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Compare Sweden (2004) - Botswana (2002)

Compare Sweden (2004) z Botswana (2002)

 Sweden (2004)Botswana (2002)
 SwedenBotswana
Administrative divisions 21 counties (lan, singular and plural); Blekinge, Dalarnas, Gavleborgs, Gotlands, Hallands, Jamtlands, Jonkopings, Kalmar, Kronobergs, Norrbottens, Orebro, Ostergotlands, Skane, Sodermanlands, Stockholms, Uppsala, Varmlands, Vasterbottens, Vasternorrlands, Vastmanlands, Vastra Gotalands 10 districts and four town councils*; Central, Chobe, Francistown*, Gaborone*, Ghanzi, Kgalagadi, Kgatleng, Kweneng, Lobatse*, Ngamiland, North-East, Selebi-Pikwe*, South-East, Southern
Age structure 0-14 years: 17.5% (male 807,193; female 762,882)


15-64 years: 65.2% (male 2,974,107; female 2,886,840)


65 years and over: 17.3% (male 668,719; female 886,659) (2004 est.)
0-14 years: 40% (male 319,988; female 316,961)


15-64 years: 55.8% (male 428,638; female 458,777)


65 years and over: 4.2% (male 26,965; female 39,903) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products barley, wheat, sugar beets; meat, milk livestock, sorghum, maize, millet, beans, sunflowers, groundnuts
Airports 255 (2003 est.) 92 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total: 154


over 3,047 m: 3


2,438 to 3,047 m: 12


1,524 to 2,437 m: 82


914 to 1,523 m: 22


under 914 m: 35 (2004 est.)
total: 10


2,438 to 3,047 m: 2


1,524 to 2,437 m: 7


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 100


914 to 1,523 m: 10


under 914 m: 90 (2004 est.)
total: 76


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 55


under 914 m: 18 (2002)
Area total: 449,964 sq km


land: 410,934 sq km


water: 39,030 sq km
total: 600,370 sq km


land: 585,370 sq km


water: 15,000 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than California slightly smaller than Texas
Background A military power during the 17th century, Sweden has not participated in any war in almost two centuries. An armed neutrality was preserved in both World Wars. Sweden's long-successful economic formula of a capitalist system interlarded with substantial welfare elements was challenged in the 1990s by high unemployment and in 2000-02 by the global economic downturn, but fiscal discipline over the past several years has allowed the country to weather economic vagaries. Indecision over the country's role in the political and economic integration of Europe delayed Sweden's entry into the EU until 1995, and waived the introduction of the euro in 1999. Formerly the British protectorate of Bechuanaland, Botswana adopted its new name upon independence in 1966. The economy, one of the most robust on the continent, is dominated by diamond mining.
Birth rate 10.46 births/1,000 population (2004 est.) 28.04 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues: $177.7 billion


expenditures: $176.9 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2003 est.)
revenues: $2.3 billion


expenditures: $2.4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (FY01/02 )
Capital Stockholm Gaborone
Climate temperate in south with cold, cloudy winters and cool, partly cloudy summers; subarctic in north semiarid; warm winters and hot summers
Coastline 3,218 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 1 January 1975 March 1965, effective 30 September 1966
Country name conventional long form: Kingdom of Sweden


conventional short form: Sweden


local long form: Konungariket Sverige


local short form: Sverige
conventional long form: Republic of Botswana


conventional short form: Botswana


former: Bechuanaland
Currency Swedish krona (SEK) pula (BWP)
Death rate 10.38 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) 26.26 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $66.5 billion (1994) $325 million (2001)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador M. Teel BIVINS


embassy: Dag Hammarskjolds VAG 31, SE-11589 Stockholm


mailing address: American Embassy Stockholm, Department of State, 5750 Stockholm Place, Washington, DC 20521-5750 (pouch)


telephone: [46] (08) 783 53 00


FAX: [46] (08) 661 19 64
chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph HUGGING


embassy: address NA, Gaborone


mailing address: Embassy Enclave, P. O. Box 90, Gaborone


telephone: [267] 353982


FAX: [267] 312782
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Jan ELIASSON


chancery: 1501 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20005-1702


telephone: [1] (202) 467-2600


FAX: [1] (202) 467-2699


consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York
chief of mission: Ambassador Kgosi SEEPAPITSO IV


chancery: 1531-1533 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 244-4990


FAX: [1] (202) 244-4164
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - donor ODA, $1.7 billion (1997) -
Economic aid - recipient - $73 million (1995) (1995)
Economy - overview Aided by peace and neutrality for the whole 20th century, Sweden has achieved an enviable standard of living under a mixed system of high-tech capitalism and extensive welfare benefits. It has a modern distribution system, excellent internal and external communications, and a skilled labor force. Timber, hydropower, and iron ore constitute the resource base of an economy heavily oriented toward foreign trade. Privately owned firms account for about 90% of industrial output, of which the engineering sector accounts for 50% of output and exports. Agriculture accounts for only 2% of GDP and 2% of the jobs. The government's commitment to fiscal discipline resulted in a substantial budgetary surplus in 2001, which was cut by more than half in 2002, due to the global economic slowdown, declining revenue, and increased spending. The Swedish central bank (the Riksbank) is focusing on price stability with its inflation target of 2%. Growth remained sluggish in 2003. On September 14, 2003, Swedish voters turned down entry into the euro system, concerned about the impact on democracy and sovereignty. Botswana has maintained one of the world's highest growth rates since independence in 1966. Through fiscal discipline and sound management, Botswana has transformed itself from one of the poorest countries in the world to a middle-income country with a per capita GDP of $7,800 in 2001. Two major investment services rank Botswana as the best credit risk in Africa. Diamond mining has fueled much of expansion and currently accounts for more than one-third of GDP and for four-fifths of export earnings. Tourism, subsistence farming, and cattle raising are other key sectors. On the downside, the government must deal with high rates of unemployment and poverty. Unemployment officially is 21%, but unofficial estimates place it closer to 40%. HIV/AIDS infection rates are the highest in the world and threaten Botswana's impressive economic gains.
Electricity - consumption 134.9 billion kWh (2001) 1.451 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 18.45 billion kWh (2001) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 11.14 billion kWh (2001) 986 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 152.9 billion kWh (2001) 500 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point: reclaimed bay of Lake Hammarsjon, near Kristianstad -2.41 m


highest point: Kebnekaise 2,111 m
lowest point: junction of the Limpopo and Shashe Rivers 513 m


highest point: Tsodilo Hills 1,489 m
Environment - current issues acid rain damage to soils and lakes; pollution of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea overgrazing; desertification; limited fresh water resources
Environment - international agreements party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups indigenous population: Swedes and Finnish and Sami minorities; foreign-born or first-generation immigrants: Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks, Turks Tswana (or Setswana) 79%, Kalanga 11%, Basarwa 3%, other, including Kgalagadi and white 7%
Exchange rates Swedish kronor per US dollar - 8.0853 (2003), 9.7371 (2002), 10.3291 (2001), 9.1622 (2000), 8.2624 (1999) pulas per US dollar - 6.8353 (January 2002), 5.8412 (2001), 5.1018 (2000), 4.6244 (1999), 4.2259 (1998), 3.6508 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state: King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 19 September 1973); Heir Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree, daughter of the monarch (born 14 July 1977)


head of government: Prime Minister Goran PERSSON (since 21 March 1996)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister


elections: the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the prime minister is elected by the Parliament; election last held 15 September 2002 (next to be held NA September 2006)


election results: Goran PERSSON reelected prime minister with 131 out of 349 votes
chief of state: President Festus MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since 13 July 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Festus MOGAE (since 1 April 1998) and Vice President Seretse Ian KHAMA (since 13 July 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president


elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term; election last held 16 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2004); vice president appointed by the president


election results: Festus MOGAE elected president; percent of National Assembly vote - 54.3%
Exports 203,700 bbl/day (2001) $2.5 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities machinery 35%, motor vehicles, paper products, pulp and wood, iron and steel products, chemicals diamonds 80%, copper, nickel, soda ash, meat, textiles (2001)
Exports - partners US 11.5%, Germany 10%, Norway 8.4%, UK 7.8%, Denmark 6.4%, Finland 5.7%, Netherlands 4.9%, France 4.9%, Belgium 4.5% (2003) EFTA 85%, Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 10%, Zimbabwe 2% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 April - 31 March
Flag description blue with a golden yellow cross extending to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) light blue with a horizontal white-edged black stripe in the center
GDP purchasing power parity - $238.3 billion (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $12.4 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 2%


industry: 29%


services: 69% (2001)
agriculture: 4%


industry: 44% (including 36% mining)


services: 52% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $26,800 (2003 est.) purchasing power parity - $7,800 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 1.7% (2003 est.) 4.7% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 62 00 N, 15 00 E 22 00 S, 24 00 E
Geography - note strategic location along Danish Straits linking Baltic and North Seas landlocked; population concentrated in eastern part of the country
Heliports 2 (2003 est.) -
Highways total: 212,402 km


paved: 166,523 km (including 1,499 km of expressways)


unpaved: 45,879 km (2000)
total: 10,217 km


paved: 5,620 km


unpaved: 4,597 km (1999)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 3.7%


highest 10%: 20.1% (1992)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports 553,100 bbl/day (2001) $2.1 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery, petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, motor vehicles, iron and steel; foodstuffs, clothing foodstuffs, machinery, electrical goods, transport equipment, textiles, fuel and petroleum products, wood and paper products, metal and metal products (2000)
Imports - partners Germany 18.7%, Denmark 9%, UK 8%, Norway 8%, Netherlands 6.8%, Finland 5.6%, France 5.5%, Belgium 4.2% (2003) Southern African Customs Union (SACU) 77%, EFTA 9%, Zimbabwe 4% (1999)
Independence 6 June 1523 (Gustav VASA elected king) 30 September 1966 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 1.9% (2003 est.) 2.4% (2001 est.)
Industries iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed foods, motor vehicles diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock processing; textiles
Infant mortality rate total: 2.77 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 2.93 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 2.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
64.72 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1.9% (2003 est.) 6.6% (2001 est.)
International organization participation AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 6, G- 9, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MONUC, NAM (guest), NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNMEE, UNMIK, UNMIL, UNMISET, UNMOGIP, UNOMIG, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (observer), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 11 (2001)
Irrigated land 1,150 sq km (1998 est.) 10 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Hogsta Domstolen (judges are appointed by the prime minister and the cabinet) High Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrates' Courts (one in each district)
Labor force 4.449 million (2003 est.) 264,000 formal sector employees (2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 2%, industry 24%, services 74% (2000 est.) NA
Land boundaries total: 2,233 km


border countries: Finland 614 km, Norway 1,619 km
total: 4,013 km


border countries: Namibia 1,360 km, South Africa 1,840 km, Zimbabwe 813 km
Land use arable land: 6.54%


permanent crops: 0.01%


other: 93.45% (2001)
arable land: 0.61%


permanent crops: 0.01%


other: 99.38% (1998 est.)
Languages Swedish


note: small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities
English (official), Setswana
Legal system civil law system influenced by customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations based on Roman-Dutch law and local customary law; judicial review limited to matters of interpretation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament or Riksdag (349 seats; members are elected by popular vote on a proportional representation basis to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 15 September 2002 (next to be held NA September 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - Social Democrats 39.8%, Moderates 15.2%, Liberal Party 13.3%, Christian Democrats 9.1%, Left Party 8.3%, Center Party 6.1%, Greens 4.6%; seats by party - Social Democrats 144, Moderates 55, Liberal Party 48, Christian Democrats 33, Left Party 30, Center Party 22, Greens 17
bicameral Parliament consists of the House of Chiefs (a largely advisory 15-member body consisting of the chiefs of the eight principal tribes, four elected subchiefs, and three members selected by the other 12 members) and the National Assembly (44 seats, 40 members are directly elected by popular vote and 4 are appointed by the majority party; members serve five-year terms)


elections: National Assembly elections last held 16 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2004)


election results: percent of vote by party - BDP 54.3%, BNF 24.7%, other 21%; seats by party - BDP 33, BNF 6, other 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 80.3 years


male: 78.12 years


female: 82.62 years (2004 est.)
total population: 35.29 years


male: 35.15 years


female: 35.43 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 99% (1979 est.)


male: NA


female: NA
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 69.8%


male: 80.5%


female: 59.9% (1995 est.)
Location Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, Kattegat, and Skagerrak, between Finland and Norway Southern Africa, north of South Africa
Map references Europe Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm (adjustments made to return a portion of straits to high seas)


exclusive economic zone: agreed boundaries or midlines


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total: 178 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 2,702,763 GRT/1,884,570 DWT


by type: bulk 7, cargo 36, chemical tanker 31, combination bulk 1, combination ore/oil 1, petroleum tanker 25, roll on/roll off 39, short-sea/passenger 8, specialized tanker 7, vehicle carrier 23


foreign-owned: Denmark 12, Finland 10, Germany 3, Italy 7, Japan 2, Netherlands 1, Norway 12, Russia 1


registered in other countries: 154 (2004 est.)
-
Military branches Army, Royal Navy, Air Force (Flygvapnet) Botswana Defense Force (including Army and Air Wing), Botswana National Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure $4.395 billion (FY01) $135 million (FY01/02)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2.1% (FY01) 3.5% (FY01/02)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 2,082,776 (2004 est.) males age 15-49: 384,888 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 1,821,394 (2004 est.) males age 15-49: 202,685 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males: 56,859 (2004 est.) males: 19,479 (2002 est.)
National holiday Flag Day, 6 June Independence Day (Botswana Day), 30 September (1966)
Nationality noun: Swede(s)


adjective: Swedish
noun: Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)


adjective: Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)
Natural hazards ice floes in the surrounding waters, especially in the Gulf of Bothnia, can interfere with maritime traffic periodic droughts; seasonal August winds blow from the west, carrying sand and dust across the country, which can obscure visibility
Natural resources iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, gold, silver, tungsten, uranium, arsenic, feldspar, timber, hydropower diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash, coal, iron ore, silver
Net migration rate 1.67 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines gas 798 km (2004) -
Political parties and leaders Center Party [Maud OLOFSSON]; Christian Democratic Party [Goran HAGGLUND]; Green Party [no formal leader but party spokespersons are Maria WETTERSTRAND and Peter ERIKSSON]; Left Party or V (formerly Communist) [Lars OHLY]; Liberal People's Party [Lars LEIJONBORG]; Moderate Party (conservative) [Fredrik REINFELDT]; Social Democratic Party [Goran PERSSON] Botswana Democratic Party or BDP [Festus MOGAE]; Botswana National Front or BNF [Otswoletse MOUPO]; Botswana Congress Party or BCP [Mokgweetsi KGOSIPULA]; Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO]


note: a number of minor parties joined forces in 1999 to form the BAM but did not capture any parliamentary seats; the BAM parties are: the United Action Party [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO], the Independence Freedom Party or IFP [Motsamai MPHO], and the Botswana Progressive Union [D. K. KWELE]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 8,986,400 (July 2004 est.) 1,591,232


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line NA 47% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate 0.18% (2004 est.) 0.18% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Gavle, Goteborg, Halmstad, Helsingborg, Hudiksvall, Kalmar, Karlshamn, Lulea, Malmo, Solvesborg, Stockholm, Sundsvall none
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 265, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 8, FM 13, shortwave 4 (2001)
Radios - 252,720 (2000)
Railways total: 11,481 km


standard gauge: 11,481 km 1.435-m gauge (7,527 km electrified) (2003)
total: 888 km


narrow gauge: 888 km 1.067-m gauge (2000 est.)
Religions Lutheran 87%, Roman Catholic, Orthodox, Baptist, Muslim, Jewish, Buddhist indigenous beliefs 85%, Christian 15%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female


total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: excellent domestic and international facilities; automatic system


domestic: coaxial and multiconductor cables carry most of the voice traffic; parallel microwave radio relay systems carry some additional telephone channels


international: country code - 46; 5 submarine coaxial cables; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Sweden shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Norway)
general assessment: the system is expanding with the growth of mobile cellular service and participation in regional development


domestic: small system of open-wire lines, microwave radio relay links, and a few radiotelephone communication stations; mobile cellular service is growing fast


international: two international exchanges; digital microwave radio relay links to Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and South Africa; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 6,579,200 (2002) 131,000 (September 2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular 7.949 million (2002) 270,000 (September 2001)
Television broadcast stations 169 (plus 1,299 repeaters) (1995) 1 (2001)
Terrain mostly flat or gently rolling lowlands; mountains in west predominantly flat to gently rolling tableland; Kalahari Desert in southwest
Total fertility rate 1.66 children born/woman (2004 est.) 3.6 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 4.9% (2003 est.) 40% (official rate is 21%) (2001 est.)
Waterways - none
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