Compare Reunion (2006) - Martinique (2005)

Compare Reunion (2006) z Martinique (2005)

	Reunion (2006)	Martinique (2005)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons	none (overseas department of France)
Age structure	0-14 years: 29.8% (male 120,147/female 114,589) 15-64 years: 64% (male 248,895/female 255,156) 65 years and over: 6.2% (male 19,847/female 28,950) (2006 est.)	0-14 years: 22.4% (male 49,112/female 47,697) 15-64 years: 67.2% (male 145,531/female 145,250) 65 years and over: 10.5% (male 20,423/female 24,887) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn	pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane
Airports	2 (2006)	2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2006)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 2,517 sq km land: 2,507 sq km water: 10 sq km	total: 1,100 sq km land: 1,060 sq km water: 40 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Rhode Island	slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration, supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians, gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route.	Colonized by France in 1635, the island has subsequently remained a French possession except for three brief periods of foreign occupation.
Birth rate	18.9 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	14.14 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $554.7 million expenditures: $554.7 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (1998)	revenues: $900 million expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $140 million (1996)
Capital	name: Saint-Denis geographic coordinates: 20 52 S, 55 28 E time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Fort-de-France
Climate	tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry (May to November), hot and rainy (November to April)	tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid
Coastline	207 km	350 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Department of Reunion conventional short form: Reunion local long form: none local short form: Ile de la Reunion former: Bourbon Island	conventional long form: Department of Martinique conventional short form: Martinique local long form: Departement de la Martinique local short form: Martinique
Death rate	5.49 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)	6.44 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$180 million (1994)
Dependency status	overseas department of France	overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France (2001 est.)	NA; note - substantial annual aid from France (1998)
Economy - overview	The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, but services now dominate. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrated the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France.	The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism, which employs more than 11,000 people, has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange.
Electricity - consumption	1.107 billion kWh (2003)	1.095 billion kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2003)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2003)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	1.19 billion kWh (2003)	1.178 billion kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Montagne Pelee 1,397 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian	African and African-white-Indian mixture 90%, white 5%, East Indian, Chinese less than 5%
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)	euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Pierre-Henry MACCIONI (since 28 August 2006) head of government: President of the General Council Nassimah DINDAR (since NA March 2004) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995); Prefect Yves DASSONVILLE (since 14 January 2004); note - took office 8 February 2004 head of government: President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992); President of the Regional Council Alfred MARIE-JEANNE (since NA March 1998) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
Exports	NA bbl/day	NA
Exports - commodities	sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%	refined petroleum products, bananas, rum, pineapples (2001 est.)
Exports - partners	France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (2004)	France 45%, Guadeloupe 28% (2000)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	unofficial, local flag designed to emphasize solidarity among the people of Reunion; the field is divided vertically with three narrow stripes of blue, white, and red along the hoist edge representing the French national flag; the remainder of the field is divided diagonally into four triangles colored (clockwise from the hoist side) blue, golden yellow, red, and green; in the center, the apexes of the triangles are surmounted by a white disk; the only official flag is the national flag of France	a light blue background is divided into four quadrants by a white cross; in the center of each rectangle is a white snake; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 8% industry: 19% services: 73% (2000 est.)	agriculture: 6% industry: 11% services: 83% (1997 est.)
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $14,400 (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2.5% (2005 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	21 06 S, 55 36 E	14 40 N, 61 00 W
Geography - note	this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean	the island is dominated by Mount Pelee, which on 8 May 1902 erupted and completely destroyed the city of Saint Pierre, killing 30,000 inhabitants
Highways	-	total: 2,105 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe
Imports	NA bbl/day	NA
Imports - commodities	manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products	petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods
Imports - partners	France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (2004)	France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3% (2000)
Independence	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction	construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.63 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.37 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.85 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)	total: 7.09 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.73 deaths/1,000 live births female: 9.51 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	3.9% (1990)
International organization participation	InOC, UPU, WFTU	UPU, WCL, WFTU
Irrigated land	120 sq km (2003)	30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel
Labor force	299,000 (2002)	165,900 (1998)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 13% industry: 12% services: 75% (2000)	agriculture 10%, industry 17%, services 73% (1997)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 13.94% permanent crops: 1.59% other: 84.47% (2005)	arable land: 10.38% permanent crops: 9.43% other: 80.19% (2001)
Languages	French (official), Creole widely used	French, Creole patois
Legal system	French law	French legal system
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA); Regional Council - last held 28 March 2004 (next to be held in 2010) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council (second round) - percent of vote by party - PCR 44.9%, UMP 32.8%, PS-Greens 22.3%; seats by party - PCR 27, UMP 11, PS-Greens 7 note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held in 2001 (next to be held in 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PRC 1, UDF 1, UMP 1; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held in 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 3, PS 1, independent 1	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Assembly or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Assembly - last held on 28 March 2004 (next to be held by March 2010) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - left-wing candidates 13, PPM 11, RPR 6, right-wing candidates 5, PCM 3, UDF 3, PMS 2, independents 2; note - the PPM won a plurality; Regional Assembly (second round) - percent of vote by party - MIM 53.8%, PPM 30.6%; seats by party - MIM 28, PPM 9, other 4 note: Martinique elects 2 seats to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 2001 (next to be held September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPM 2; Martinique also elects 4 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held not later than June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, PS 1, MIM 1, left-wing candidate 1 (candidacy of the left-wing candidate was found invalid by the Constitutional Council; new elections will be called)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 74.18 years male: 70.78 years female: 77.75 years (2006 est.)	total population: 79.04 years male: 79.43 years female: 78.64 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 88.9% male: 87% female: 90.8% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97.7% male: 97.4% female: 98.1% (2003 est.)
Location	Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar	Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Map references	World	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	registered in other countries: 1 (Bahamas 1) (2006)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie) (2005)	no regular military forces; Gendarmerie
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Reunionese (singular and plural) adjective: Reunionese	noun: Martiniquais (singular and plural) adjective: Martiniquais
Natural hazards	periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano	hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years)
Natural resources	fish, arable land, hydropower	coastal scenery and beaches, cultivable land
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	-0.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Elie HOARAU]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Michel VERGOZ]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP	Martinique Communist Party or PCM [Georges ERICHOT]; Martinique Independence Movement or MIM [Alfred MARIE-JEANNE]; Martinique Progressive Party or PPM [Pierre SUEDILE]; Martinique Socialist Party or PMS [Ernest WAN-AJOUHU]; Movement of Democrats and Ecologists for a Sovereign Martinique or Modemas [Garcin MALSA]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Michel CHARLONE]; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe PIERRE-CHARLES]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Jean MAREN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP
Population	787,584 (July 2006 est.)	432,900 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.34% (2006 est.)	0.76% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Fort-de-France, La Trinite, Marin
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001)	AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995)	Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 10.5%, Muslim 0.5%, Hindu 0.5%, other 3.5% (1997)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2006 est.)	at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis domestic: modern open-wire and microwave radio relay network international: country code - 262; radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC/SAFE) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia	general assessment: domestic facilities are adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 596; microwave radio relay to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	300,000 (2001)	172,000 est (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	579,200 (2004)	319,900 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001)	11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast	mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano
Total fertility rate	2.45 children born/woman (2006 est.)	1.79 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	31% (2002)	27.2% (1998)

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