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Compare Qatar (2001) - Niue (2002)
Compare Qatar (2001) z Niue (2002)
| Qatar (2001) | Niue (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 9 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Ghuwayriyah, Al Jumayliyah, Al Khawr, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Jarayan al Batinah, Madinat ash Shamal, Umm Salal | none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
25.77% (male 101,155; female 97,086) 15-64 years: 71.75% (male 391,178; female 160,665) 65 years and over: 2.48% (male 13,625; female 5,443) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% |
| Agriculture - products | fruits, vegetables; poultry, dairy products, beef; fish | coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle |
| Airports | 4 (2000 est.) | 1 (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
2 over 3,047 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
2 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
11,437 sq km land: 11,437 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 260 sq km
land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Connecticut | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant oil and natural gas revenues. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, the Qatari economy was crippled by a continuous siphoning off of petroleum revenues by the amir who had ruled the country since 1972. He was overthrown by his son, the current Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, in a bloodless coup in 1995. In 2001, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia. Oil and natural gas revenues enable Qatar to have a per capita income not far below the leading industrial countries of Western Europe. | Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2002) with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest. |
| Birth rate | 15.91 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA births/1,000 population |
| Budget | revenues:
$3.9 billion expenditures: $4 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.) |
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
| Capital | Doha | Alofi |
| Climate | desert; hot, dry; humid and sultry in summer | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds |
| Coastline | 563 km | 64 km |
| Constitution | provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999 Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent constitution | 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act) |
| Country name | conventional long form:
State of Qatar conventional short form: Qatar local long form: Dawlat Qatar local short form: Qatar note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation falls between cutter and gutter, but not like guitar |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island |
| Currency | Qatari rial (QAR) | New Zealand dollar (NZD) |
| Death rate | 4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | $13.1 billion (2000 est.) | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Elizabeth Davenport MCKUNE embassy: 22 February Road, Doha mailing address: P. O. Box 2399, Doha telephone: [974] 488 4101 FAX: [974] 488 4298 note: workweek is Saturday-Wednesday |
none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Badr Umar al-DAFA chancery: 4200 Wisconsin Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016 telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600 FAX: [1] (202) 237-0061 consulate(s) general: Houston |
none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) |
| Disputes - international | in March of 2001, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) awarded the Hawar Islands to Bahrain and adjusted its maritime boundary with Qatar; a final border resolution was agreed to with Saudi Arabia in March of 2001 | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002) |
| Economy - overview | Oil accounts for more than 30% of GDP, roughly 80% of export earnings, and 66% of government revenues. Proved oil reserves of 3.7 billion barrels should ensure continued output at current levels for 23 years. Oil has given Qatar a per capita GDP comparable to that of the leading West European industrial countries. Qatar's proved reserves of natural gas exceed 7 trillion cubic meters, more than 5% of the world total, third largest in the world. Production and export of natural gas are becoming increasingly important. Long-term goals feature the development of offshore petroleum and the diversification of the economy. In 2000, Qatar posted its highest ever trade surplus of $6 billion, due mainly to high oil prices and increased natural gas exports. | The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 will be about $2.6 million. |
| Electricity - consumption | 8.37 billion kWh (1999) | 2.79 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (1999) | 0 kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production | 9 billion kWh (1999) | 3 million kWh (2000) |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Persian Gulf 0 m highest point: Qurayn Abu al Bawl 103 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m |
| Environment - current issues | limited natural fresh water resources are increasing dependence on large-scale desalination facilities | increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea |
| Ethnic groups | Arab 40%, Pakistani 18%, Indian 18%, Iranian 10%, other 14% | Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans) |
| Exchange rates | Qatari rials per US dollar - 3.6400 (fixed rate) | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998), 1.5082 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani (since 27 June 1995 when, as crown prince, he ousted his father, Amir KHALIFA bin Hamad Al Thani, in a bloodless coup); Crown Prince JASSIM bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, third son of the monarch (selected crown prince by the monarch 22 October 1996); note - Amir HAMAD also holds the positions of minister of defense and commander-in-chief of the armed forces head of government: Prime Minister ABDALLAH bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 30 October 1996); Deputy Prime Minister MUHAMMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, brother of the monarch (since 20 January 1998) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary note: in March 1999 Qatar held nationwide elections for a 29-member Central Municipal Council, which has consultative powers aimed at improving the provision of municipal services |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)
head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005) election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI)30% |
| Exports | $9.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) | $137,200 (1999) |
| Exports - commodities | petroleum products 80%, fertilizers, steel | canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | Japan 52%, Singapore 9%, South Korea 8%, US, UAE (1998) | NZ mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | maroon with a broad white serrated band (nine white points) on the hoist side | yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $15.1 billion (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
1% industry: 49% services: 50% (1996 est.) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: 55% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $20,300 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 4% (2000 est.) | -0.3% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 25 30 N, 51 15 E | 19 02 S, 169 52 W |
| Geography - note | strategic location in central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits | one of world's largest coral islands |
| Heliports | 1 (2000 est.) | - |
| Highways | total:
1,230 km paved: 1,107 km unpaved: 123 km (1996) |
total: 234 km
paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (106 km of which is access and plantation road) (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | $3.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) | $2.38 million (1999) |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and transport equipment, food, chemicals | food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs |
| Imports - partners | UK 10%, Japan 8%, Germany 6%, US 6%, Italy 6% (1998) | NZ mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US |
| Independence | 3 September 1971 (from UK) | on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | crude oil production and refining, fertilizers, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement | tourism, handicrafts, food processing |
| Infant mortality rate | 21.44 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 live births |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.5% (2000) | 1% (1995) (1995) |
| International organization participation | ABEDA, AFESD, AL, AMF, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDB, IFAD, IFRCS, IHO (pending member), ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO | ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 1 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 80 sq km (1993 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Court of Appeal | Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue |
| Labor force | 233,000 (1993 est.) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board |
| Land boundaries | total:
60 km border countries: Saudi Arabia 60 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
1% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 5% forests and woodland: 0% other: 94% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 19.23%
permanent crops: 7.69% other: 73.08% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language | Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English |
| Legal system | discretionary system of law controlled by the amir, although civil codes are being implemented; Islamic law is significant in personal matters | English common law
note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Advisory Council or Majlis al-Shura (35 seats; members appointed)
note: the constitution calls for elections for part of this consultative body, but no elections have been held since 1970, when there were partial elections to the body; Council members have their terms extended every four years since |
unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)
elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held in March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
72.62 years male: 70.16 years female: 75.21 years (2001 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years |
| Literacy | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 79% male: 79% female: 80% (1995 est.) |
definition: NA
total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA% |
| Location | Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga |
| Map references | Middle East | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | contiguous zone:
24 NM exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line territorial sea: 12 NM |
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | total:
25 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 677,992 GRT/1,049,447 DWT ships by type: cargo 10, combination ore/oil 2, container 7, petroleum tanker 6 (2000 est.) |
none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand |
| Military branches | Army, Navy, Air Force, Public Security | no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $723 million (FY00/01) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 10% (FY00/01) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
312,116 note: includes non-nationals (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
163,642 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - military age | 18 years of age | - |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | males:
6,797 (2001 est.) |
- |
| National holiday | Independence Day, 3 September (1971) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun:
Qatari(s) adjective: Qatari |
noun: Niuean(s)
adjective: Niuean |
| Natural hazards | haze, dust storms, sandstorms common | typhoons |
| Natural resources | petroleum, natural gas, fish | fish, arable land |
| Net migration rate | 20.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| Pipelines | crude oil 235 km; natural gas 400 km | - |
| Political parties and leaders | none | Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 769,152 (July 2001 est.) | 2,134 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 3.18% (2001 est.) | 0.5% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Doha, Halul Island, Umm Sa'id (Musay'id) | none; offshore anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 6, FM 5, shortwave 1 (1998) | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | 256,000 (1997) | 1,000 (1997) |
| Railways | 0 km | 0 km |
| Religions | Muslim 95% | Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist) |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 2.43 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 2.5 male(s)/female total population: 1.92 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
NA |
| Suffrage | suffrage is limited to municipal elections | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
modern system centered in Doha domestic: NA international: tropospheric scatter to Bahrain; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia and UAE; submarine cable to Bahrain and UAE; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean) and 1 Arabsat |
domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island
international: NA |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 142,000 (1997) | 376 (1991) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 43,476 (1997) | 0 (1991) |
| Television broadcast stations | 2 (plus three repeaters) (1997) | 1 (1997) |
| Terrain | mostly flat and barren desert covered with loose sand and gravel | steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau |
| Total fertility rate | 3.17 children born/woman (2001 est.) | NA children born/woman |
| Unemployment rate | NA% | NA% |
| Waterways | none | none |
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