Compare Montserrat (2004) - Hungary (2006)

Compare Montserrat (2004) z Hungary (2006)

	Montserrat (2004)	Hungary (2006)

Administrative divisions	3 parishes; Saint Anthony, Saint Georges, Saint Peter	19 counties (megyek, singular - megye), 22 urban counties (singular - megyei varos), and 1 capital city (fovaros) counties: Bacs-Kiskun, Baranya, Bekes, Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen, Csongrad, Fejer, Gyor-Moson-Sopron, Hajdu-Bihar, Heves, Jasz-Nagykun-Szolnok, Komarom-Esztergom, Nograd, Pest, Somogy, Szabolcs-Szatmar-Bereg, Tolna, Vas, Veszprem, Zala urban counties: Bekescsaba, Debrecen, Dunaujvaros, Eger, Gyor, Hodmezovasarhely, Kaposvar, Kecskemet, Miskolc, Nagykanizsa, Nyiregyhaza, Pecs, Salgotarjan, Sopron, Szeged, Szekesfehervar, Szekszard, Szolnok, Szombathely, Tatabanya, Veszprem, Zalaegerszeg capital city: Budapest
Age structure	0-14 years: 23.3% (male 1,092; female 1,062) 15-64 years: 65.5% (male 2,889; female 3,162) 65 years and over: 11.2% (male 543; female 497) (2004 est.)	0-14 years: 15.6% (male 799,163/female 755,389) 15-64 years: 69.2% (male 3,403,375/female 3,505,640) 65 years and over: 15.2% (male 550,297/female 967,470) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	cabbages, carrots, cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers, livestock products	wheat, corn, sunflower seed, potatoes, sugar beets; pigs, cattle, poultry, dairy products
Airports	1 (2003 est.)	46 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 20 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 26 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 11 under 914 m: 10 (2006)
Area	total: 102 sq km land: 102 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 93,030 sq km land: 92,340 sq km water: 690 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.6 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than Indiana
Background	Much of this island was devastated and two-thirds of the population fled abroad because of the eruption of the Soufriere Hills Volcano that began on 18 July 1995.	Hungary was part of the polyglot Austro-Hungarian Empire, which collapsed during World War I. The country fell under Communist rule following World War II. In 1956, a revolt and announced withdrawal from the Warsaw Pact were met with a massive military intervention by Moscow. Under the leadership of Janos KADAR in 1968, Hungary began liberalizing its economy, introducing so-called "Goulash Communism." Hungary held its first multiparty elections in 1990 and initiated a free market economy. It joined NATO in 1999 and the EU in 2004.
Birth rate	17.63 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)	9.72 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget	revenues: $31.4 million expenditures: $31.6 million, including capital expenditures of $8.4 million (1997 est.)	revenues: $51.4 billion expenditures: $58.34 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2005 est.)
Capital	Plymouth (abandoned in 1997 due to volcanic activity; interim government buildings have been built at Brades Estate, in the Carr's Bay/Little Bay vicinity at the northwest end of Montserrat)	name: Budapest geographic coordinates: 47 30 N, 19 05 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate	tropical; little daily or seasonal temperature variation	temperate; cold, cloudy, humid winters; warm summers
Coastline	40 km	0 km (landlocked)
Constitution	present constitution came into force 19 December 1989	18 August 1949, effective 20 August 1949; revised 19 April 1972; 18 October 1989 revision ensured legal rights for individuals and constitutional checks on the authority of the prime minister and also established the principle of parliamentary oversight; 1997 amendment streamlined the judicial system
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Montserrat	conventional long form: Republic of Hungary conventional short form: Hungary local long form: Magyar Koztarsasag local short form: Magyarorszag
Currency	East Caribbean dollar (XCD)	-
Death rate	7.36 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)	13.11 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external	$8.9 million (1997)	$66.22 billion (2005 est.)
Dependency status	overseas territory of the UK	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador April H. FOLEY embassy: Szabadsag ter 12, H-1054 Budapest mailing address: pouch: American Embassy Budapest, 5270 Budapest Place, US Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-5270 telephone: [36] (1) 475-4400 FAX: [36] (1) 475-4764
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	chief of mission: Ambassador Andras SIMONYI chancery: 3910 Shoemaker Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 362-6730 FAX: [1] (202) 966-8135 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles, New York
Disputes - international	none	in 2004, Hungary amended the status law extending special social and cultural benefits - and voted down a referendum to extend dual citizenship - to ethnic Hungarians living in neighboring states, which have objected to such measures; consultations continue between Slovakia and Hungary over Hungary's completion of its portion the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros hydroelectric dam project along the Danube; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Hungary must implement the strict Schengen border rules
Economic aid - recipient	As of 31 March 2003, UK's DFID had provided about $328 million in economic relief from volcanic activity, and by 31 March 2006, DFID aid is expected to total $411 million.	$3.4 billion in committed EU structural adjustment and cohesion funds (2004-06)
Economy - overview	Severe volcanic activity, which began in July 1995, has put a damper on this small, open economy. A catastrophic eruption in June 1997 closed the airports and seaports, causing further economic and social dislocation. Two-thirds of the 12,000 inhabitants fled the island. Some began to return in 1998, but lack of housing limited the number. The agriculture sector continued to be affected by the lack of suitable land for farming and the destruction of crops. Prospects for the economy depend largely on developments in relation to the volcano and on public sector construction activity. The UK has launched a three-year $122.8 million aid program to help reconstruct the economy. Half of the island is expected to remain uninhabitable for another decade.	Hungary has made the transition from a centrally planned to a market economy, with a per capita income about 60% of the EU-25 average. Hungary continues to demonstrate strong economic growth and acceded to the EU in May 2004. The private sector accounts for over 80% of GDP. Foreign ownership of and investment in Hungarian firms are widespread, with cumulative foreign direct investment totaling more than $34 billion between 1990 and 2003. Several private sector analysts and sovereign ratings agencies have expressed concerns over Hungary's unsustainable budget and current account deficits. Inflation has declined from 14% in 1998 to 3.5% in 2005. Unemployment in 2005 rose to 7.1%, its highest point since 1999; Hungary's labor force participation rate of 57% is one of the lowest in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Germany is by far Hungary's largest economic partner. Policy challenges include cutting the public sector deficit to 3% of GDP by 2008, from about 6.1% in 2005, and orchestrating an orderly interest rate reduction without sparking capital outflows.
Electricity - consumption	2.325 million kWh (2001)	36.96 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2001)	7.1 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2001)	14.1 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - production	2.5 million kWh (2001)	32.21 billion kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Chances Peak (in the Soufriere Hills volcanic complex) 914 m	lowest point: Tisza River 78 m highest point: Kekes 1,014 m
Environment - current issues	land erosion occurs on slopes that have been cleared for cultivation	the upgrading of Hungary's standards in waste management, energy efficiency, and air, soil, and water pollution to meet EU requirements will require large investments
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Sulfur 94
Ethnic groups	black, white	Hungarian 92.3%, Roma 1.9%, other or unknown 5.8% (2001 census)
Exchange rates	East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976)	forints per US dollar - 199.58 (2005), 202.75 (2004), 224.31 (2003), 257.89 (2002), 286.49 (2001)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Deborah Barnes JONES (since 10 May 2004) head of government: Chief Minister John OSBORNE (since 5 April 2001) cabinet: Executive Council consists of the governor, the chief minister, three other ministers, the attorney general, and the finance secretary elections: the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party usually becomes chief minister	chief of state: Laszlo SOLYOM (since 5 August 2005) head of government: Prime Minister Ferenc GYURCSANY (since 29 September 2004) cabinet: Council of Ministers elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 6-7 June 2005 (next to be held by June 2010); prime minister elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the president; election last held 29 September 2004 election results: Laszlo SOLYOM elected president by a simple majority in the third round of voting, 185 to 182; Ferenc GYURCSANY elected prime minister; result of legislative vote - 197 to 12 note: to be elected, the president must win two-thirds of legislative vote in the first two rounds or a simple majority in the third round
Exports	NA (2001)	47,180 bbl/day (2001)
Exports - commodities	electronic components, plastic bags, apparel, hot peppers, live plants, cattle	machinery and equipment 61.1%, other manufactures 28.7%, food products 6.5%, raw materials 2%, fuels and electricity 1.6% (2003)
Exports - partners	US, Antigua and Barbuda	Germany 29.4%, Austria 5.9%, Italy 5.6%, France 5%, UK 4.7% (2005)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Montserratian coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms features a woman standing beside a yellow harp with her arm around a black cross	three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and green
GDP	purchasing power parity - $29 million (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 5.4% industry: 13.6% services: 81% (1996 est.)	agriculture: 3.7% industry: 31.2% services: 65.1% (2005 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $3,400 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	-1% (2002 est.)	4.1% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	16 45 N, 62 12 W	47 00 N, 20 00 E
Geography - note	the island is entirely volcanic in origin and contains seven active volcanoes	landlocked; strategic location astride main land routes between Western Europe and Balkan Peninsula as well as between Ukraine and Mediterranean basin; the north-south flowing Duna (Danube) and Tisza Rivers divide the country into three large regions
Heliports	-	5 (2006)
Highways	total: 227 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km note: volcanic eruptions beginning in 1995 destroyed most of the road system (2003)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: 4.1% highest 10%: 22.2% (2002)
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe	transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and cannabis and for South American cocaine destined for Western Europe; limited producer of precursor chemicals, particularly for amphetamine and methamphetamine; improving, but remains vulnerable to money laundering related to organized crime and drug trafficking
Imports	NA (2001)	94,000 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	machinery and transportation equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials	machinery and equipment 51.6%, other manufactures 35.7%, fuels and electricity 7.7%, food products 3.1%, raw materials 2.0% (2003)
Imports - partners	US, UK, Trinidad and Tobago, Japan, Canada	Germany 27.2%, Russia 7.5%, China 7.2%, Austria 6.7%, Italy 4.9%, France 4.8%, Netherlands 4.3% (2005)
Independence	none (overseas territory of the UK)	1001 (unification by King Stephen I)
Industrial production growth rate	NA	7.3% (2005 est.)
Industries	tourism, rum, textiles, electronic appliances	mining, metallurgy, construction materials, processed foods, textiles, chemicals (especially pharmaceuticals), motor vehicles
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.56 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.8 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.26 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)	total: 8.39 deaths/1,000 live births male: 9.09 deaths/1,000 live births female: 7.64 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.6% (2002 est.)	3.6% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	Caricom, CDB, ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), OECS, UPU	ACCT (observer), Australia Group, BIS, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA (cooperating state), EU (new member), FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, MINURSO, NAM (guest), NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, SECI, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WCO, WEU (associate), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO, ZC
Irrigated land	NA sq km	2,300 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based in Saint Lucia, one judge of the Supreme Court is a resident of the islands and presides over the High Court)	Constitutional Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly for nine-year terms)
Labor force	4,521 ; note - lowered by flight of people from volcanic activity (2000 est.)	4.18 million (2005 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture NA, industry NA, services NA	agriculture: 5.5% industry: 33.3% services: 61.2% (2003)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 2,171 km border countries: Austria 366 km, Croatia 329 km, Romania 443 km, Serbia 151 km, Slovakia 677 km, Slovenia 102 km, Ukraine 103 km
Land use	arable land: 20% permanent crops: 0% other: 80% (2001)	arable land: 49.58% permanent crops: 2.06% other: 48.36% (2005)
Languages	English	Hungarian 93.6%, other or unspecified 6.4% (2001 census)
Legal system	English common law and statutory law	rule of law based on Western model; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch	unicameral Legislative Council (11 seats, 9 popularly elected; members serve five-year terms) note: expanded in 2001 from 7 to 9 elected members with attorney general and financial secretary sitting as ex-officio members elections: last held April 2001 (next to be held by November 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NPLM 7, NPP 2 note: in 2001, the Elections Commission instituted a single constituency/voter-at-large system whereby all eligible voters cast ballots for all nine seats of the Legislative Council	unicameral National Assembly or Orszaggyules (386 seats; members are elected by popular vote under a system of proportional and direct representation to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 9 and 23 April 2006 (next to be held April 2010) election results: percent of vote by party (5% or more of the vote required for parliamentary representation in the first round) - MSzP 43.2%, Fidesz-KDNP 42%, SzDSz 6.5%, MDF 5%, other 3.3%; seats by party - MSzP 190, Fidesz 141, KDNP 23, SzDSz 20, MDF 11, independent 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.53 years male: 76.39 years female: 80.78 years (2004 est.)	total population: 72.66 years male: 68.45 years female: 77.14 years (2006 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 97% male: 97% female: 97% (1970 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99.4% male: 99.5% female: 99.3% (2003 est.)
Location	Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, southeast of Puerto Rico	Central Europe, northwest of Romania
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Europe
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	none (landlocked)
Merchant marine	none	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of the UK	-
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force	Ground Forces, Air Forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$1.08 billion (2002 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	1.75% (2002 est.)
National holiday	Birthday of Queen ELIZABETH II, second Saturday in June (1926)	Saint Stephen's Day, 20 August
Nationality	noun: Montserratian(s) adjective: Montserratian	noun: Hungarian(s) adjective: Hungarian
Natural hazards	severe hurricanes (June to November); volcanic eruptions (Soufriere Hills volcano has erupted continuously since 1995)	-
Natural resources	negligible	bauxite, coal, natural gas, fertile soils, arable land
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)	0.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Pipelines	-	gas 4,397 km; oil 990 km; refined products 335 km (2006)
Political parties and leaders	National Progressive Party or NPP [Reuben T. MEADE]; New People's Liberation Movement or NPLM [John A. OSBORNE]	Alliance of Free Democrats or SzDSz [Gabor KUNCZE]; Christian Democratic People's Party or KDNP [Zsolt SEMJEN]; Hungarian Civic Alliance or Fidesz [Viktor ORBAN, chairman]; Hungarian Democratic Forum or MDF [Ibolya DAVID]; Hungarian Socialist Party or MSzP [Istvan HILLER, chairman]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	9,245 note: an estimated 8,000 refugees left the island following the resumption of volcanic activity in July 1995; some have returned (July 2004 est.)	9,981,334 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA	At-risk-of poverty rate after social transfers: 12% (2003)
Population growth rate	1.03% (2004 est.)	-0.25% (2006 est.)
Ports and harbors	Plymouth (abandoned), Little Bay (anchorages and ferry landing), Carr's Bay	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 17, FM 57, shortwave 3 (1998)
Railways	-	total: 7,937 km broad gauge: 36 km 1.524-m gauge standard gauge: 7,682 km 1.435-m gauge (2,628 km electrified) narrow gauge: 219 km 0.760-m gauge (2005)
Religions	Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, Pentecostal, Seventh-Day Adventist, other Christian denominations	Roman Catholic 51.9%, Calvinist 15.9%, Lutheran 3%, Greek Catholic 2.6%, other Christian 1%, other or unspecified 11.1%, unaffiliated 14.5% (2001 census)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.09 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2004 est.)	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.57 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: country code - 1-664	general assessment: the telephone system has been modernized and is capable of satisfying all requests for telecommunication service domestic: the system is digitalized and highly automated; trunk services are carried by fiber-optic cable and digital microwave radio relay; a program for fiber-optic subscriber connections was initiated in 1996; heavy use is made of mobile cellular telephones international: country code - 36; Hungary has fiber-optic cable connections with all neighboring countries; the international switch is in Budapest; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean regions), 1 Inmarsat, 1 very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system of ground terminals
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	3.356 million (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	70 (1994)	9.32 million (2005)
Television broadcast stations	1 (1997)	35 (plus 161 low-power repeaters) (1995)
Terrain	volcanic island, mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland	mostly flat to rolling plains; hills and low mountains on the Slovakian border
Total fertility rate	1.79 children born/woman (2004 est.)	1.32 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate	6% (1998 est.)	7.2% (2005)
Waterways	-	1,622 km (most on Danube River) (2006)

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