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Compare Niue (2008) - Reunion (2005)
Compare Niue (2008) z Reunion (2005)
| Niue (2008) | Reunion (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order | none (overseas department of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 4 arrondissements, 24 communes, and 47 cantons |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA |
0-14 years: 30.4% (male 120,698/female 115,108)
15-64 years: 63.6% (male 243,668/female 250,143) 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 19,234/female 28,097) (2005 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle | sugarcane, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, vegetables, corn |
| Airports | 1 (2007) | 2 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007) |
total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total: 260 sq km
land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 2,517 sq km
land: 2,507 sq km water: 10 sq km |
| Area - comparative | 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly smaller than Rhode Island |
| Background | Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to an estimated 1,492 in 2007), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest. | The Portuguese discovered the uninhabited island in 1513. From the 17th to the 19th centuries, French immigration, supplemented by influxes of Africans, Chinese, Malays, and Malabar Indians, gave the island its ethnic mix. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 cost the island its importance as a stopover on the East Indies trade route. |
| Birth rate | NA | 19.26 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $15.07 million
expenditures: $16.33 million (FY0405) |
revenues: $1.26 billion
expenditures: $2.62 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (1998) |
| Capital | name: Alofi
geographic coordinates: 19 01 S, 169 55 W time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
Saint-Denis |
| Climate | tropical; modified by southeast trade winds | tropical, but temperature moderates with elevation; cool and dry from May to November, hot and rainy from November to April |
| Coastline | 64 km | 207 km |
| Constitution | 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act) | 4 October 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Niue note: pronounciation falls between nyu-way and new-way, but not like new-wee former: Savage Island |
conventional long form: Department of Reunion
conventional short form: Reunion local long form: none local short form: Ile de la Reunion former: Bourbon Island |
| Death rate | NA | 5.48 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Debt - external | $418,000 (2002 est.) | $NA |
| Dependency status | self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue | overseas department of France |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) | none (overseas department of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand) | none (overseas department of France) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $2.6 million from New Zealand (2002) | NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France (2001 est.) |
| Economy - overview | The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of emigration to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although the International Banking Repeal Act of 2002 resulted in the termination of all offshore banking licenses. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about US$2 million. Niue suffered a devastating typhoon in January 2004, which decimated nascent economic programs. While in the process of rebuilding, Niue has been dependent on foreign aid. | The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, but services now dominate. Sugarcane has been the primary crop for more than a century, and in some years it accounts for 85% of exports. The government has been pushing the development of a tourist industry to relieve high unemployment, which amounts to one-third of the labor force. The gap in Reunion between the well-off and the poor is extraordinary and accounts for the persistent social tensions. The white and Indian communities are substantially better off than other segments of the population, often approaching European standards, whereas minority groups suffer the poverty and unemployment typical of the poorer nations of the African continent. The outbreak of severe rioting in February 1991 illustrates the seriousness of socioeconomic tensions. The economic well-being of Reunion depends heavily on continued financial assistance from France. |
| Electricity - consumption | 2.79 million kWh (2005) | 1.084 billion kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2005) | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2005) | 0 kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - production | 3 million kWh (2005) | 1.166 billion kWh (2002) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Piton des Neiges 3,069 m |
| Environment - current issues | increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture | NA |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Niuen 78.2%, Pacific islander 10.2%, European 4.5%, mixed 3.9%, Asian 0.2%, unspecified 3% (2001 census) | French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, Indian |
| Exchange rates | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.3811 (2007), 1.5408 (2006), 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003) | euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since May 2000)
head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 12 May 2005 (next to be held in May 2008) election results: Young VIVIAN reelected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN 85%, O'Love JACOBSEN 15% |
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Laurent CAYREL (since 16 July 2005)
head of government: President of the General Council Jean-Luc POUDROUX (since NA March 1998) and President of the Regional Council Paul VERGES (since NA March 1993) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils |
| Exports | 0 bbl/day (2004) | NA |
| Exports - commodities | canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts | sugar 63%, rum and molasses 4%, perfume essences 2%, lobster 3%, (1993) |
| Exports - partners | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2006) | France 74%, Japan 6%, Comoros 4% (2000) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | calendar year |
| Flag description | yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross | the flag of France is used |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 23.5%
industry: 26.9% services: 49.5% (2003) |
agriculture: 8%
industry: 19% services: 73% (2000 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $6,000 (2004 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 6.2% (2003 est.) | 2.5% (2004 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 19 02 S, 169 52 W | 21 06 S, 55 36 E |
| Geography - note | one of world's largest coral islands | this mountainous, volcanic island has an active volcano, Piton de la Fournaise; there is a tropical cyclone center at Saint-Denis, which is the monitoring station for the whole of the Indian Ocean |
| Highways | - | total: 1,214 km (including 88 km of four-lane roads) (2001) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | 20.38 bbl/day (2004) | NA |
| Imports - commodities | food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs | manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products |
| Imports - partners | New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2006) | France 64%, Bahrain 3%, Germany 3%, Italy 3% (2000) |
| Independence | on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand | none (overseas department of France) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA% | NA% |
| Industries | tourism, handicrafts, food processing | sugar, rum, cigarettes, handicraft items, flower oil extraction |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total: 7.78 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.52 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 4% (2005) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ACP, FAO, IFAD, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO | InOC, UPU, WFTU |
| Irrigated land | NA | 120 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue | Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel |
| Labor force | 663 (2001) | 309,900 (2000) |
| Labor force - by occupation | note: most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board | agriculture 13%, industry 12%, services 75% (2000) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 11.54%
permanent crops: 15.38% other: 73.08% (2005) |
arable land: 13.6%
permanent crops: 1.2% other: 85.2% (2001) |
| Languages | Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English | French (official), Creole widely used |
| Legal system | English common law; note - Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws | French law |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)
elections: last held 30 April 2005 (next to be held in April 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA |
unicameral General Council (49 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council (45 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: General Council - last held 15 and 22 March 1998 (next to be held NA); Regional Council - last held 28 March 2004 (next to be held NA 2010) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - various right-wing candidates 13, PCR 10, PS 10, UDF 8, RPR 6, other left-wing candidates 2; Regional Council (second round) - percent of vote by party - PCR 44.9%, UMP 32.8%, PS-Greens 22.3%; seats by party - PCR 27, UMP 11, PS-Greens 7 note: Reunion elects three representatives to the French Senate; elections last held NA 2001 (next to be held NA 2006); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Reunion also elects five deputies to the French National Assembly; elections last held 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, UMP 1, PCR 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA
male: NA female: NA |
total population: 73.95 years
male: 70.55 years female: 77.52 years (2005 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: NA
total population: 95% male: NA female: NA |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 88.9% male: 87% female: 90.8% (2003 est.) |
| Location | Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga | Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar |
| Map references | Oceania | World |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | - | total: 1 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 28,264 GRT/44,885 DWT
by type: chemical tanker 1 foreign-owned: 1 (France 1) registered in other countries: 1 (2005) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force | no regular indigenous military forces; French forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, and Gendarmerie) |
| National holiday | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | noun: Niuean(s)
adjective: Niuean |
noun: Reunionese (singular and plural)
adjective: Reunionese |
| Natural hazards | typhoons | periodic, devastating cyclones (December to April); Piton de la Fournaise on the southeastern coast is an active volcano |
| Natural resources | fish, arable land | fish, arable land, hydropower |
| Net migration rate | NA | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Alliance of Independents or AI; Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN] | Communist Party of Reunion or PCR [Paul VERGES]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Andre Maurice PIHOUEE]; Socialist Party or PS [Jean-Claude FRUTEAU]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Gilbert GERARD]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP [leader NA] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 1,492
note: based on data for 2000 and 2001, which indicate a declining population trend that is assumed to continue (July 2007 est.) |
776,948 (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | -0.032% (2007 est.) | 1.38% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | - | Le Port |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 2, FM 55, shortwave 0 (2001) |
| Religions | Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 61.1%, Latter-Day Saints 8.8%, Roman Catholic 7.2%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2.4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.4%, other 8.4%, unspecified 8.7%, none 1.9% (2001 census) | Roman Catholic 86%, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist (1995) |
| Sex ratio | NA | at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2005 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island
international: country code - 683 (2001) |
general assessment: adequate system; principal center is Saint-Denis
domestic: modern open-wire and microwave radio relay network international: country code - 262; radiotelephone communication to Comoros, France, Madagascar; new microwave route to Mauritius; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC/SAFE) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 1,100 (2002 est.) | 300,000 est (2001) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 400 (2002) | 489,800 (2002) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (1997) | 35 (plus 18 low-power repeaters) (2001) |
| Terrain | steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau | mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast |
| Total fertility rate | NA | 2.47 children born/woman (2005 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 12% (2001) | 36% (1999 est.) |
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