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Compare Taiwan (2001) - Lithuania (2001)

Compare Taiwan (2001) z Lithuania (2001)

 Taiwan (2001)Lithuania (2001)
 TaiwanLithuania
Administrative divisions since in the past the authorities claimed to be the government of all China, the central administrative divisions include the provinces of Fu-chien (some 20 offshore islands of Fujian Province including Quemoy and Matsu) and Taiwan (the island of Taiwan and the Pescadores islands); note - the more commonly referenced administrative divisions are those of Taiwan Province - 16 counties (hsien, singular and plural), 5 municipalities* (shih, singular and plural), and 2 special municipalities** (chuan-shih, singular and plural); Chang-hua, Chia-i, Chia-i*, Chi-lung*, Hsin-chu, Hsin-chu*, Hua-lien, I-lan, Kao-hsiung, Kao-hsiung**, Miao-li, Nan-t'ou, P'eng-hu, P'ing-tung, T'ai-chung, T'ai-chung*, T'ai-nan, T'ai-nan*, T'ai-pei, T'ai-pei**, T'ai-tung, T'ao-yuan, and Yun-lin; the provincial capital is at Chung-hsing-hsin-ts'un

note:
Taiwan uses the Wade-Giles system for romanization
44 regions (rajonai, singular - rajonas) and 11 municipalities*: Akmenes Rajonas, Alytaus Rajonas, Alytus*, Anyksciu Rajonas, Birstonas*, Birzu Rajonas, Druskininkai*, Ignalinos Rajonas, Jonavos Rajonas, Joniskio Rajonas, Jurbarko Rajonas, Kaisiadoriu Rajonas, Kaunas*, Kauno Rajonas, Kedainiu Rajonas, Kelmes Rajonas, Klaipeda*, Klaipedos Rajonas, Kretingos Rajonas, Kupiskio Rajonas, Lazdiju Rajonas, Marijampole*, Marijampoles Rajonas, Mazeikiu Rajonas, Moletu Rajonas, Neringa* Pakruojo Rajonas, Palanga*, Panevezio Rajonas, Panevezys*, Pasvalio Rajonas, Plunges Rajonas, Prienu Rajonas, Radviliskio Rajonas, Raseiniu Rajonas, Rokiskio Rajonas, Sakiu Rajonas, Salcininku Rajonas, Siauliai*, Siauliu Rajonas, Silales Rajonas, Silutes Rajonas, Sirvintu Rajonas, Skuodo Rajonas, Svencioniu Rajonas, Taurages Rajonas, Telsiu Rajonas, Traku Rajonas, Ukmerges Rajonas, Utenos Rajonas, Varenos Rajonas, Vilkaviskio Rajonas, Vilniaus Rajonas, Vilnius*, Zarasu Rajonas
Age structure 0-14 years:
21.22% (male 2,470,270; female 2,276,108)

15-64 years:
69.97% (male 7,944,451; female 7,707,250)

65 years and over:
8.81% (male 1,034,230; female 938,152) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
18.75% (male 345,694; female 331,125)

15-64 years:
67.69% (male 1,181,119; female 1,262,872)

65 years and over:
13.56% (male 165,732; female 323,993) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, corn, vegetables, fruit, tea; pigs, poultry, beef, milk; fish grain, potatoes, sugar beets, flax, vegetables; beef, milk, eggs; fish
Airports 39 (2000 est.) 72 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
35

over 3,047 m:
8

2,438 to 3,047 m:
9

1,524 to 2,437 m:
8

914 to 1,523 m:
7

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total:
9

over 3,047 m:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
4

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
4

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total:
63

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
5

under 914 m:
55 (2000 est.)
Area total:
35,980 sq km

land:
32,260 sq km

water:
3,720 sq km

note:
includes the Pescadores, Matsu, and Quemoy
total:
65,200 sq km

land:
65,200 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maryland and Delaware combined slightly larger than West Virginia
Background In 1895, military defeat forced China to cede Taiwan to Japan, however it reverted to Chinese control after World War II. Following the communist victory on the mainland in 1949, 2 million Nationalists fled to Taiwan and established a government using the 1947 constitution drawn up for all of China. Over the next five decades, the ruling authorities gradually democratized and incorporated the native population within its governing structure. Throughout this period, the island has prospered to become one of East Asia's economic "Tigers." The dominant political issue continues to be the relationship between Taiwan and China and the question of eventual reunification. Independent between the two World Wars, Lithuania was annexed by the USSR in 1940. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but this proclamation was not generally recognized until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently has restructured its economy for eventual integration into Western European institutions.
Birth rate 14.31 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 10 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$42.74 billion

expenditures:
$48.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
revenues:
$1.5 billion

expenditures:
$1.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.)
Capital Taipei Vilnius
Climate tropical; marine; rainy season during southwest monsoon (June to August); cloudiness is persistent and extensive all year transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers
Coastline 1,566.3 km 99 km
Constitution 1 January 1947, amended in 1992, 1994, 1997, and 1999 adopted 25 October 1992
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Taiwan

local long form:
none

local short form:
T'ai-wan

former:
Formosa
conventional long form:
Republic of Lithuania

conventional short form:
Lithuania

local long form:
Lietuvos Respublika

local short form:
Lietuva

former:
Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
Currency new Taiwan dollar (TWD) litas (LTL)
Death rate 6 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 12.86 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $40 billion (2000) $2.5 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US none; unofficial commercial and cultural relations with the people on Taiwan are maintained through a private corporation, the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT), which has its headquarters in Rosslyn, Virginia (telephone: [1] (703) 525-8474 and FAX: [1] (703) 841-1385) and offices in Taipei at #7 Lane 134, Hsin Yi Road, Section 3, telephone [886] (2) 2709-2000, FAX [886] (2) 2702-7675, and in Kao-hsiung at #2 Chung Cheng 3rd Road, 5th Floor, telephone [886] (7) 224-0154 through 0157, FAX [886] (7) 223-8237, and the American Trade Center at Room 3208 International Trade Building, Taipei World Trade Center, 333 Keelung Road Section 1, Taipei 10548, telephone [886] (2) 2720-1550, FAX [886] (2) 2757-7162 chief of mission:
Ambassador John F. TEFFT

embassy:
Akmenu 6, 2600 Vilnius

mailing address:
American Embassy, Vilnius, PSC 78, Box V, APO AE 09723

telephone:
[370] (2) 223-031

FAX:
[370] (2) 227-236
Diplomatic representation in the US none; unofficial commercial and cultural relations with the people of the US are maintained through a private instrumentality, the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office (TECRO) in the US with headquarters in Taipei and field offices in Washington and 12 other US cities chief of mission:
Ambassador Vygaudas USACKAS

chancery:
2622 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

telephone:
[1] (202) 234-5860

FAX:
[1] (202) 328-0466

consulate(s) general:
Chicago and New York
Disputes - international involved in complex dispute over the Spratly Islands with China, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei; Paracel Islands occupied by China, but claimed by Vietnam and Taiwan; claims Japanese-administered Senkaku-shoto (Senkaku Islands/Diaoyu Tai), as does China Latvia has not ratified a 1998 maritime boundary agreement with Lithuania (primary concern is oil exploration rights); 1997 border agreement with Russia not yet ratified by Russia
Economic aid - recipient - $228.5 million (1995)
Economy - overview Taiwan has a dynamic capitalist economy with gradually decreasing guidance of investment and foreign trade by government authorities. In keeping with this trend, some large government-owned banks and industrial firms are being privatized. Real growth in GDP has averaged about 8% during the past three decades. Exports have grown even faster and have provided the primary impetus for industrialization. Inflation and unemployment are low; the trade surplus is substantial; and foreign reserves are the world's fourth largest. Agriculture contributes 3% to GDP, down from 35% in 1952. Traditional labor-intensive industries are steadily being moved offshore and replaced with more capital- and technology-intensive industries. Taiwan has become a major investor in China, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam. The tightening of labor markets has led to an influx of foreign workers, both legal and illegal. Because of its conservative financial approach and its entrepreneurial strengths, Taiwan suffered little compared with many of its neighbors from the Asian financial crisis in 1998-99. Growth in 2001 will depend largely on conditions in Taiwan's export markets and may be about 5%. Lithuania, the Baltic state that has conducted the most trade with Russia, has been slowly rebounding from the 1998 Russian financial crisis. High unemployment and weak consumption have held back recovery. GDP growth for 2000 - estimated at 2.9% - fell behind that of Estonia and Latvia, and unemployment is estimated at 10.8%, the country's highest since regaining independence in 1990. For 2001, Lithuanians forecast 3.2% growth, 1.8% inflation, and a fiscal deficit of 3.3%. In early 2001, the Lithuanian Government announced that it will repeg its currency, the litas, to the euro (the litas is currently pegged to the dollar) some time in 2002. Lithuania must ratify 25 agreements along with other legal documents and obligations by 1 May 2001 before gaining World Trade Organization membership. Lithuania was invited to the Helsinki summit in December 1999 and began EU accession talks in early 2000. Privatization of the large, state-owned utilities, particularly in the energy sector, remains a key challenge for 2001.
Electricity - consumption 129.899 billion kWh (1999) 9.817 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 3.2 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 400 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 139.676 billion kWh (1999) 13.567 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
67.26%

hydro:
6.32%

nuclear:
26.42%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
23.89%

hydro:
3.43%

nuclear:
72.68%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
South China Sea 0 m

highest point:
Yu Shan 3,997 m
lowest point:
Baltic Sea 0 m

highest point:
Juozapines/Kalnas 292 m
Environment - current issues air pollution; water pollution from industrial emissions, raw sewage; contamination of drinking water supplies; trade in endangered species; low-level radioactive waste disposal contamination of soil and groundwater with petroleum products and chemicals at military bases
Environment - international agreements party to:
none of the selected agreements

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups Taiwanese (including Hakka) 84%, mainland Chinese 14%, aborigine 2% Lithuanian 80.6%, Russian 8.7%, Polish 7%, Byelorussian 1.6%, other 2.1%
Exchange rates new Taiwan dollars per US dollar - 33.082 (yearend 2000), 31.395 (yearend 1999), 32.216 (1998), 32.052 (1997), 27.5 (1996) litai per US dollar - 4.000 (fixed rate since 1 May 1994); note - litai is the plural of litas
Executive branch chief of state:
President CHEN Shui-bien (20 May 2000) and Vice President Annette LU (since 20 May 2000)

head of government:
Premier (President of the Executive Yuan) CHANG Chun-hsiung (since NA October 2000) and Vice Premier (Vice President of the Executive Yuan) LAI In-jaw (since NA October 2000)

cabinet:
Executive Yuan appointed by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for four-year terms; election last held 18 March 2000 (next to be held NA March 2004); premier appointed by the president; vice premiers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the premier

election results:
CHEN Shui-bien elected president; percent of vote - CHEN Shui-bien (DPP) 39.3%, James SOONG (independent) 36.84%, LIEN Chan (KMT) 23.1%, HSU Hsin-liang (independent) 0.63%, LEE Ao (CNP) 0.13%
chief of state:
President Valdas ADAMKUS (since 26 February 1998)

head of government:
Premier Algirdas BRAZAUSKAS (since 3 July 2001)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the nomination of the premier

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 21 December 1997 and 4 January 1998 (next to be held NA 2002); premier appointed by the president on the approval of the Parliament

election results:
Valdas ADAMKUS elected president; percent of vote - Valdas ADAMKUS 50.4%, Arturas PAULAUSKAS 49.6%
Exports $148.38 billion (f.o.b., 2000) $3.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities machinery and electrical equipment 51%, metals, textiles, plastics, chemicals machinery and equipment 22%, mineral products 15%, chemicals 12%, textiles and clothing, foodstuffs (1999)
Exports - partners US 23.5%, Hong Kong 21.1%, Europe 16%, ASEAN 12.2%, Japan 11.2% (2000) Germany 15.8%, Latvia 12.6%, Russia 6.9%, Belarus 5.8%, Denmark (1999)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June (up to FY98/99); 1 July 1999 - 31 December 2000 for FY00; calendar year (after FY00) calendar year
Flag description red with a dark blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a white sun with 12 triangular rays three equal horizontal bands of yellow (top), green, and red
GDP purchasing power parity - $386 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $26.4 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
3%

industry:
33%

services:
64% (1999 est.)
agriculture:
10%

industry:
33%

services:
57% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $17,400 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $7,300 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 6.3% (2000 est.) 2.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 23 30 N, 121 00 E 56 00 N, 24 00 E
Heliports 3 (2000 est.) -
Highways total:
34,901 km

paved:
31,271 km (including 538 km of expressways)

unpaved:
3,630 km (1998 est.)
total:
44,000 km

paved:
35,500 km

unpaved:
8,500 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%:
3.1%

highest 10%:
25.6% (1996)
Illicit drugs transit point for heroin and methamphetamine; major problem with domestic consumption of methamphetamine and heroin transshipment point for opiates and other illicit drugs from Southwest Asia, Latin America, and Western Europe to Western Europe and Scandinavia; limited production of methamphetamine and ecstasy
Imports $140.01 billion (c.i.f., 2000) $4.9 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities machinery and electrical equipment 51%, minerals, precision instruments machinery and equipment 18%, mineral products 16%, chemicals 10%, textiles and clothing 10%, transport equipment 7% (1999)
Imports - partners Japan 27.5%, US 17.9%, Europe 13.6% (2000) Russia 20.4%, Germany 16.5%, Denmark 3.8%, Belarus 2.2%, Latvia 2% (1999)
Independence - 11 March 1990 (independence declared from Soviet Union); 6 September 1991 (Soviet Union recognizes Lithuania's independence)
Industrial production growth rate 8% (2000 est.) 2.3% (2000 est.)
Industries electronics, petroleum refining, chemicals, textiles, iron and steel, machinery, cement, food processing metal-cutting machine tools, electric motors, television sets, refrigerators and freezers, petroleum refining, shipbuilding (small ships), furniture making, textiles, food processing, fertilizers, agricultural machinery, optical equipment, electronic components, computers, amber
Infant mortality rate 6.93 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 14.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.3% (2000 est.) 1% (2000 est.)
International organization participation APEC, AsDB, BCIE, ICC, ICFTU, IFRCS, IOC, WCL, WTrO (observer) ACCT (observer), BIS, CBSS, CCC, CE, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNMIK, UPU, WCL, WEU (associate partner), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 8 (2000) 14 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 430 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Judicial Yuan (justices appointed by the president with the consent of the National Assembly; note - beginning in 2003, justices will be appointed by the president with the consent of the Legislative Yuan) Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts appointed by the Parliament
Labor force 9.8 million (2000 est.) 2 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation services 55%, industry 37%, agriculture 8% (1999 est.) industry 30%, agriculture 20%, services 50% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total:
1,273 km

border countries:
Belarus 502 km, Latvia 453 km, Poland 91 km, Russia (Kaliningrad) 227 km
Land use arable land:
24%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
5%

forests and woodland:
55%

other:
15%
arable land:
39%

permanent crops:
9%

permanent pastures:
6%

forests and woodland:
31%

other:
15% (2001 est.)
Languages Mandarin Chinese (official), Taiwanese (Min), Hakka dialects Lithuanian (official), Polish, Russian
Legal system based on civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations based on civil law system; no judicial review of legislative acts
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Yuan (225 seats - 168 elected by popular vote, 41 elected on the basis of the proportion of nationwide votes received by participating political parties, eight elected from overseas Chinese constituencies on the basis of the proportion of nationwide votes received by participating political parties, eight elected by popular vote among the aboriginal populations; members serve three-year terms) and unicameral National Assembly (300 seats, note - total number of seats has been reduced from 334 to 300 since the last election; members are elected by proportional representation based on the election of the Legislative Yuan and serve four-year terms)

elections:
Legislative Yuan - last held 5 December 1998 (next to be held NA December 2001); National Assembly - last held 23 March 1996 (next to be held NA June 2002)

election results:
Legislative Yuan - percent of vote by party - KMT 46%, DPP 29%, CNP 7%, independents 10%, other parties 8%; seats by party - KMT 123, DPP 70, CNP 11, independents 15, other parties 6; subsequent to the election there have been some changes in the distribution of seats in the Legislative Yuan due to new party formation and party defections, the new distribution is as follows - KMT 114, DPP 66, PFP 17, NP 9, other/independent 19; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - KMT 55%, DPP 30%, CNP 14%, other 1%; seats by party - KMT 183, DPP 99, CNP 46, other 6
unicameral Parliament or Seimas (141 seats, 71 members are directly elected by popular vote, 70 are elected by proportional representation; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 8 October 2000 (next to be held NA October 2004)

election results:
percent of vote by party - Social Democratic Coalition 31.1%, New Union/Social Liberals 19.6%, Liberal Union 17.2%, TS 8.6%, remaining parties all less than 5%; seats by party - Social Democratic Coalition 52, Liberal Union 34, New Union/Social Liberals 29, TS 9, Farmer's Party 4, Center Union 2, Poles' Electoral Action 2, Modern Christian Democratic Union 1, independents 3, others 5
Life expectancy at birth total population:
76.54 years

male:
73.81 years

female:
79.51 years (2001 est.)
total population:
69.25 years

male:
63.3 years

female:
75.5 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
86% (1980 est.); note - literacy for the total population has reportedly increased to 94% (1998 est.)

male:
93% (1980 est.)

female:
79% (1980 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
98%

male:
99%

female:
98% (1989 est.)
Location Eastern Asia, islands bordering the East China Sea, Philippine Sea, South China Sea, and Taiwan Strait, north of the Philippines, off the southeastern coast of China Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia
Map references Southeast Asia Europe
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total:
167 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,768,145 GRT/7,508,941 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 45, cargo 29, combination bulk 1, container 65, petroleum tanker 17, refrigerated cargo 8, roll on/roll off 2 (2000 est.)
total:
50 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 293,168 GRT/327,827 DWT

ships by type:
cargo 26, combination bulk 10, petroleum tanker 2, railcar carrier 1, refrigerated cargo 7, roll on/roll off 1, short-sea passenger 3 (2000 est.)
Military branches Army, Navy (includes Marines), Air Force, Coastal Patrol and Defense Command, Armed Forces Reserve Command, Combined Service Forces Ground Forces, Navy, Air and Air Defense Force, Security Forces (internal and border troops), National Guard (Skat)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $8.042 billion (FY98/99) $181 million (FY99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2.8% (FY98/99) 1.66% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
6,575,689 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
929,389 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
5,025,856 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49:
730,363 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age 19 years of age 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
198,766 (2001 est.)
males:
28,506 (2001 est.)
National holiday Republic Day (Anniversary of the Chinese Revolution), 10 October (1911) Independence Day, 16 February (1918); note - 16 February 1918 is the date of independence from German, Austrian, Prussian, and Russian occupation, 11 March 1990 is the date of independence from the Soviet Union
Nationality noun:
Chinese (singular and plural)

adjective:
Chinese
noun:
Lithuanian(s)

adjective:
Lithuanian
Natural hazards earthquakes and typhoons NA
Natural resources small deposits of coal, natural gas, limestone, marble, and asbestos peat, arable land
Net migration rate -0.34 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) 0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Pipelines petroleum products 3,400 km; natural gas 1,800 km (1999) crude oil, 105 km; natural gas 760 km (1992)
Political parties and leaders Chinese New Party or CNP [HAU Lang-bin]; Democratic Progressive Party or DPP [Frank HSIEH, chairman]; Kuomintang or KMT (Nationalist Party) [LIEN Chan, chairman]; New Party or NP [LI Ching-hwa]; People First Party or PFP [James SOONG, chairman]; other minor parties Christian Democratic Party or LKDP [Zigmas ZINKEVICIUS, chairman]; Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles [Valdemar TOMASZEVSKI, chairman]; Homeland Union/Conservative Party or TS [Vytautas LANDSBERGIS, chairman]; Lithuanian Center Union or LCS [Kestutis GLAVECKAS, chairman]; Lithuanian Farmer's Party or LUP [Ramunas KARBAUSKIS, chairman]; Lithuanian Liberal Union [Rolandas PAKSAS, chairman]; Lithuanian Social Democratic Coalition [Algirdas BRAZAUSKAS, chairman] consists of the Lithuanian Democratic Labor Party or LDDP, the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party or LSPD, and New Democracy; Modern Christian Democratic Union [Vytautas BOGUSIS, chairman]; New Union-Social Liberals [Arturas PAULAUSKAS, chairman]
Political pressure groups and leaders Taiwan independence movement, various business and environmental groups

note:
debate on Taiwan independence has become acceptable within the mainstream of domestic politics on Taiwan; political liberalization and the increased representation of opposition parties in Taiwan's legislature have opened public debate on the island's national identity; a broad popular consensus has developed that Taiwan currently enjoys de facto independence and - whatever the ultimate outcome regarding reunification or independence - that Taiwan's people must have the deciding voice; advocates of Taiwan independence oppose the stand that the island will eventually reunify with mainland China; goals of the Taiwan independence movement include establishing a sovereign nation on Taiwan and entering the UN; other organizations supporting Taiwan independence include the World United Formosans for Independence and the Organization for Taiwan Nation Building
NA
Population 22,370,461 (July 2001 est.) 3,610,535 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 1% (1999 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 0.8% (2001 est.) -0.27% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Chi-lung (Keelung), Hua-lien, Kao-hsiung, Su-ao, T'ai-chung Butinge, Kaunas, Klaipeda
Radio broadcast stations AM 218, FM 333, shortwave 50 (1999) AM 3, FM 112, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios 16 million (1994) 1.9 million (1997)
Railways total:
4,600 km (519 km electrified)

narrow gauge:
4,600 km 1.067-m

note:
only 1,108 km of route length (including the electrified part) is used in common carrier service by the Taiwan Railway Administration; the remaining 3,492 km is dedicated to industrial use (1999)
total:
2,002 km

broad gauge:
2,002 km 1.524-m gauge (122 km electrified) (1994)
Religions mixture of Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist 93%, Christian 4.5%, other 2.5% Roman Catholic (primarily), Lutheran, Russian Orthodox, Protestant, Evangelical Christian Baptist, Muslim, Jewish
Sex ratio at birth:
1.09 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.09 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.1 male(s)/female

total population:
1.05 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.94 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.51 male(s)/female

total population:
0.88 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 20 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
provides telecommunications service for every business and private need

domestic:
thoroughly modern; completely digitalized

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean); submarine cables to Japan (Okinawa), Philippines, Guam, Singapore, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Australia, Middle East, and Western Europe (1999)
general assessment:
inadequate, but is being modernized to provide an improved international capability and better residential access

domestic:
a national, fiber-optic cable, interurban, trunk system is nearing completion; rural exchanges are being improved and expanded; mobile cellular systems are being installed; access to the Internet is available; still many unsatisfied telephone subscriber applications

international:
landline connections to Latvia and Poland; major international connections to Denmark, Sweden, and Norway by submarine cable for further transmission by satellite
Telephones - main lines in use 12.49 million (September 2000) 1.048 million (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 16 million (September 2000) 297,500 (November 1998)
Television broadcast stations 29 (plus two repeaters) (1997) 20 (plus 30 repeaters) (1995)
Terrain eastern two-thirds mostly rugged mountains; flat to gently rolling plains in west lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil
Total fertility rate 1.76 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.37 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 3% (2000 est.) 10.8% (2000)
Waterways NA 600 km (perennially navigable)
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