Compare Niue (2003) - Malta (2007)

Compare Niue (2003) z Malta (2007)

	Niue (2003)	Malta (2007)

Administrative divisions	none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order	none (administered directly from Valletta); note - local councils carry out administrative orders
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.)	0-14 years: 16.7% (male 34,559/female 32,707) 15-64 years: 69.5% (male 141,265/female 137,951) 65 years and over: 13.8% (male 23,802/female 31,596) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle	potatoes, cauliflower, grapes, wheat, barley, tomatoes, citrus, cut flowers, green peppers; pork, milk, poultry, eggs
Airports	1 (2002)	1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
Area	total: 260 sq km land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 316 sq km land: 316 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly less than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background	Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,100 in 2002), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest.	Great Britain formally acquired possession of Malta in 1814. The island staunchly supported the UK through both World Wars and remained in the Commonwealth when it became independent in 1964. A decade later Malta became a republic. Since about the mid-1980s, the island has transformed itself into a freight transshipment point, a financial center, and a tourist destination. Malta became an EU member in May 2004.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.)	10.28 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA	revenues: $2.851 billion expenditures: $2.998 billion (2005 est.)
Capital	Alofi	name: Valletta geographic coordinates: 35 53 N, 14 30 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds	Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers
Coastline	64 km	196.8 km (does not include 56.01 km for the island of Gozo)
Constitution	19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)	1964 constitution; amended many times
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island	conventional long form: Republic of Malta conventional short form: Malta local long form: Repubblika ta' Malta local short form: Malta
Currency	New Zealand dollar (NZD)	-
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)	8.19 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	$418,000 (2002 est.)	$188.8 million (2005)
Dependency status	self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)	chief of mission: Ambassador Molly BORDONARO embassy: 3rd Floor, Development House, Saint Anne Street, Floriana, VLT 01 mailing address: P. O. Box 535, Valletta, CMR01 telephone: [356] 2561 4000 FAX: [356] 21 243229
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)	chief of mission: Ambassador John LOWELL chancery: 2017 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 462-3611, 3612 FAX: [1] (202) 387-5470 consulate(s): New York
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$2.6 million from New Zealand (2002)	$NA (2004)
Economy - overview	The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million.	Major resources are limestone, a favorable geographic location, and a productive labor force. Malta produces only about 20% of its food needs, has limited fresh water supplies, and has few domestic energy sources. The economy is dependent on foreign trade, manufacturing (especially electronics and pharmaceuticals), and tourism. Continued sluggishness in the European economy is holding back exports, tourism, and overall growth.
Electricity - consumption	2.79 million kWh (2001)	1.959 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	3 million kWh (2001)	2.106 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m	lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Ta'Dmejrek 253 m (near Dingli)
Environment - current issues	increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture	very limited natural fresh water resources; increasing reliance on desalination
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea	party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans)	Maltese (descendants of ancient Carthaginians and Phoenicians, with strong elements of Italian and other Mediterranean stock)
Exchange rates	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.162 (2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998)	Maltese liri per US dollar - 0.37 (2006), 0.34578 (2005), 0.34466 (2004), 0.37723 (2003), 0.43362 (2002)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000) head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 1 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2005) election results: Young VIVIAN elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 70%, Hunukitama HUNUKI (AI) 30%	chief of state: President Edward FENECH ADAMI (since 4 April 2004) head of government: Prime Minister Lawrence GONZI (since 23 March 2004) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister elections: president elected by the House of Representatives for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 29 March 2004 (next to be held by April 2009); following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the president for a five-year term; the deputy prime minister is appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister election results: Eddie FENECH ADAMI elected president; House of Representatives vote - 33 out of 65 votes
Exports	NA (2001)	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts	machinery and transport equipment, manufactures
Exports - partners	NZ mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000)	France 15.3%, Singapore 13.2%, US 13%, Germany 12.5%, UK 9.5%, Japan 4.9%, Hong Kong 4.2% (2006)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross	two equal vertical bands of white (hoist side) and red; in the upper hoist-side corner is a representation of the George Cross, edged in red
GDP	purchasing power parity - $7.6 million (2000 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: 55%	agriculture: 2.7% industry: 22.3% services: 74.9% (2003 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	-0.3% (2000 est.)	2.9% (2006 est.)
Geographic coordinates	19 02 S, 169 52 W	35 50 N, 14 35 E
Geography - note	one of world's largest coral islands	the country comprises an archipelago, with only the three largest islands (Malta, Ghawdex or Gozo, and Kemmuna or Comino) being inhabited; numerous bays provide good harbors; Malta and Tunisia are discussing the commercial exploitation of the continental shelf between their countries, particularly for oil exploration
Highways	total: 234 km paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	-	minor transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Western Europe
Imports	NA (2001)	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs	machinery and transport equipment, manufactured and semi-manufactured goods; food, drink, tobacco
Imports - partners	NZ mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000)	Italy 28%, UK 10.5%, France 8.7%, Germany 7.6%, Singapore 6.8%, US 5.6% (2006)
Independence	on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand	21 September 1964 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	tourism, handicrafts, food processing	tourism, electronics, ship building and repair, construction, food and beverages, pharmaceuticals, footwear, clothing, tobacco
Infant mortality rate	total: NA% male: NA% female: NA%	total: 3.82 deaths/1,000 live births male: 4.29 deaths/1,000 live births female: 3.32 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1% (1995)	2.8% (2006 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO	Australia Group, C, CE, CPLP (associate), EBRD, EIB, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NSG, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, Union Latina (observer), UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	20 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue	Constitutional Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts are appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister
Labor force	NA	164,000 (2006 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board	agriculture: 3% industry: 22% services: 75% (2005 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 19.23% permanent crops: 7.69% other: 73.08% (1998 est.)	arable land: 31.25% permanent crops: 3.13% other: 65.62% (2005)
Languages	Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English	Maltese (official), English (official)
Legal system	English common law note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws	based on English common law and Roman civil law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives) elections: last held 21 March 2002 (next to be held in March 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11; note - all 20 seats were reelected	unicameral House of Representatives (usually 65 seats; members are elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve five-year terms; note - additional seats are given to the party with the largest popular vote to ensure a legislative majority) elections: last held 12 April 2003 (next to be held by August 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - PN 51.8%, MLP 47.5%, AD 0.7%; seats by party - PN 34, MLP 31
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years (2003 est.)	total population: 79.15 years male: 76.95 years female: 81.47 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA%	definition: age 10 and over can read and write total population: 92.8% male: 92% female: 93.6% (2003 est.)
Location	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga	Southern Europe, islands in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Sicily (Italy)
Map references	Oceania	Europe
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 25 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	total: 1,281 ships (1000 GRT or over) 25,213,650 GRT/41,033,203 DWT by type: bulk carrier 439, cargo 382, chemical tanker 125, combination ore/oil 2, container 65, liquefied gas 15, livestock carrier 1, passenger 15, passenger/cargo 14, petroleum tanker 132, refrigerated cargo 41, roll on/roll off 31, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 17 foreign-owned: 1,197 (Austria 1, Azerbaijan 3, Bangladesh 3, Belgium 10, Bulgaria 15, Canada 15, China 13, Croatia 12, Cyprus 15, Denmark 10, Estonia 7, France 4, Germany 67, Greece 448, Hong Kong 1, Iceland 7, India 3, Iran 24, Israel 21, Italy 45, Japan 3, South Korea 3, Latvia 36, Lebanon 12, Libya 3, Monaco 1, Netherlands 3, Norway 71, Pakistan 2, Poland 25, Portugal 3, Romania 10, Russia 66, Slovenia 3, Spain 1, Sweden 1, Switzerland 22, Syria 4, Turkey 143, Ukraine 28, UAE 10, UK 12, US 11) registered in other countries: 4 (Panama 2, Portugal 1, St Vincent and The Grenadines 1) (2007)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand	-
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force	Armed Forces of Malta (AFM; includes air and maritime elements) (2005)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	0.7% (2006 est.)
National holiday	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)	Independence Day, 21 September (1964)
Nationality	noun: Niuean(s) adjective: Niuean	noun: Maltese (singular and plural) adjective: Maltese
Natural hazards	typhoons	NA
Natural resources	fish, arable land	limestone, salt, arable land
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)	2.04 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA]	Alternativa Demokratika/Alliance for Social Justice or AD [Harry VASSALLO]; Malta Labor Party or MLP [Alfred SANT]; Nationalist Party or PN [Lawrence GONZI]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	2,145 (July 2003 est.)	401,880 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0.01% (2003 est.)	0.413% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 18, shortwave 6 (1999)
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist)	Roman Catholic 98%
Sex ratio	NA (2003 est.)	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.057 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.024 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.753 male(s)/female total population: 0.987 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island international: NA	general assessment: automatic system satisfies normal requirements domestic: submarine cable and microwave radio relay between islands international: country code - 356; 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	376 (1991)	202,300 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1991)	346,800 (2006)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	5 (2006)
Terrain	steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau	mostly low, rocky, flat to dissected plains; many coastal cliffs
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman (2003 est.)	1.51 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	NA%	6.8% (2005 est.)
Waterways	none	-

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