Compare Monaco (2006) - Niue (2005)

Compare Monaco (2006) z Niue (2005)

	Monaco (2006)	Niue (2005)

Administrative divisions	none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo	none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages at the second order
Age structure	0-14 years: 15.2% (male 2,539/female 2,417) 15-64 years: 62.1% (male 9,959/female 10,266) 65 years and over: 22.6% (male 3,015/female 4,347) (2006 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products	none	coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle
Airports	-	1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 1.95 sq km land: 1.95 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 260 sq km land: 260 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	The Genoese built a fortress on the site of present-day Monaco in 1215. The current ruling Grimaldi family secured control in the late 13th century, and a principality was established in 1338. Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.	Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to about 2,150 in 2005), with substantial emigration to New Zealand, 2,400 km to the southwest.
Birth rate	9.19 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)	NA births/1,000 population
Budget	revenues: $719.2 million expenditures: $864.1 million; including capital expenditures of $283.1 million (2004)	revenues: NA expenditures: NA
Capital	name: Monaco geographic coordinates: 43 44 N, 7 25 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October	Alofi
Climate	Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
Coastline	4.1 km	64 km
Constitution	17 December 1962	19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)
Country name	conventional long form: Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Niue former: Savage Island
Death rate	12.91 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	$18 billion (2000 est.)	$418,000 (2002 est.)
Dependency status	-	self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense; however, these responsibilities confer no rights of control and are only exercised at the request of the Government of Niue
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) under the authority of the US ambassador to France is accredited to Monaco	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	Monaco does not have an embassy in the US consulate(s) general: New York	none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	$2.6 million from New Zealand (2002)
Economy - overview	Monaco, bordering France on the Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. In 2001, a major construction project extended the pier used by cruise ships in the main harbor. The principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas.	The economy suffers from the typical Pacific island problems of geographic isolation, few resources, and a small population. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry, although former Premier LAKATANI announced in February 2002 that Niue will shut down the offshore banking industry. Economic aid from New Zealand in 2002 was about $2.6 million. Niue suffered a devastating hurricane in January 2004, which decimated nascent economic programs. While in the process of rebuilding, Niue has been dependent on foreign aid.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	2.79 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by France	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	-	3 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mont Agel 140 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m
Environment - current issues	NA	increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups	French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%	Niuen 78.2%, Pacific islander 10.2%, European 4.5%, mixed 3.9%, Asian 0.2%, unspecified 3% (2001 census)
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001)	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001), 2.2012 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: Prince ALBERT II (since 6 April 2005) head of government: Minister of State Jean-Paul PROUST (since 1 June 2005) cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000) head of government: Premier Young VIVIAN (since 1 May 2002) cabinet: Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers elections: the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 12 May 2005 (next to be held May 2008) election results: Young VIVIAN reelected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - Young VIVIAN (NPP) 85%, O'Love JACOBSEN (independent) 15%
Exports	$656.5 million $NA note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France	NA
Exports - commodities	-	canned coconut cream, copra, honey, vanilla, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts
Exports - partners	-	New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia (2000)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red	yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 17% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: 55%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $3,600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	0.9% (2000 est.)	-0.3% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	43 44 N, 7 24 E	19 02 S, 169 52 W
Geography - note	second-smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban	one of world's largest coral islands
Heliports	1 (2006)	-
Highways	-	total: 234 km paved: 86 km unpaved: 148 km (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Imports	$636.6 million $NA note: full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France	NA
Imports - commodities	-	food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs
Imports - partners	-	New Zealand mainly, Fiji, Japan, Samoa, Australia, US (2000)
Independence	1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)	on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA
Industries	tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products	tourism, handicrafts, food processing
Infant mortality rate	total: 5.35 deaths/1,000 live births male: 6.19 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.9% (2000)	1% (1995)
International organization participation	ACCT, CE, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNITAR, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO	ACP, FAO, PIF, Sparteca, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
Irrigated land	NA	NA
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)	Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue
Labor force	41,110 note: includes workers from all foreign countries (2004)	NA
Labor force - by occupation	-	most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board
Land boundaries	total: 4.4 km border countries: France 4.4 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (urban area) (2005)	arable land: 15.38% permanent crops: 11.54% other: 73.08% (2001)
Languages	French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque	Niuean, a Polynesian language closely related to Tongan and Samoan; English
Legal system	based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	English common law note: Niue is self-governing, with the power to make its own laws
Legislative branch	unicameral National Council or Conseil National (24 seats; 16 members elected by list majority system, 8 by proportional representation; to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 9 February 2003 (next to be held February 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UNAM 21, UND 3	unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives) elections: last held 30 April 2005 (next to be held April 2008) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 79.69 years male: 75.85 years female: 83.74 years (2006 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (2003 est.)	definition: NA total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy	Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga
Map references	Europe	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	registered in other countries: 77 (Bahamas 17, Barbados 1, Bermuda 2, France 1, Georgia 13, Isle of Man 3, Liberia 10, Malta 1, Marshall Islands 8, Norway 4, Panama 9, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 4, Switzerland 2, unknown 1) (2006)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France; the Palace Guard performs ceremonial duties (2003)	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches	-	no regular indigenous military forces; Police Force
National holiday	National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November	Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality	noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s) adjective: Monegasque or Monacan	noun: Niuean(s) adjective: Niuean
Natural hazards	NA	typhoons
Natural resources	none	fish, arable land
Net migration rate	7.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders	National and Democratic Union or UND [Guy MAGNAN]; Union for Monaco or UPM (including National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM)	Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]; Alliance of Independents or AI [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	32,543 (July 2006 est.)	2,166 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA
Population growth rate	0.4% (2006 est.)	0% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic 90%	Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 61.1%, Latter-Day Saints 8.8%, Roman Catholic 7.2%, Jehovah's Witnesses 2.4%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.4%, other 8.4%, unspecified 8.7%, none 1.9% (2001 census)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2006 est.)	NA
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: modern automatic telephone system domestic: NA international: country code - 377; no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system	domestic: single-line telephone system connects all villages on island international: country code - 683
Telephones - main lines in use	33,700 (2002)	1,100 est (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	19,300 (2002)	400 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	5 (1998)	1 (1997)
Terrain	hilly, rugged, rocky	steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau
Total fertility rate	1.76 children born/woman (2006 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	22% (1999)	NA

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