required the legalization of opposition political parties prior to the 1999 elections, which occurred, but such parties have made little progress in successful participation in government. Random criminal and political violence in the country remains a complication impairing Tajikistan's ability to engage internationally. Following independence from France in 1956, President Habib BOURGUIBA established a strict one-party state. He dominated the country for 31 years, repressing Islamic fundamentalism and establishing rights for women unmatched by any other Arab nation. In recent years, Tunisia has taken a moderate, non-aligned stance in its foreign relations. Domestically, it has sought to diffuse rising pressure for a more open political society.
Birth rate 33.23 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 16.83 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues:
$146 million

expenditures:
$196 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $5.7 billion


expenditures: $6.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $1.5 billion (2001 est.)
Capital Dushanbe Tunis
Climate midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains temperate in north with mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers; desert in south
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 1,148 km
Constitution 6 November 1994 1 June 1959; amended 12 July 1988
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Tajikistan

conventional short form:
Tajikistan

local long form:
Jumhurii Tojikiston

local short form:
none

former:
Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic
conventional long form: Tunisian Republic


conventional short form: Tunisia


local long form: Al Jumhuriyah at Tunisiyah


local short form: Tunis
Currency somoni Tunisian dinar (TND)
Death rate 8.57 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 5 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $1.3 billion (1999 est.) $11.5 billion (2001 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Robert P. J. FINN

embassy:
temporarily collocated with the US Embassy in Almaty (Kazakhstan)

mailing address:
use embassy street address

telephone:
NA

FAX:
NA
chief of mission: Ambassador Rust M. DEMING


embassy: Zone Nord-Est des Berges du Lac Nord de Tunis, 2045 La Goulette, Tunisia


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [216] 71 782-566


FAX: [216] 71 789-719
Diplomatic representation in the US Tajikistan does not have an embassy in the US, but does have a permanent mission to the UN: address - 136 East 67th Street, New York, NY 10021, telephone - [1] (212) 472-7645, FAX - [1] (212) 628-0252; permanent representative to the UN is Rashid ALIMOV chief of mission: Ambassador Hatem ATALLAH


chancery: 1515 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20005


telephone: [1] (202) 862-1850


FAX: [1] (202) 862-1858
Disputes - international portions of Tajikistan's northern and western border with Uzbekistan and its eastern border with China have not been officially demarcated; territorial dispute with Kyrgyzstan on northern boundary in Isfara Valley area none
Economic aid - recipient $64.7 million (1995) $933.2 million (1995)
Economy - overview Tajikistan has the lowest per capita GDP among the 15 former Soviet republics. Cotton is the most important crop. Mineral resources, varied but limited in amount, include silver, gold, uranium, and tungsten. Industry consists only of a large aluminum plant, hydropower facilities, and small obsolete factories mostly in light industry and food processing. The Tajikistani economy has been gravely weakened by six years of civil conflict and by the loss of subsidies from Moscow and of markets for its products. Most of its people live in abject poverty. Tajikistan depends on aid from Russia and Uzbekistan and on international humanitarian assistance for much of its basic subsistence needs. The future of Tajikistan's economy and the potential for attracting foreign investment depend upon stability and continued progress in the peace process. Tunisia has a diverse economy, with important agricultural, mining, energy, tourism, and manufacturing sectors. Governmental control of economic affairs while still heavy has gradually lessened over the past decade with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, and a prudent approach to debt. Real growth averaged 5.4% in the past five years, and inflation is slowing. Growth in tourism and increased trade have been key elements in this steady growth, although tourism revenues have slowed since 11 September 2001 and may take a year or more to fully recover. Tunisia's association agreement with the European Union entered into force on 1 March 1998, the first such accord between the EU and a Mediterranean country. Under the agreement Tunisia will gradually remove barriers to trade with the EU over the next decade. Broader privatization, further liberalization of the investment code to increase foreign investment, and improvements in government efficiency are among the challenges for the future.
Electricity - consumption 14.729 billion kWh (1999) 9.562 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 3.9 billion kWh (1999) 19 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 4.1 billion kWh (1999) 2 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 15.623 billion kWh (1999) 10.3 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
1.9%

hydro:
98.1%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel: 99%


hydro: 1%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Syrdariya 300 m

highest point:
Pik Imeni Ismail Samani 7,495 m
lowest point: Shatt al Gharsah -17 m


highest point: Jebel ech Chambi 1,544 m
Environment - current issues inadequate sanitation facilities; increasing levels of soil salinity; industrial pollution; excessive pesticides; part of the basin of the shrinking Aral Sea suffers from severe overutilization of available water for irrigation and associated pollution toxic and hazardous waste disposal is ineffective and poses health risks; water pollution from raw sewage; limited natural fresh water resources; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
Ethnic groups Tajik 64.9%, Uzbek 25%, Russian 3.5% (declining because of emigration), other 6.6% Arab 98%, European 1%, Jewish and other 1%
Exchange rates Tajikistani somoni per US dollar - 2.2 (January 2001), 1550 (January 2000), 998 (January 1999), 350 (January 1997), 284 (January 1996)

note:
the new unit of exchange was introduced on 30 October 2000, with one somoni equal to 1,000 of the old Tajikistani rubles
Tunisian dinars per US dollar - 1.44 (January 2002), 1.3753 (2001), 1.3707 (2000), 1.1862 (1999), 1.1387 (1998), 1.1059 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Emomali RAHMONOV (since 6 November 1994; head of state and Supreme Assembly chairman since 19 November 1992)

head of government:
Prime Minister Oqil OQILOV (since 20 January 1999)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president, approved by the Supreme Assembly

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 6 November 1999 (next to be held NA 2006); prime minister appointed by the president

election results:
Emomali RAHMONOV elected president; percent of vote - Emomali RAHMONOV 97%, Davlat USMON 2%
chief of state: President Zine El Abidine BEN ALI (since 7 November 1987)


head of government: Prime Minister Mohamed GHANNOUCHI (since 17 November 1999)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 24 October 1999 (next to be held NA 2004); prime minister appointed by the president


election results: President Zine El Abidine BEN ALI reelected for a third term without opposition; percent of vote - Zine El Abidine BEN ALI nearly 100%
Exports $761 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $6.6 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles textiles, mechanical goods, phosphates and chemicals, agricultural products, hydrocarbons
Exports - partners Liechtenstein 26%, Uzbekistan 20%, Russia 8% (1998) France 28%, Italy 21%, Germany 14%, Belgium 6%, Libya (2000)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three horizontal stripes of red (top), a wider stripe of white, and green; a gold crown surmounted by seven gold, five-pointed stars is located in the center of the white stripe red with a white disk in the center bearing a red crescent nearly encircling a red five-pointed star; the crescent and star are traditional symbols of Islam
GDP purchasing power parity - $7.3 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $64.5 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
19.8%

industry:
18.1%

services:
62.1% (1998)
agriculture: 13%


industry: 33%


services: 54% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,140 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $6,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5.1% (2000 est.) 4.8% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 39 00 N, 71 00 E 34 00 N, 9 00 E
Geography - note landlocked strategic location in central Mediterranean; Malta and Tunisia are discussing the commercial exploitation of the continental shelf between their countries, particularly for oil exploration
Highways total:
29,900 km

paved:
21,400 km (these roads are said to be hard-surfaced, and include, in addition to conventionally paved roads, some that are surfaced with gravel or other coarse aggregate, making them trafficable in all weather)

unpaved:
8,500 km (these roads are made of unstabilized earth and are difficult to negotiate in wet weather) (1990)
total: 23,100 km


paved: 18,226 km


unpaved: 4,874 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: 2%


highest 10%: 32% (1995) (1995)
Illicit drugs major transshipment zone for heroin and opiates from Afghanistan going to Russia and Western Europe; limited illicit cultivation of cannabis, mostly for domestic consumption -
Imports $782 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $8.9 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities electricity, petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs machinery and equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, food
Imports - partners Europe 32.3%, Uzbekistan 29%, Russia 13.6% (1998) France 30%, Italy 21%, Germany 11%, Spain 4%, Belgium (2000)
Independence 9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union) 20 March 1956 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate 10% (2000 est.) 5.2% (2001 est.)
Industries aluminum, zinc, lead, chemicals and fertilizers, cement, vegetable oil, metal-cutting machine tools, refrigerators and freezers petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages
Infant mortality rate 116.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 27.97 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 33% (2000 est.) 2.7% (2001 est.)
International organization participation AsDB, CCC, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECO, ESCAP, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Intelsat, IOC, IOM, ITU, OIC, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) ABEDA, ACCT, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, AMU, BSEC (observer), CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIPONUH, MONUC, NAM, OAS (observer), OAU, OIC, OPCW, OSCE (partner), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) NA 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 6,390 sq km (1993 est.) 3,800 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president) Court of Cassation or Cour de Cassation
Labor force 1.9 million (1996) 2.69 million


note: shortage of skilled labor
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 50%, industry 20%, services 30% (1997 est.) services 55%, industry 23%, agriculture 22% (1995 est.)
Land boundaries total:
3,651 km

border countries:
Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km
total: 1,424 km


border countries: Algeria 965 km, Libya 459 km
Land use arable land:
6%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
25%

forests and woodland:
4%

other:
65% (1993 est.)
arable land: 18.67%


permanent crops: 12.87%


other: 68.46% (1998 est.)
Languages Tajik (official), Russian widely used in government and business Arabic (official and one of the languages of commerce), French (commerce)
Legal system based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts based on French civil law system and Islamic law; some judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court in joint session
Legislative branch bicameral Supreme Assembly or Majlisi Oli consists of the Assembly of Representatives (lower chamber) or Majlisi Namoyandagon (63 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and National Assembly (upper chamber) or Majlisi Milliy (33 seats; members are indirectly elected, 25 selected by local deputies, 8 appointed by the president; all to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 27 February and 12 March 2000 for the Assembly of Representatives (next to be held NA 2005) and 23 March 2000 for the National Assembly (next to be held NA 2005)

election results:
Assembly of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDPT 65%, Communist Party 20%, Islamic Rebirth Party 7.5%, other 7.5%; seats by party - NA; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA
unicameral Chamber of Deputies or Majlis al-Nuwaab (182 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 24 October 1999 (next to be held NA 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - RCD 92%; seats by party - RCD 148, MDS 13, UDU 7, PUP 7, Al-Tajdid 5, PSL 2; note - reforms enabled opposition parties to win up to 20% of seats, increasing the number of seats they hold from 19 in the last election to 34 now
Life expectancy at birth total population:
64.18 years

male:
61.09 years

female:
67.42 years (2001 est.)
total population: 74.16 years


male: 72.56 years


female: 75.89 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
98%

male:
99%

female:
97% (1989 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 66.7%


male: 78.6%


female: 54.6% (1995 est.)
Location Central Asia, west of China Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Libya
Map references Commonwealth of Independent States Africa
Maritime claims none (landlocked) contiguous zone: 24 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine - total: 16 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 150,710 GRT/162,616 DWT


ships by type: bulk 2, cargo 4, chemical tanker 4, liquefied gas 1, petroleum tanker 1, short-sea passenger 3, specialized tanker 1 (2002 est.)
Military branches Army, Air Force, Air Defense Forces, Presidential National Guard, Security Forces (internal and border troops) Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary forces, National Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure $17 million (FY97) $356 million (FY99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.8% (FY97) 1.5% (FY99)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,586,700 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 2,806,881 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
1,300,252 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 1,597,565 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age 20 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
72,056 (2001 est.)
males: 105,146 (2002 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 9 September (1991) Independence Day, 20 March (1956)
Nationality noun:
Tajikistani(s)

adjective:
Tajikistani
noun: Tunisian(s)


adjective: Tunisian
Natural hazards NA NA
Natural resources hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold petroleum, phosphates, iron ore, lead, zinc, salt
Net migration rate -3.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -0.63 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines natural gas 400 km (1992) crude oil 797 km; petroleum products 86 km; natural gas 742 km
Political parties and leaders Congress of People's Unity of Tajikistan [Saiffidin TURAYEV]; Democratic Party or TDP [Mahmadruzi ISKANDAROV, chairman]; Islamic Rebirth Party [Muhammadsharif HIMMAT-ZODA, chairman]; Lali Badakhshan Movement [Atobek AMIRBEKOV]; National Movement Party [Hakim MUHHABATOV]; Party of Justice and Development [Rahmatullo ZOIROV]; People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan or PDPT [Emomali RAHMONOV]; Rastokhez (Rebirth) Movement [Tohiri ABDUJABBOR]; Socialist Party [Sherali KENJAEV]; Tajik Communist Party or CPT [Shodi SHABDOLOV]; Adolatho "Justice" Party [Abdurahmon KARIMOV, chairman] Al-Tajdid Movement [Adel CHAOUCH]; Constitutional Democratic Rally Party (Rassemblement Constitutionnel Democratique) or RCD [President Zine El Abidine BEN ALI (official ruling party)]; Liberal Social Party or PSL [Mounir BEJI]; Movement of Democratic Socialists or MDS [Khamis CHAMMARI]; Popular Unity Party or PUP [Mohamed Belhaj AMOR]; Unionist Democratic Union or UDU [Abderrahmane TLILI]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA the Islamic fundamentalist party, Al Nahda (Renaissance), is outlawed
Population 6,578,681 (July 2001 est.) 9,815,644 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line 80% (2000 est.) 6% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate 2.12% (2001 est.) 1.12% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors none Bizerte, Gabes, La Goulette, Sfax, Sousse, Tunis, Zarzis
Radio broadcast stations AM 9, FM 6, shortwave 5 (1998) AM 7, FM 20, shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios 1.291 million (1991) 2.06 million (1997)
Railways total:
480 km in common carrier service; does not include industrial lines (1990)
total: 2,168 km


standard gauge: 471 km 1.435-m gauge


narrow gauge: 1,687 km 1.000-m gauge


dual gauge: 10 km 1.000-m and 1.435-m gauges (three rails) (2001)
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, Shi'a Muslim 5% Muslim 98%, Christian 1%, Jewish and other 1%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.76 male(s)/female

total population:
0.99 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.97 male(s)/female


total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 20 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
poorly developed and not well maintained; many towns are not reached by the national network

domestic:
cable and microwave radio relay

international:
linked by cable and microwave radio relay to other CIS republics and by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; Dushanbe linked by Intelsat to international gateway switch in Ankara (Turkey); satellite earth stations - 1 Orbita and 2 Intelsat
general assessment: above the African average and continuing to be upgraded; key centers are Sfax, Sousse, Bizerte, and Tunis; Internet access available


domestic: trunk facilities consist of open-wire lines, coaxial cable, and microwave radio relay


international: 5 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Algeria and Libya; participant in Medarabtel; two international gateway digital switches
Telephones - main lines in use 363,000 (1997) 654,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 2,500 (1997) 50,000 (1998)
Television broadcast stations 0 (there are, however, repeaters that relay programs from Russia, Iran, and Turkey) (1997) 26 (plus 76 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain Pamir and Alay mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest mountains in north; hot, dry central plain; semiarid south merges into the Sahara
Total fertility rate 4.29 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.94 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 5.7% includes only officially registered unemployed; also large numbers of underemployed workers and unregistered unemployed people (December 1998) 15.6% (2000 est.)
Waterways none none
Sitemap: Compare countries listing (map site) | Country listing (map site)
Links: Add to favorites | Information about this website | Stats | Polityka prywatnosci
This page was generated in ##czas## s. Size this page: ##rozmiar_strony## kB.