Compare Nauru (2006) - Tokelau (2008)

Compare Nauru (2006) z Tokelau (2008)

	Nauru (2006)	Tokelau (2008)

Administrative divisions	14 districts; Aiwo, Anabar, Anetan, Anibare, Baiti, Boe, Buada, Denigomodu, Ewa, Ijuw, Meneng, Nibok, Uaboe, Yaren	none (territory of New Zealand)
Age structure	0-14 years: 36.9% (male 2,507/female 2,391) 15-64 years: 61.2% (male 4,004/female 4,123) 65 years and over: 2% (male 139/female 123) (2006 est.)	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5%
Agriculture - products	coconuts	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats; fish
Airports	1 (2006)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)	-
Area	total: 21 sq km land: 21 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	The exact origins of the Nauruans are unclear, since their language does not resemble any other in the Pacific. The island was annexed by Germany in 1888 and its phosphate deposits began to be mined early in the 20th century by a German-British consortium. Nauru was occupied by Australian forces in World War I and subsequently became a League of Nations mandate. After the Second World War - and a brutal occupation by Japan - Nauru became a UN trust territory. It achieved its independence in 1968 and joined the UN in 1999 as the world's smallest independent republic.	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.
Birth rate	24.76 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	NA
Budget	revenues: $13.5 million expenditures: $13.5 million (2005)	revenues: $430,800 expenditures: $2.8 million (1987 est.)
Capital	no official capital; government offices in Yaren District time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	none; each atoll has its own administrative center time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical with a monsoonal pattern; rainy season (November to February)	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
Coastline	30 km	101 km
Constitution	29 January 1968; amended 17 May 1968 (Constitution Day)	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Nauru conventional short form: Nauru local long form: Republic of Nauru local short form: Nauru former: Pleasant Island	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau
Death rate	6.7 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)	NA
Debt - external	$33.3 million (2002)	-
Dependency status	-	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand; a UN sponsored referendum on self governance in October 2007 did not produce the two-thirds majority vote necessary for changing the political status
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Nauru; the US Ambassador to Fiji is accredited to Nauru	none (territory of New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Vinci Niel CLODUMAR chancery: 800 2nd Avenue, Suite 400 D, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 937-0074 FAX: [1] (212) 937-0079 consulate(s): Agana (Guam)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Disputes - international	none	Tokelau included American Samoa's Swains Island (Olohega) in its 2006 draft constitution
Economic aid - recipient	$20 million mostly from Australia	-
Economy - overview	Revenues of this tiny island have traditionally come from exports of phosphates, now significantly depleted. An Australian company in 2005 entered into an agreement intended to exploit remaining supplies. Few other resources exist with most necessities being imported, mainly from Australia, its former occupier and later major source of support. The rehabilitation of mined land and the replacement of income from phosphates are serious long-term problems. In anticipation of the exhaustion of Nauru's phosphate deposits, substantial amounts of phosphate income were invested in trust funds to help cushion the transition and provide for Nauru's economic future. As a result of heavy spending from the trust funds, the government faces virtual bankruptcy. To cut costs the government has frozen wages and reduced overstaffed public service departments. In 2005, the deterioration in housing, hospitals, and other capital plant continued, and the cost to Australia of keeping the government and economy afloat continued to climb. Few comprehensive statistics on the Nauru economy exist, with estimates of Nauru's GDP varying widely.	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.
Electricity - consumption	21.39 million kWh (2003)	NA kWh
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2003)	-
Electricity - production	23 million kWh (2003)	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location along plateau rim 61 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues	limited natural fresh water resources, roof storage tanks collect rainwater, but mostly dependent on a single, aging desalination plant; intensive phosphate mining during the past 90 years - mainly by a UK, Australia, and NZ consortium - has left the central 90% of Nauru a wasteland and threatens limited remaining land resources	limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Nauruan 58%, other Pacific Islander 26%, Chinese 8%, European 8%	Polynesian
Exchange rates	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001)	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.3811 (2007), 1.5408 (2006), 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Ludwig SCOTTY (since 22 June 2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Ludwig SCOTTY (since 22 June 2004) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by Parliament for a three-year term; election last held 23 October 2004 (next to be held NA 2007) election results: Ludwig SCOTTY was unopposed in the parliamentary elections for president	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); New Zealand is represented by Administrator David PAYTON (since 17 October 2006) head of government: Pio TUIA (since 23 February 2008); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors), functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term
Exports	NA bbl/day	$0
Exports - commodities	phosphates	stamps, copra, handicrafts
Exports - partners	South Africa 63.7%, South Korea 7.6%, Canada 6.6% (2005)	New Zealand (2006)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	blue with a narrow, horizontal, yellow stripe across the center and a large white 12-pointed star below the stripe on the hoist side; the star indicates the country's location in relation to the Equator (the yellow stripe) and the 12 points symbolize the 12 original tribes of Nauru	the flag of New Zealand is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	0 32 S, 166 55 E	9 00 S, 172 00 W
Geography - note	Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati and Makatea in French Polynesia; only 53 km south of Equator	consists of three atolls (Atafu, Fakaofo, Nukunonu), each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over 3 m above sea level
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	NA bbl/day	$969,200 c.i.f. (2002)
Imports - commodities	food, fuel, manufactures, building materials, machinery	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel
Imports - partners	South Korea 43.8%, Australia 36.2%, US 5.9%, Germany 4.3% (2005)	New Zealand (2006)
Independence	31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered UN trusteeship)	none (territory of New Zealand)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	phosphate mining, offshore banking, coconut products	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing
Infant mortality rate	total: 9.78 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.29 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.14 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-3.6% (1993)	NA%
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, C, FAO, ICAO, ICCt, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO	PIF (observer), SPC, UNESCO (associate), UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau
Labor force	-	440 (2001)
Labor force - by occupation	note: 0.1% employed in mining phosphates, public administration, education, and transportation	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	Nauruan (official, a distinct Pacific Island language), English widely understood, spoken, and used for most government and commercial purposes	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English
Legal system	acts of the Nauru Parliament and British common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations	New Zealand and local statutes
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament (18 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms) elections: last held 23 October 2004 (next to be held not later than 2007) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - Nauru First Party 3, independents 15 note: the president dissolved parliament on 30 September 2004 and set new elections for 23 October 2004	unicameral General Fono (20 seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Atafu has seven seats, Fakaofo has seven seats, Nukunonu has six seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono elections: last held 17-19 January 2008 (next to be held in 2011) election results: independents 20
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 63.08 years male: 59.5 years female: 66.84 years (2006 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: NA total population: NA male: NA female: NA	NA
Location	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, south of the Marshall Islands	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Oceania	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Military - note	Nauru maintains no defense forces; under an informal agreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches	no regular military forces; Nauru Police Force (2005)	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 31 January (1968)	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	noun: Nauruan(s) adjective: Nauruan	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan
Natural hazards	periodic droughts	lies in Pacific typhoon belt
Natural resources	phosphates, fish	NEGL
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	NA
Political parties and leaders	loose multiparty system; Democratic Party [Kennan ADEANG]; Nauru Party (informal); Nauru First (Naoero Amo) Party	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	13,287 (July 2006 est.)	1,449 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.81% (2006 est.)	-0.018% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA (one radio station provides service to all islands) (2002)
Religions	Christian (two-thirds Protestant, one-third Roman Catholic)	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.13 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2006 est.)	NA
Suffrage	20 years of age; universal and compulsory	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate local and international radiotelephone communication provided via Australian facilities domestic: NA international: country code - 674; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: modern satellite-based communications system domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations
Telephones - main lines in use	1,900 (2002)	300 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	1,500 (2002)	-
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	-
Terrain	sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons
Total fertility rate	3.11 children born/woman (2006 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	90% (2004 est.)	NA%

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