Compare Reunion (2003) - Reunion (2003)

Compare Reunion (2003) z Reunion (2003)

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	Reunion (2003)	Reunion (2003)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons	none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons
Age structure	0-14 years: 31.3% (male 121,119; female 115,501) 15-64 years: 62.8% (male 233,607; female 240,502) 65 years and over: 5.9% (male 18,036; female 26,406) (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 31.3% (male 121,119; female 115,501) 15-64 years: 62.8% (male 233,607; female 240,502) 65 years and over: 5.9% (male 18,036; female 26,406) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn	sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn
Airports	2 (2002)	2 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Area	total: 2,517 sq km land: 2,507 sq km water: 10 sq km	total: 2,517 sq km land: 2,507 sq km water: 10 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Rhode Island	slightly smaller than Rhode Island
Background	The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration, supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians, gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route.	The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration, supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians, gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route.
Birth rate	20.17 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	20.17 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $1.26 billion expenditures: $2.62 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998)	revenues: $1.26 billion expenditures: $2.62 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998)
Capital	Saint-Denis	Saint-Denis
Climate	tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April	tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April
Coastline	207 km	207 km
Constitution	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Department of Reunion conventional short form: Reunion local long form: none local short form: Ile de la Reunion former: Bourbon Island	conventional long form: Department of Reunion conventional short form: Reunion local long form: none local short form: Ile de la Reunion former: Bourbon Island
Currency	euro (EUR)	euro (EUR)
Death rate	5.49 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	5.49 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$NA
Dependency status	overseas department of France	overseas department of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas department of France)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France	$NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France
Economy - overview	The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, but services now dominate. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France.	The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, but services now dominate. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France.
Electricity - consumption	1.005 billion kWh (2001)	1.005 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	1.08 billion kWh (2001)	1.08 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 55.5% hydro: 44.5% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	fossil fuel: 55.5% hydro: 44.5% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian	French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 1.06 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998)	euros per US dollar - 1.06 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Gonthier FRIEDERICI (since NA) head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Gonthier FRIEDERICI (since NA) head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993)	sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993)
Exports - partners	France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (2000)	France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (2000)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of France is used	the flag of France is used
GDP	purchasing power parity - $4.174 billion (1999 est.)	purchasing power parity - $4.174 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 8% industry: 19% services: 73% (2000 est.)	agriculture: 8% industry: 19% services: 73% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $5,600 (2002 est.)	purchasing power parity - $5,600 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	2.5% (2002 est.)	2.5% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	21 06 S, 55 36 E	21 06 S, 55 36 E
Geography - note	this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean	this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean
Highways	total: 2,724 km paved: 1,300 km (including 73 km of four-lane road) unpaved: 1,424 km (1994)	total: 2,724 km paved: 1,300 km (including 73 km of four-lane road) unpaved: 1,424 km (1994)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products	manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products
Imports - partners	France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (2000)	France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (2000)
Independence	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas department of France)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction	sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction
Infant mortality rate	total: 8.13 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.89 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)	total: 8.13 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.89 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	NA%
International organization participation	FZ, InOC, WFTU	FZ, InOC, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	120 sq km (1998 est.)	120 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel
Labor force	309,900 (2000)	309,900 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 13%, industry 12%, services 75% (2000)	agriculture 13%, industry 12%, services 75% (2000)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 13.2% permanent crops: 2% other: 84.8% (1998 est.)	arable land: 13.2% permanent crops: 2% other: 84.8% (1998 est.)
Languages	French (official), Creole widely used	French (official), Creole widely used
Legal system	French law	French law
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 19, UDF 9, RPR 8, various right-wing candidates 4, various left-wing candidates 5 note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1	unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PCR 19, UDF 9, RPR 8, various right-wing candidates 4, various left-wing candidates 5 note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 73.43 years male: 70.03 years female: 77 years (2003 est.)	total population: 73.43 years male: 70.03 years female: 77 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 88.9% male: 87% female: 90.8% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 88.9% male: 87% female: 90.8% (2003 est.)
Location	Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar	Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar
Map references	World	World
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie)	no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (including Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie)
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 198,341 (2003 est.)	males age 15-49: 198,341 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 101,116 (2003 est.)	males age 15-49: 101,116 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - military age	18 years of age (2003 est.)	18 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 6,795 (2003 est.)	males: 6,795 (2003 est.)
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Reunionese (singular and plural) adjective: Reunionese	noun: Reunionese (singular and plural) adjective: Reunionese
Natural hazards	periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano	periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano
Natural resources	fish, arable land, hydropower	fish, arable land, hydropower
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]	Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	755,171 (July 2003 est.)	755,171 (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.47% (2003 est.)	1.47% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	Le Port, Pointe des Galets	Le Port, Pointe des Galets
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001)	AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001)
Railways	0 km	0 km
Religions	Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995)	Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis domestic: modern open-wire and microwave radio relay network international: radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)	general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis domestic: modern open-wire and microwave radio relay network international: radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	268,500 (1999)	268,500 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular	197,000 (September 2000)	197,000 (September 2000)
Television broadcast stations	35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001)	35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001)
Terrain	mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast	mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast
Total fertility rate	2.53 children born/woman (2003 est.)	2.53 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	36% (1999 est.)	36% (1999 est.)
Waterways	none	none

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