Compare Montenegro (2006) - Tokelau (2006)

Compare Montenegro (2006) z Tokelau (2006)

	Montenegro (2006)	Tokelau (2006)

Administrative divisions	21 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Andrijevia, Bar, Berane, Bijelo Polje, Budva, Cetinje, Danilovgrad, Herceg Novi, Kolasin, Kotor, Mojkovac, Niksic, Plav, Pluzine, Pljevlja, Podgornica, Rozaje, Savnik, Tivat, Ulcinj, Zabljak	none (territory of New Zealand)
Age structure	-	0-14 years: 42% 15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products	grains, tobacco, potatoes, citrus fruits, olives, grapes; sheepherding; commercial fishing negligible	coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats; fish
Airports	5 (2006)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2006)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2006)	-
Area	total: 14,026 sq km land: 13,812 sq km water: 214 sq km	total: 10 sq km land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Connecticut	about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	The use of the name Montenegro began in the 15th century when the Crnojevic dynasty began to rule the Serbian principality of Zeta; over subsequent centuries it was able to maintain its independence from the Ottoman Empire. From the 16th to 19th centuries, Montenegro became a theocratic state ruled by a series of bishop princes; in 1852, it was transformed into a secular principality. After World War I, Montenegro was part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and, at the conclusion of World War II, it became a constituent republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. When the latter dissolved in 1992, Montenegro federated with Serbia, first as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and, after 2003, in a looser union of Serbia and Montenegro. Following a three-year postponement, Montenegro held an independence referendum in the spring of 2006 under rules set by the EU. The vote for severing ties with Serbia exceeded the 55% threshold, allowing Montenegro to formally declare its independence on 3 June 2006.	Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925.
Birth rate	12.6 births/1,000 population (2004)	NA
Budget	revenues: NA expenditures: NA	revenues: $430,800 expenditures: $2.8 million; including capital expenditures of NA (1987 est.)
Capital	name: Podgorica (administrative capital) geographic coordinates: 42 26 N, 19 16 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1 hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: Cetinje (capital city)	none; each atoll has its own administrative center time difference: UTC-11 (6 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	Mediterranean climate, hot dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfalls inland	tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November)
Coastline	293.5 km	101 km
Constitution	12 October 1992 (was approved by the Assembly)	administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948; amended in 1970
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Montenegro conventional short form: Montenegro local long form: Republika Crna Gora local short form: Crna Gora former: People's Republic of Montenegro, Socialist Republic of Montenegro	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Tokelau
Death rate	9.2 deaths/1,000 population (2004)	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	NA	$0
Dependency status	-	self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelau and New Zealand have agreed to a draft constitution as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand; a UN sponsored referendum on self-governance, in February 2006, did not produce the two thirds majority vote necessary for changing the current political status
Diplomatic representation from the US	-	none (territory of New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Miodrag VLAHOVIC	none (territory of New Zealand)
Disputes - international	ethnic Albanians in Kosovo refuse demarcation of the boundary with Macedonia in accordance with the 2000 Macedonia-Serbia and Montenegro delimitation agreement, which includes a section of boundary with Montenegro	none
Economic aid - recipient	NA	about $4 million annually from New Zealand
Economy - overview	The republic of Montenegro severed its economy from federal control and from Serbia during the MILOSEVIC era and continues to maintain its own central bank, uses the euro instead of the Yugoslav dinar as official currency, collects customs tariffs, and manages its own budget. The dissolution of the loose political union between Serbia and Montenegro in 2006 led to separate membership in several international financial institutions, such as the IMF, World Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. Montenegro is pursuing its own membership in the World Trade Organization as well as negotiating a Stabilization and Association agreement with the European Union in anticipation of eventual membership. Severe unemployment remains a key political and economic problem for this entire region. Montenegro has privatized its large aluminum complex - the dominant industry - as well as most of its financial sector, and has begun to attract foreign direct investment in the tourism sector.	Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, with annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand.
Electricity - consumption	NA	NA kWh
Electricity - production	2.864 billion kWh 2.864 billion kWh (2005 est.)	NA kWh
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Bobotov Kuk 2,522 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 5 m
Environment - current issues	pollution of coastal waters from sewage outlets, especially in tourist-related areas such as Kotor	very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand
Ethnic groups	Montenegrin 43%, Serbian 32%, Bosniak 8%, Albanian 5%, other (Muslims, Croats, Roma) 12%	Polynesian
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8089 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Filip VUJANOVIC (since 11 May 2003) head of government: Prime Minister Zeljko STURANOVIC (since 10 November 2006) cabinet: Ministries act as cabinet elections: president elected by direct vote for five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 May 2003 (next to be held in 2008); prime minister proposed by president, accepted by Assembly election results: Filip VUJANOVIC elected on the third round; Filip VUJANOVIC 63.3%, Miodrag ZIVKOVIC 30.8%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General of New Zealand Anand SATYANAND (since 23 August 2006); New Zealand is represented by Administrator David PAYTON (since 17 October 2006) head of government: Kolouei O'BRIEN (2006); note - position rotates annually among the three Faipule (village leaders) cabinet: the Council for the Ongoing Government of Tokelau, consisting of three Faipule (village leaders) and three Pulenuku (village mayors), functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term
Exports	$171.3 million (2003)	$0 f.o.b. (2002)
Exports - commodities	-	stamps, copra, handicrafts
Exports - partners	Switzerland 83.9%, Italy 6.1%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 1.3% (2003)	New Zealand (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	a red field bordered by a narrow golden-yellow stripe with the Montenegrin coat of arms centered	the flag of New Zealand is used
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: % NA industry: % NA services: % NA	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate	NA	NA%
Geographic coordinates	42 30 N, 19 18 E	9 00 S, 172 00 W
Geography - note	strategic location along the Adriatic coast	consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level
Imports	$601.7 million (2003)	$969,200 c.i.f. (2002)
Imports - commodities	-	foodstuffs, building materials, fuel
Imports - partners	Greece 10.2%, Italy 10.2%, Germany 9.6%, Bosnia and Herzegovina 9.2% (2003)	New Zealand (2004)
Independence	3 June 2006 (from Serbia and Montenegro); note - a referendum on independence was held 21 May 2006	none (territory of New Zealand)
Industries	steelmaking, agricultural processing, consumer goods, tourism	small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing
Infant mortality rate	-	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.4% (2004)	NA%
International organization participation	CEI, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, ICFTU, ILO, Interpol, IPU, ITU, OSCE, UN, UPU, WHO, WTO (observer)	PIF (observer), SPC, UNESCO (associate), UPU
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	Constitutional Court (five judges with nine-year terms); Supreme Court (judges have life tenure)	Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau
Labor force	259,100 (2004)	440
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 2% industry: 30% services: 68% (2004)	-
Land boundaries	total: 625 km border countries: Albania 172 km, Bosnia and Herzegovina 225 km, Croatia 25 km, Serbia 203 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 13.7% permanent crops: 1% other: 85.3%	arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile) permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	Serbian (Ijekavian dialect - official), Bosnian, Albanian, Croatian	Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English
Legal system	based on civil law system	New Zealand and local statutes
Legislative branch	unicameral Assembly (81 seats, elected by direct vote for four-year terms; changed from 74 seats at the time of the elections) elections: last held 10 September 2006 (next to be held 2010) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Coalition for a European Montenegro 41, SNS 12, Coalition SPP/NS/DSS 11, PZP 11, Liberals and Bosniaks 3, Democratic League-Democratic Prosperity 1, Democratic Union of Albanians 1, Albanian Alternative 1	unicameral General Fono (21 seats; based upon proportional representation from the three islands elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; Nukunonu has 6 seats, Fakaofo has 7 seats, Atafu has 8 seats); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono elections: last held January 2005 (next to be held January 2008)
Life expectancy at birth	-	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	-	NA
Location	Southeastern Europe, between the Adriatic Sea and Serbia	Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Europe	Oceania
Maritime claims	NA	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 4 ships (1000 GRT or over) 9,458 GRT/10,172 DWT by type: cargo 4 registered in other countries: 4 (Bahamas 2, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2) (2006)	-
Military - note	Montenegrin plans call for the establishment of a fully professional armed forces	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$2.306 billion	$66.72 million
National holiday	National Day, 13 July	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	noun: Montenegrin(s) adjective: Montenegrin	noun: Tokelauan(s) adjective: Tokelauan
Natural hazards	destructive earthquakes	lies in Pacific typhoon belt
Natural resources	bauxite, hydroelectricity	NEGL
Net migration rate	-	NA
Political parties and leaders	Albanian Alternative or AA; Bosniak Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC]; Coalition for a European Montenegro (Democratic Party of Socialists or DPS and Social Democratic Party or SDP) [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Coalition SPP/NS/DSS; Democratic League-Party of Democratic Prosperity [Mehmet BARHDI]; Democratic Serbian Party of Montenegro or DSS; Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Ferhat DINOSA]; Liberal Party of Montenegro or LP [Miodrag ZIVKOVIC]; Movement for Changes or PZP [Nebojsa MEDOJEVIC]; People's Party of Montenegro or NS [Predrag POPOVIC]; Serbian People's Party of Montenegro or SNS [Andrija MANDIC]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]; Social Democratic Party of Montenegro or DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]; Socialist People's Party or SNP [Predrag BULATOVIC]	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	-	none
Population	630,548 (2004)	1,392 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	12.2% (2003)	NA%
Population growth rate	3.5% (2004)	-0.01% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	31 (2004)	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA note: 1 radio station provides service to all islands (2002)
Railways	total: 250 km standard gauge: 250 km 1.435-m gauge (electrified 169 km) (2005)	-
Religions	Orthodox, Muslim, Roman Catholic	Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2% note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant
Sex ratio	-	NA
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	21 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: modern telecommunications system with access to European satellites domestic: GSM wireless service, available through two providers with national coverage, is growing rapidly international: country code - 382 (the old code of 381 used by Serbia and Montenegro will also remain in use until Feb 2007); two international switches connect the national system	general assessment: modern satellite-based communications system; domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: country code - 690; radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations
Telephones - main lines in use	177,663 (2005)	300 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	543,220 (2005)	0 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	13 (2004)	-
Terrain	highly indented coastline with narrow coastal plain backed by rugged high limestone mountains and plateaus	low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons
Total fertility rate	-	NA
Unemployment rate	27.7% (2005)	NA%

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