Compare Niue (2003) - Swaziland (2003)

Compare Niue (2003) z Swaziland (2003)

	Niue (2003)	Swaziland (2003)

Administrative divisions	none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order	4 districts; Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 41.4% (male 242,762; female 238,141) 15-64 years: 55.1% (male 317,526; female 321,709) 65 years and over: 3.5% (male 18,040; female 23,041) (2003 est.)
Agriculture - products	coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle	sugarcane, cotton, corn, tobacco, rice, citrus, pineapples, sorghum, peanuts; cattle, goats, sheep
Airports	1 (2002)	18 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)	total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 17 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 10 (2002)
Area	total: 260 sq km land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 17,363 sq km land: 17,203 sq km water: 160 sq km
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background	Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2002), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest.	Autonomy for the Swazis of southern Africa was guaranteed by the British in the late 19th century; independence was granted 1968. Student and labor unrest during the 1990s have pressured the monarchy (one of the oldest on the continent) to grudgingly allow political reform and greater democracy.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	29.37 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Budget	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA	revenues: $448 million expenditures: $506.9 million, including capital expenditures of $147 million (FY 01/02)
Capital	Alofi	Mbabane; note - Lobamba is the royal and legislative capital
Climate	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds	varies from tropical to near temperate
Coastline	64 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)	none; constitution of 6 September 1968 was suspended 12 April 1973; a new constitution was promulgated 13 October 1978, but was not formally presented to the people; since then a few more outlines for a constitution have been compiled under the Constitutional Review Commission (CRC), but so far none have been accepted
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island	conventional long form: Kingdom of Swaziland conventional short form: Swaziland
Currency	New Zealand dollar (NZD)	lilangeni (SZL)
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	21.08 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Debt - external	$418,000 (2002 est.)	$320 million (2002 est.)
Dependency status	self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)	chief of mission: Ambassador James D. McGEE embassy: Central Bank Building, Warner Street, Mbabane mailing address: P. O. Box 199, Mbabane telephone: [268] 404-6441 through 404-6445 FAX: [268] 404-5959
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)	chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Madzandza KANYA chancery: 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 362-6683 FAX: [1] (202) 244-8059
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$2.6 million from New Zealand (2002)	$104 million (2001)
Economy - overview	The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million.	In this small, landlocked economy, subsistence agriculture occupies more than 80% of the population. The manufacturing sector has diversified since the mid-1980s. Sugar and wood pulp remain important foreign exchange earners. Mining has declined in importance in recent years with only coal and quarry stone mines remaining active. Surrounded by South Africa, except for a short border with Mozambique, Swaziland is heavily dependent on South Africa from which it receives nine-tenths of its imports and to which it sends more than two-thirds of its exports. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income. The government is trying to improve the atmosphere for foreign investment. Overgrazing, soil depletion, drought, and sometimes floods persist as problems for the future. More than one-fourth of the population needed emergency food aid in 2002 because of drought, and more than one-third of the adult population was infected by HIV/AIDS.
Electricity - consumption	2.79 million kWh (2001)	962.9 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	639 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2001)
Electricity - production	3 million kWh (2001)	348.3 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	fossil fuel: 58% hydro: 42% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m	lowest point: Great Usutu River 21 m highest point: Emlembe 1,862 m
Environment - current issues	increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture	limited supplies of potable water; wildlife populations being depleted because of excessive hunting; overgrazing; soil degradation; soil erosion
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: Desertification, Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans)	African 97%, European 3%
Exchange rates	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.162 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998)	emalangeni per US dollar - 10.54 (2002), 8.61 (2001), 6.94 (2000), 6.11 (1999), 5.53 (1998)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000) head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005) election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI) 30%	chief of state: King MSWATI III (since 25 April 1986) head of government: Prime Minister Themba DLAMINI (since 14 November 2003) cabinet: Cabinet recommended by the prime minister and confirmed by the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch
Exports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts	soft drink concentrates, sugar, wood pulp, cotton yarn, refrigerators, citrus and canned fruit
Exports - partners	NZ mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000)	South Africa 72%, EU 14.2%, Mozambique 3.7%, US 3.5%, UK (1999)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross	three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in yellow; centered in the red band is a large black and white shield covering two spears and a staff decorated with feather tassels, all placed horizontally
GDP	purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.)	purchasing power parity - $5.542 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: 55%	agriculture: 17% industry: 44% services: 39% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.)	purchasing power parity - $4,800 (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	-0.3% (2000 est.)	1.6% (2002 est.)
Geographic coordinates	19 02 S, 169 52 W	26 30 S, 31 30 E
Geography - note	one of world's largest coral islands	landlocked; almost completely surrounded by South Africa
Highways	total: 234 km paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001)	total: 3,247 km paved: NA unpaved: NA (1998)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: 1% highest 10%: 50.2% (1995)
Imports	NA (2001)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs	motor vehicles, machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals
Imports - partners	NZ mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000)	South Africa 88.8%, EU 5.6%, Japan 0.6%, Singapore 0.4% (1999)
Independence	on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand	6 September 1968 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	3.7% (FY 95/96)
Industries	tourism, handicrafts, food processing	mining (coal), wood pulp, sugar, soft drink concentrates, textile and apparel
Infant mortality rate	total: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	total: 67.44 deaths/1,000 live births male: 70.79 deaths/1,000 live births female: 63.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1% (1995)	11.8% (2002 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO	ACP, AfDB, C, ECA, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, NAM, OAU, OPCW, PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	5 (2002)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	690 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue	High Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts are appointed by the monarch
Labor force	NA	383,200 (2000)
Labor force - by occupation	most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board	NA
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 535 km border countries: Mozambique 105 km, South Africa 430 km
Land use	arable land: 19.23% permanent crops: 7.69% other: 73.08% (1998 est.)	arable land: 9.77% permanent crops: 0.7% other: 89.53% (1998 est.)
Languages	Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English	English (official, government business conducted in English), siSwati (official)
Legal system	English common law note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws	based on South African Roman-Dutch law in statutory courts and Swazi traditional law and custom in traditional courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives) elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held in March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected	bicameral Parliament or Libandla, an advisory body, consists of the Senate (30 seats - 10 appointed by the House of Assembly and 20 appointed by the monarch; members serve five-year terms) and the House of Assembly (65 seats - 10 appointed by the monarch and 55 elected by popular vote; members serve five-year terms) elections: House of Assembly - last held 18 October 2003 (next to be held NA October 2008) election results: House of Assembly - balloting is done on a nonparty basis; candidates for election are nominated by the local council of each constituency and for each constituency the three candidates with the most votes in the first round of voting are narrowed to a single winner by a second round
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years (2003 est.)	total population: 39.47 years male: 41.02 years female: 37.87 years (2003 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA%	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 81.6% male: 82.6% female: 80.8% (2003 est.)
Location	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga	Southern Africa, between Mozambique and South Africa
Map references	Oceania	Africa
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand	-
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force	Umbutfo Swaziland Defense Force (Army), Royal Swaziland Police Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$20 million (FY01)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	4.75% (FY00)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 284,530 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 165,005 (2003 est.)
National holiday	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)	Independence Day, 6 September (1968)
Nationality	noun: Niuean(s) adjective: Niuean	noun: Swazi(s) adjective: Swazi
Natural hazards	typhoons	drought
Natural resources	fish, arable land	asbestos, coal, clay, cassiterite, hydropower, forests, small gold and diamond deposits, quarry stone, and talc
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA]	political parties are banned by the constitution - the following are considered political associations; Imbokodvo National Movement or INM [leader NA]; Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or NNLC [Obed DLAMINI, president]; People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mario MASUKU, president]; Swaziland National Front or SWANAFRO [Elmond SHONGWE, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	2,145 (July 2003 est.)	1,161,219 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	40% (1995)
Population growth rate	0.01% (2003 est.)	0.83% (2003 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	none
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 3, FM 2 plus 4 repeaters, shortwave 3 (2001)
Railways	0 km	total: 301 km narrow gauge: 301 km 1.067-m gauge (2002)
Religions	Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist)	Zionist (a blend of Christianity and indigenous ancestral worship) 40%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 10%, Anglican, Bahai, Methodist, Mormon, Jewish and other 30%
Sex ratio	NA (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age
Telephone system	domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island international: NA	general assessment: a somewhat modern but not an advanced system domestic: system consists of carrier-equipped, open-wire lines and low-capacity, microwave radio relay international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	376 (1991)	38,500 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1991)	45,000 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	5 plus 7 relay stations (2001)
Terrain	steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau	mostly mountains and hills; some moderately sloping plains
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman (2003 est.)	3.92 children born/woman (2003 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	34% (2000 est.)
Waterways	none	none

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