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Compare Norway (2005) - Andorra (2004)

Compare Norway (2005) z Andorra (2004)

 Norway (2005)Andorra (2004)
 NorwayAndorra
Administrative divisions 19 counties (fylker, singular - fylke); Akershus, Aust-Agder, Buskerud, Finnmark, Hedmark, Hordaland, More og Romsdal, Nordland, Nord-Trondelag, Oppland, Oslo, Ostfold, Rogaland, Sogn og Fjordane, Sor-Trondelag, Telemark, Troms, Vest-Agder, Vestfold 7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Escaldes-Engordany, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria
Age structure 0-14 years: 19.5% (male 459,418/female 437,734)


15-64 years: 65.7% (male 1,531,249/female 1,484,656)


65 years and over: 14.8% (male 286,343/female 393,641) (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 15% (male 5,478; female 4,988)


15-64 years: 71.6% (male 26,268; female 23,766)


65 years and over: 13.4% (male 4,659; female 4,706) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products barley, wheat, potatoes; pork, beef, veal, milk; fish small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep
Airports 101 (2004 est.) none
Airports - with paved runways total: 65


2,438 to 3,047 m: 13


1,524 to 2,437 m: 12


914 to 1,523 m: 14


under 914 m: 26 (2004 est.)
-
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 36


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 29 (2004 est.)
-
Area total: 324,220 sq km


land: 307,860 sq km


water: 16,360 sq km
total: 468 sq km


land: 468 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than New Mexico 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Two centuries of Viking raids into Europe tapered off following the adoption of Christianity by King Olav TRYGGVASON in 994. Conversion of the Norwegian kingdom occurred over the next several decades. In 1397, Norway was absorbed into a union with Denmark that was to last for more than four centuries. In 1814, Norwegians resisted the cession of their country to Sweden and adopted a new constitution. Sweden then invaded Norway but agreed to let Norway keep its constitution in return for accepting the union under a Swedish king. Rising nationalism throughout the 19th century led to a 1905 referendum granting Norway independence. Although Norway remained neutral in World War I, it suffered heavy losses to its shipping. Norway proclaimed its neutrality at the outset of World War II, but was nonetheless occupied for five years by Nazi Germany (1940-45). In 1949, neutrality was abandoned and Norway became a member of NATO. Discovery of oil and gas in adjacent waters in the late 1960s boosted Norway's economic fortunes. The current focus is on containing spending on the extensive welfare system and planning for the time when petroleum reserves are depleted. In referenda held in 1972 and 1994, Norway rejected joining the EU. For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.
Birth rate 11.67 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) 9.32 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget revenues: $134 billion


expenditures: $116.8 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.)
revenues: $385 million


expenditures: $342 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997)
Capital Oslo Andorra la Vella
Climate temperate along coast, modified by North Atlantic Current; colder interior with increased precipitation and colder summers; rainy year-round on west coast temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
Coastline 25,148 km (includes mainland 2,650 km, as well as long fjords, numerous small islands, and minor indentations 22,498 km; length of island coastlines 58,133 km) 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution 17 May 1814; amended many times Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; came into force 4 May 1993
Country name conventional long form: Kingdom of Norway


conventional short form: Norway


local long form: Kongeriket Norge


local short form: Norge
conventional long form: Principality of Andorra


conventional short form: Andorra


local long form: Principat d'Andorra


local short form: Andorra
Currency - euro (EUR)
Death rate 9.45 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) 5.9 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external $0 (Norway is a net external creditor) (2003 est.) NA
Dependent areas Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard -
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador John D. ONG


embassy: Drammensveien 18, 0244 Oslo


mailing address: PSC 69, Box 1000, APO AE 09707


telephone: [47] (22) 44 85 50


FAX: [47] (22) 44 33 63
the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (93) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (93) 280-6175
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Knut VOLLEBAEK


chancery: 2720 34th Street NW, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 333-6000


FAX: [1] (202) 337-0870


consulate(s) general: Houston, Minneapolis, New York, and San Francisco
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jelena V. PIA-COMELLA


chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064


FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
Disputes - international Norway asserts a territorial claim in Antarctica (Queen Maud Land and its continental shelf); despite recent discussions, Russia and Norway continue to dispute their maritime limits in the Barents Sea and Russia's fishing rights beyond Svalbard's territorial limits within the Svalbard Treaty zone none
Economic aid - donor ODA, $1.4 billion (1998) -
Economic aid - recipient - none
Economy - overview The Norwegian economy is a prosperous bastion of welfare capitalism, featuring a combination of free market activity and government intervention. The government controls key areas, such as the vital petroleum sector (through large-scale state enterprises). The country is richly endowed with natural resources - petroleum, hydropower, fish, forests, and minerals - and is highly dependent on its oil production and international oil prices, with oil and gas accounting for one-third of exports. Only Saudi Arabia and Russia export more oil than Norway. Norway opted to stay out of the EU during a referendum in November 1994; nonetheless, it contributes sizably to the EU budget. The government has moved ahead with privatization. With arguably the highest quality of life worldwide, Norwegians still worry about that time in the next two decades when the oil and gas will begin to run out. Accordingly, Norway has been saving its oil-boosted budget surpluses in a Government Petroleum Fund, which is invested abroad and now is valued at more than $150 billion. After lackluster growth of 1% in 2002 and 0.5% in 2003, GDP growth picked up to 3.3% in 2004. Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.
Electricity - consumption 107.4 billion kWh (2002) NA kWh
Electricity - exports 15 billion kWh (2002) 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports 5.3 billion kWh (2002) NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower
Electricity - production 125.9 billion kWh (2002) NA kWh
Elevation extremes lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m


highest point: Galdhopiggen 2,469 m
lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m


highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m
Environment - current issues water pollution; acid rain damaging forests and adversely affecting lakes, threatening fish stocks; air pollution from vehicle emissions deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal
Environment - international agreements party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
party to: Hazardous Wastes


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups Norwegian, Sami 20,000 Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)
Exchange rates Norwegian kroner per US dollar - 6.7408 (2004), 7.0802 (2003), 7.9838 (2002), 8.9917 (2001), 8.8018 (2000) euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999)
Executive branch chief of state: King HARALD V (since 17 January 1991); Heir Apparent Crown Prince HAAKON MAGNUS, son of the monarch (born 20 July 1973)


head of government: Prime Minister Jens STOLTENBERG (since 17 October 2005)


cabinet: State Council appointed by the monarch with the approval of parliament


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; following parliamentary elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the monarch with the approval of the parliament
chief of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26 July 2002); Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan Enric VIVES i SICILIA (since 12 May 2003), represented by Nemesi MARQUES i OSTE (since NA)


head of government: Executive Council President Marc FORNE Molne (since 21 December 1994)


cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president


elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held April-May 2005)


election results: Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA%
Exports 3.466 million bbl/day (2001) $58 million f.o.b. (1998)
Exports - commodities petroleum and petroleum products, machinery and equipment, metals, chemicals, ships, fish tobacco products, furniture
Exports - partners UK 22.4%, Germany 12.9%, Netherlands 9.9%, France 9.6%, US 8.4%, Sweden 6.7% (2004) Spain 58%, France 34% (2000)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description red with a blue cross outlined in white that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag) three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
GDP - purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 2.2%


industry: 36.3%


services: 61.6% (2004 est.)
agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $40,000 (2004 est.) purchasing power parity - $19,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3.3% (2004 est.) 3.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 62 00 N, 10 00 E 42 30 N, 1 30 E
Geography - note about two-thirds mountains; some 50,000 islands off its much indented coastline; strategic location adjacent to sea lanes and air routes in North Atlantic; one of most rugged and longest coastlines in world landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees
Heliports 1 (2004 est.) -
Highways total: 91,852 km


paved: 71,185 km (including 178 km of expressways)


unpaved: 20,667 km (2002)
total: 269 km


paved: 198 km


unpaved: 71 km (1994)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 4.1%


highest 10%: 21.8% (1995)
lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports 88,870 bbl/day (2001) $1.077 billion (1998)
Imports - commodities machinery and equipment, chemicals, metals, foodstuffs consumer goods, food, electricity
Imports - partners Sweden 15.7%, Germany 13.6%, Denmark 7.3%, UK 6.5%, China 5%, US 4.9%, Netherlands 4.4%, France 4.3%, Finland 4.1% (2004) Spain 48%, France 35%, US 2.3% (2000)
Independence 7 June 1905 (Norway declared the union with Sweden dissolved); 26 October 1905 (Sweden agreed to the repeal of the union) 1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of the French count of Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel)
Industrial production growth rate 5.2% (2004 est.) NA
Industries petroleum and gas, food processing, shipbuilding, pulp and paper products, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textiles, fishing tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking
Infant mortality rate total: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 4.07 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 3.32 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
total: 4.05 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 4.39 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1% (2004 est.) 4.3% (2000)
International organization participation AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, ESA, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NAM (guest), NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WEU (associate), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC CE, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNESCO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Irrigated land 1,270 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Hoyesterett (justices appointed by the monarch) Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional
Labor force 2.38 million (2004 est.) 33,000 (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture, forestry, and fishing 4%, industry 22%, services 74% (1995) agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total: 2,542 km


border countries: Finland 727 km, Sweden 1,619 km, Russia 196 km
total: 120.3 km


border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
Land use arable land: 2.87%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.13% (2001)
arable land: 2.22%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.78% (2001)
Languages Bokmal Norwegian (official), Nynorsk Norwegian (official), small Sami- and Finnish-speaking minorities Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese
Legal system mixture of customary law, civil law system, and common law traditions; Supreme Court renders advisory opinions to legislature when asked; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch modified unicameral Parliament or Storting (169 seats; members are elected by popular vote by proportional representation to serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 12 September 2005 (next to be held September 2009)


election results: percent of vote by party - Labor Party 32.7%, Progress Party 22.1%, Conservative Party 14.1%, Socialist Left Party 8.8%, Christian People's Party 6.8%, Center Party 6.5%, Liberal Party 5.9%, Red Electoral Alliance 1.2%, other 1.9%; seats by party - Labor Party 61, Progress Party 38, Conservative Party 23, Socialist Left Party 15, Christian People's Party 11, Center Party 11, Liberal Party 10


note: for certain purposes, the parliament divides itself into two chambers and elects one-fourth of its membership to an upper house or Lagting
unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA March-April 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 46.1%, PSD 30%, PD 23.8%, other 0.1%; seats by party - PLA 15, PSD 6, PD 5, other 2
Life expectancy at birth total population: 79.4 years


male: 76.78 years


female: 82.17 years (2005 est.)
total population: 83.5 years


male: 80.59 years


female: 86.59 years (2004 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 100%


male: 100%


female: 100%
definition: NA


total population: 100%


male: NA


female: NA
Location Northern Europe, bordering the North Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Sweden Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain
Map references Europe Europe
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 10 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm
none (landlocked)
Merchant marine total: 740 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 18,820,495 GRT/27,449,456 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 51, cargo 168, chemical tanker 142, combination ore/oil 20, container 3, liquefied gas 81, passenger 5, passenger/cargo 113, petroleum tanker 79, refrigerated cargo 6, roll on/roll off 30, vehicle carrier 42


foreign-owned: 174 (Belgium 1, China 3, Cyprus 5, Denmark 28, Estonia 2, Finland 5, Germany 4, Hong Kong 52, Iceland 3, Italy 3, Japan 3, Lithuania 1, Monaco 1, Netherlands 4, Poland 2, Saudi Arabia 7, Singapore 10, Sweden 24, United States 16)


registered in other countries: 1,117 (2005)
-
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France and Spain
Military branches Norwegian Army, Royal Norwegian Navy (includes Coastal Rangers and Coast Guard (Kystvakt)), Royal Norwegian Air Force (Kongelige Norske Luftforsvaret, RNoAF), Home Guard no regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra
Military expenditures - dollar figure $4,033.5 million (2003) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.9% (2003) -
National holiday Constitution Day, 17 May (1814) Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)
Nationality noun: Norwegian(s)


adjective: Norwegian
noun: Andorran(s)


adjective: Andorran
Natural hazards rockslides, avalanches avalanches
Natural resources petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, titanium, pyrites, nickel, fish, timber, hydropower hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead
Net migration rate 1.73 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) 6.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Pipelines condensate 411 km; gas 6,199 km; oil 2,213 km; oil/gas/water 746 km; unknown (oil/water) 38 km (2004) -
Political parties and leaders Center Party [Aslaug Marie HAGA]; Christian People's Party [Dagfinn HOYBRATEN]; Coastal Party [Roy WAAGE]; Conservative Party [Erna SOLBERG]; Labor Party [Jens STOLTENBERG]; Liberal Party [Lars SPONHEIM]; Progress Party [Carl I. HAGEN]; Socialist Left Party [Kristin HALVORSEN] Andorran Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic Party or PD) [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA (formerly Liberal Union or UL) [Albert PINTAT]; Social Democratic Party or PS (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND) [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA NA
Population 4,593,041 (July 2005 est.) 69,865 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA
Population growth rate 0.4% (2005 est.) 1% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors Borg Havn, Bergen, Mo i Rana, Molde, Mongstad, Narvik, Oslo, Sture none
Radio broadcast stations AM 5, FM at least 650, shortwave 1 (1998) AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998)
Railways total: 4,077 km


standard gauge: 4,077 km 1.435-m gauge (2,518 km electrified) (2004)
-
Religions Church of Norway 85.7%, Pentecostal 1%, Roman Catholic 1%, other Christian 2.4%, Muslim 1.8%, other 8.1% (2004) Roman Catholic (predominant)
Sex ratio at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.73 male(s)/female


total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female


total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: modern in all respects; one of the most advanced telecommunications networks in Europe


domestic: Norway has a domestic satellite system; moreover, the prevalence of rural areas encourages the wide use of cellular mobile systems instead of fixed-wire systems


international: country code - 47; 2 buried coaxial cable systems; 4 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - NA Eutelsat, NA Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions); note - Norway shares the Inmarsat earth station with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden) (1999)
general assessment: NA


domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges


international: country code - 376; landline circuits to France and Spain
Telephones - main lines in use 3.343 million (2002) 35,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular 4,163,400 (2003) 23,500 (2001)
Television broadcast stations 360 (plus 2,729 repeaters) (1995) 0 (1997)
Terrain glaciated; mostly high plateaus and rugged mountains broken by fertile valleys; small, scattered plains; coastline deeply indented by fjords; arctic tundra in north rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys
Total fertility rate 1.78 children born/woman (2005 est.) 1.28 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate 4.3% (2004 est.) 0% (1996 est.)
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