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Compare Qatar (2005) - Qatar (2002)
Compare Qatar (2005) z Qatar (2002)
Show only differences
Show only differences
| Qatar (2005) | Qatar (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 10 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Sa'id, Umm Salal | 9 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Salal |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 23.7% (male 104,453/female 100,295)
15-64 years: 72.9% (male 437,118/female 191,830) 65 years and over: 3.4% (male 21,599/female 7,756) (2005 est.) |
0-14 years: 25.2% (male 102,110; female 98,053)
15-64 years: 72.1% (male 403,508; female 168,428) 65 years and over: 2.7% (male 15,299; female 5,943) (2002 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish | fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish |
| Airports | 4 (2004 est.) | 4 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 2
over 3,047 m: 2 (2004 est.) |
total: 2
over 3,047 m: 2 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
total: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2002) |
| Area | total: 11,437 sq km
land: 11,437 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 11,437 sq km
land: 11,437 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Connecticut | slightly smaller than Connecticut |
| Background | Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the amir, who had ruled the country since 1972. His son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, overthrew him in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Oil and natural gas revenues enable Qatar to have one of the highest per capita incomes in the world. | Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the amir who had ruled the country since 1972. He was overthrown by his son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Oil and natural gas revenues enable Qatar to have a per capita income not far below the leading industrial countries of Western Europe. |
| Birth rate | 15.54 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) | 15.78 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $10.17 billion
expenditures: $7.61 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.2 billion (2004 est.) |
revenues: $5 billion
expenditures: $4.8 billion, including capital expenditures of $900 million (FY01/02 est. ) |
| Capital | Doha | Doha |
| Climate | arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers | arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers |
| Coastline | 563 km | 563 km |
| Constitution | ratified by public referendum on 29 April 2003, endorsed by the Emir on 8 June 2004, effective on 9 June 2005 | provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999 Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent constitution |
| Country name | conventional long form: State of Qatar
conventional short form: Qatar local long form: Dawlat Qatar local short form: Qatar note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar |
conventional long form: State of Qatar
conventional short form: Qatar local long form: Dawlat Qatar local short form: Qatar note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar |
| Currency | - | Qatari rial (QAR) |
| Death rate | 4.61 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) | 4.34 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Debt - external | $18.62 billion (2004 est.) | $13.1 billion (2000 est.) |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Chase UNTERMEYER
embassy: Al-Luqta District, 22 February Road, Doha mailing address: P. O. Box 2399, Doha telephone: [974] 488 4101 FAX: [974] 488 4298 |
chief of mission: Ambassador Maureen E. QUINN
embassy: Al-Luqtas District, 22 February Road, Doha mailing address: P. O. Box 2399, Doha telephone: [974] 488 4101 FAX: [974] 488 4298 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Nasir bin Hamad bin Mubarak al-KHALIFA
chancery: 4200 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600 and 274-1603 FAX: [1] (202) 237-0061 consulate(s) general: Houston |
chief of mission: Ambassador Badr Umar al-DAFA
chancery: 4200 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600 FAX: [1] (202) 237-0061 consulate(s) general: Houston |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | NA | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Oil and gas account for more than 55% of GDP, roughly 85% of export earnings, and 70% of government revenues. Oil and gas have given Qatar a per capita GDP about 80% of that of the leading West European industrial countries. Proved oil reserves of 16 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for 23 years. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 14 trillion cubic meters, more than 5% of the world total and third largest in the world. Long-term goals feature the development of offshore natural gas reserves to offset the ultimate decline in oil production. In recent years, Qatar has consistently posted trade surpluses largely because of high oil prices and increased natural gas exports, becoming one of the world's fastest growing and highest per-capita income countries. | Oil accounts for more than 30% of GDP, roughly 80% of export earnings, and 58% of government revenues. Proved oil reserves of 3.7 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for 23 years. Oil has given Qatar a per capita GDP comparable to that of the leading West European industrial countries. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 7 trillion cubic meters, more than 5% of the world total, third largest in the world. Production and export of natural gas are becoming increasingly important. Long-term goals feature the development of offshore natural gas reserves. In 2000, Qatar posted its highest ever trade surplus of $7 billion, due mainly to high oil prices and increased natural gas exports, and managed to maintain the surplus in 2001. |
| Electricity - consumption | 9.046 billion kWh (2002) | 8.556 billion kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2002) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2002) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | 9.727 billion kWh (2002) | 9.2 billion kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m |
lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m |
| Environment - current issues | limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities | limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14% | Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14% |
| Exchange rates | Qatari rials per US dollar - 3.64 (2004), 3.64 (2003), 3.64 (2002), 3.64 (2001), 3.64 (2000) | Qatari rials per US dollar - 3.6400 (fixed rate) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa al-Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as crown prince, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad al-Thani, in a bloodless coup); Crown Prince TAMIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa al-Thani, third son of the monarch (selected Heir Apparent by the monarch on 5 August 2003); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of Minister of Defense and Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces
head of government: Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Khalifa al-Thani, brother of the monarch (since 30 October 1996); Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Khalifa al-Thani, brother of the monarch (since 20 January 1998); First Deputy Prime Minister HAMAD bin JASIM bin JABIR al-Thani (since 16 September 2003; also Foreign Minister since 1992); Second Deputy Prime Minister Abdallah bin Hamad al-ATTIYAH (since 16 September 2003; also Energy Minister since NA 1992) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary note: in April 2003, Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Council (CMC), which has consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services; the first election for the CMC was held in March 1999 |
chief of state: Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as crown prince, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad Al Thani, in a bloodless coup); Crown Prince JASSIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, third son of the monarch (selected crown prince by the monarch 22 October 1996); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of minister of defense and commander-in-chief of the armed forces
head of government: Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 30 October 1996); Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 20 January 1998) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary note: in March 1999, Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Council, which has consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services |
| Exports | NA | $11 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.) |
| Exports - commodities | liquefied natural gas (LNG), petroleum products, fertilizers, steel | petroleum products 80%, fertilizers, steel |
| Exports - partners | Japan 41.9%, South Korea 15.8%, Singapore 9.1%, India 5.4% (2004) | Japan 43%, Singapore 8%, South Korea 6%, US 4%, UAE 2% (1999) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side | maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $16.3 billion (2001 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 0.3%
industry: 58.2% services: 41.5% (2004 est.) |
agriculture: 1%
industry: 49% services: 50% (1996 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $23,200 (2004 est.) | purchasing power parity - $21,200 (2001 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 8.7% (2004 est.) | 5.6% (2001 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 25 30 N, 51 15 E | 25 30 N, 51 15 E |
| Geography - note | strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits | strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits |
| Heliports | 1 (2004 est.) | 1 (2002) |
| Highways | total: 1,230 km
paved: 1,107 km unpaved: 123 km (1999 est.) |
total: 1,230 km
paved: 1,107 km unpaved: 123 km (1996) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | NA | $3.5 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.) |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals | machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals |
| Imports - partners | France 26.6%, US 9.5%, Saudi Arabia 9.4%, UAE 6.3%, Germany 5.2%, Japan 5.2%, UK 5.1% (2004) | UK 10%, Japan 8%, Germany 6%, Italy 6%, US 6% (1998) |
| Independence | 3 September 1971 (from UK) | 3 September 1971 (from UK) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 10% (2003 est.) | NA% |
| Industries | crude oil production and refining, ammonia, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement, commercial ship repair | crude oil production and refining, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 18.61 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 21.95 deaths/1,000 live births female: 15.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) |
20.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3% (2004 est.) | 2% (2001) |
| International organization participation | ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WToO | ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 130 sq km (1998 est.) | 130 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Court of Appeal
note: under the new judiciary law issued in 2003, the former two court systems, civil and Islamic law, were merged under a higher court, the Court of Cassation, established for appeals |
Court of Appeal |
| Labor force | 140,000 (2004 est.) | 280,122 (1997 est.) |
| Land boundaries | total: 60 km
border countries: Saudi Arabia 60 km |
total: 60 km
border countries: Saudi Arabia 60 km |
| Land use | arable land: 1.64%
permanent crops: 0.27% other: 98.09% (2001) |
arable land: 1.27%
permanent crops: 0.27% other: 98.46% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language | Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language |
| Legal system | discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law dominates family and personal matters | discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law dominates family and personal matters |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats; members appointed)
note: no legislative elections have been held since 1970 when there were partial elections to the body; Council members have had their terms extended every four years since; the new constitution, which came into force on 8 June 2004, provides for a 45-member Consultative Council, or Majlis al-Shura; the public would elect two-thirds of the Majlis al-Shura; the amir would appoint the remaining members |
unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats; members appointed)
note: the constitution calls for elections for part of this consultative body, but no elections have been held since 1970, when there were partial elections to the body; Council members have had their terms extended every four years since |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 73.67 years
male: 71.15 years female: 76.32 years (2005 est.) |
total population: 72.88 years
male: 70.4 years female: 75.48 years (2002 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 89% male: 89.1% female: 88.6% (2004 est.) |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 79% male: 79% female: 80% (1995 est.) |
| Location | Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia | Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia |
| Map references | Middle East | Middle East |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line |
contiguous zone: 24 NM
exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | total: 22 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 525,051 GRT/772,635 DWT
by type: cargo 3, chemical tanker 5, container 8, liquefied gas 2, petroleum tanker 3, roll on/roll off 1 foreign-owned: 6 (Kuwait 6) (2005) |
total: 25 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 679,081 GRT/1,051,088 DWT
ships by type: cargo 10, combination ore/oil 2, container 7, petroleum tanker 6 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Kuwait 1, United Arab Emirates 3 (2002 est.) |
| Military branches | Qatari Amiri Land Force (QALF), Qatari Amiri Navy (QAN), Qatari Amiri Air Force (QAAF) | Army, Navy, Air Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $723 million (FY00) | $723 million (FY00/01) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 10% (FY00) | 10% (FY00/01) |
| Military manpower - availability | - | males age 15-49: 316,885
note: includes non-nationals (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | - | males age 15-49: 166,214 (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - military age | - | 18 years of age (2002 est.) |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | - | males: 6,797 (2002 est.) |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 3 September (1971) | Independence Day, 3 September (1971) |
| Nationality | noun: Qatari(s)
adjective: Qatari |
noun: Qatari(s)
adjective: Qatari |
| Natural hazards | haze, dust storms, sandstorms common | haze, dust storms, sandstorms common |
| Natural resources | petroleum, natural gas, fish | petroleum, natural gas, fish |
| Net migration rate | 15.17 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) | 18.75 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
| Pipelines | condensate 319 km; condensate/gas 209 km; gas 1,024 km; liquid petroleum gas 87 km; oil 702 km; oil/gas/water 41 km (2004) | crude oil 235 km; natural gas 400 km |
| Political parties and leaders | none | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | none |
| Population | 863,051 (July 2005 est.) | 793,341 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 2.61% (2005 est.) | 3.02% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Doha | Doha, Halul Island, Umm Sa'id (Musay'id) |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998) | AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 256,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | Muslim 95% | Muslim 95% |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 2.28 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 2.78 male(s)/female total population: 1.88 male(s)/female (2005 est.) |
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 2.4 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 2.57 male(s)/female total population: 1.91 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | suffrage is limited to municipal elections |
| Telephone system | general assessment: modern system centered in Doha
domestic: NA international: country code - 974; tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat |
general assessment: modern system centered in Doha
domestic: NA international: tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 184,500 (2003) | 142,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 376,500 (2003) | 43,476 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (plus three repeaters) (2001) | 1 (plus three repeaters) (2001) |
| Terrain | mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel | mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel |
| Total fertility rate | 2.87 children born/woman (2005 est.) | 3.1 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 2.7% (2001) | 2.7% (2001) |
| Waterways | - | none |
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